Move Table of Contents
◀ ▲ ▶
  1. Getting Started
    1. Things you need to duel
    2. The Game Mat/Dueling Field
      1. The field
        1. Main Monster Zone
        2. Extra Monster Zone
        3. Spell & Trap Zone
        4. Pendulum Zone
        5. Field Zone
      2. Graveyard
      3. Deck Zone
      4. Extra Deck Zone
      5. Hand
      6. Banished/Banishment
        1. Face-down banished
  2. Monster cards
    1. Properties
      1. Card Name
      2. Level
      3. Attribute
      4. Type
      5. Card Number
      6. ATK (Attack Points)/DEF (Defense Points)
        1. Monsters with "?" values
      7. Card Description
    2. Normal Monsters
    3. Effect Monsters
      1. Abilities
        1. Flip
        2. Toon
        3. Spirit
        4. Union
        5. Gemini
    4. Ritual Monsters
      1. Tributes of a Ritual
      2. Summoning the monster you tribute is not possible
    5. Fusion Monsters
      1. Fusion Materials
      2. You do not use Polymerization
      3. Must first be Fusion Summoned
      4. Only with the above Fusion Material Monsters
    6. Synchro Monsters
      1. Synchro Materials
    7. Xyz Monsters
      1. Xyz Materials
    8. Pendulum Monsters
      1. Pendulum Monsters treated as Spell Cards
      2. Fusion/Synchro/Xyz Pendulum
    9. Link Monsters
      1. Link Materials
      2. Special Summon to the Main Monster Zones
      3. Vocabulary
      4. Extra Link
  3. Summoning
    1. Normal Summon
      1. Normal Set
      2. Tribute Summon
        1. Tributes for a Tribute Summon
    2. Flip Summon
    3. Special Summon
      1. Special Summon through requirements
        1. Special Summon Monsters and Properly Special Summon
      2. Special Summon with a Card's Effect
    4. Cannot summon - Summon restrictions
    5. Negate Summons
  4. Spell cards
    1. Properties
    2. Activating and Setting Spell Cards
    3. Normal Spell Cards
    4. Ritual Spell Cards
    5. Continuous Spell Cards
    6. Equip Spell Cards
    7. Field Spell Cards
    8. Quick-Play Spell Cards
  5. Trap cards
    1. Activating and Setting Trap Cards
    2. Normal Trap Cards
    3. Continuous Trap Cards
    4. Counter Trap Cards
  6. Other game elements
    1. Tokens
      1. Conjunction success for Tokens
    2. Counters
  7. General Game Mechanics
    1. Rules vs. Card Effects
    2. Battle Position
      1. Face-up Attack Position
      2. Face-up Defense Position
      3. Face-down Defense Position
      4. Changing the battle positions of monsters
    3. Damage
      1. Battle Damage
        1. Determining Battle Damage and Battle Destruction
        2. Modifying Battle Damage
      2. Effect Damage
    4. Control/Possess/Own
    5. Public and Private Knowledge
    6. Decimal Values
    7. Values equal or lower to 0
    8. Chains
      1. Spell Speed
      2. Actions which cannot be Chained to
      3. Cards are sent to the Graveyard only at chain resolution
      4. Events are not responded to until the chain has resolved
    9. Fast effect timing
      1. Game state and Turn Player Actions
      2. Moving to the Next Phase or Step
      3. Turn Player's Priority
      4. Simultaneous Effects
        1. Perform actions simultaneously
        2. Simultaneous Effects Go On Chain (SEGOC)
        3. Mandatory Quick Effects and SEGOC
      5. Missing the Timing, If vs When: Effects that Meet Their Activation Requirements in the Middle of the Resolution of an Effect or Chain
    10. Forbidden & Limited Cards
  8. Duel and Turn Structure
    1. Winning a Duel
      1. Life Points (LP)
      2. Text that specifies Special/Alternate Victory Conditions
    2. Draw Phase
    3. Standby Phase
    4. Main Phase 1
    5. Battle Phase
      1. Start Step
      2. Battle Step
        1. Attack Declaration
        2. Replay Rules during the Battle Step
      3. Damage Step
        1. Sub-steps of the Damage Step
        2. Cards/effects that can be activated during the Damage Step
        3. End of the Damage Step still occurs even if damage calculation was never conducted: "having attacked"
      4. End Step
    6. Main Phase 2
    7. End Phase
      1. Hand size limit
  9. Cards text
    1. Problem Solving Card Text (PSCT)
    2. Activating Cards and Effects
      1. Effects that activate and effects that do not start a chain
      2. Activating Effects
      3. Activation requirements/condition/legality
        1. Legality of targeting and paying cost
        2. Legality of 0 ATK/DEF modifiers
        3. Legality of adding then discarding/sending
        4. Legality of change control
        5. Legality of delayed adding to hand
        6. Legality of destroying to summon
        7. Legality of effect negation
        8. Legality of Equip Cards
        9. Legality of gaining 0 LP
        10. Legality under "Macro Cosmos"
        11. Legality under "Dimensional Fissure"
      4. Cost
        1. Costs that Tribute
        2. Costs that Discard
        3. Costs that Send to the Graveyard
        4. Costs that Return/Add to the Hand
      5. Target
        1. That target vs It
        2. Legality of targeting and paying cost
      6. Effect Resolution
    3. Conjunctives
      1. Conjunction success for Tokens
      2. Conjunction success for 0 ATK/DEF modifiers
    4. Effects Categories
      1. Continuous Effects
        1. Multiple Continuous Effects that interact with each other
      2. Ignition Effects
      3. Trigger Effects
        1. Events are not responded to until the chain has resolved
        2. Activation Location
        3. Triggers for changing card type
        4. Triggers for changing control
        5. Triggers for changing phase
        6. Triggers for discarding for hand size for a second time
        7. Triggers for monsters summoned with a certain property and then losing that property
        8. Triggers for multiple Summon itself from hand
        9. Triggers for Spell/Trap cards before their activation resolution
      4. Quick Effects
      5. Other Effects
    5. Text that is not an effect
      1. Text that specifies "once per turn" - Activate vs Use
      2. Text that determines Materials and Summoning procedures
      3. Text that is maintenance cost
      4. Text that says "this card is always treated as [card name]/[a particular title/archetype] card"
      5. Text that says "cannot activate in response to this card's activation/effect"
      6. Text that specifies Special/Alternate Victory Conditions
  10. Glossary: Effects Terms and Effects Interaction
    1. Activate [X] from [location] - Activate a Card through another Card's effect
    2. Any [X] sent to the Graveyard is banished instead
      1. Legality under "Macro Cosmos"
      2. Legality under "Dimensional Fissure"
    3. Apply 1 of the following effects/all effects
    4. ATK/DEF Modifications
      1. Categories and interactions
      2. Special cases
        1. Applying a special non-activated effect that is always applied last
        2. Activated effects that work like non-activated effects: Set own ATK/DEF on Summon
        3. Activated effects that work like non-activated effects
      3. Legality of 0 ATK/DEF modifiers
      4. Conjunction success for 0 ATK/DEF modifiers
    5. Attach
    6. Attack all once each
    7. Attack directly
    8. Attack while in face-up Defense Position
    9. Banish
    10. Banish face-down
    11. Banish it when it leaves the field
    12. Banish until - Temporarily banish
      1. Retaining information
    13. Battle/Battled
      1. End of the Damage Step still occurs even if damage calculation was never conducted: "having attacked"
    14. Can only control 1 - Unique on the Field
    15. Can only control 1 - "Rivalry of Warlords"/"Gozen Match" like
      1. What monsters can be summoned
      2. Special Summoning cards and effects that can be activated
    16. Cannot/Neither player can
    17. Cannot activate when [event] - Unable to respond to when specific events happen
    18. Cannot be destroyed once/next/first time per turn
    19. Cannot be negated
    20. Cannot summon - Summon restrictions
    21. Cannot switch control/possession
    22. Cannot target for attacks
    23. Cannot target for effects
    24. Cannot use - "Prohibition"/"Psi-Blocker"
    25. Change attack target
    26. Change battle position
    27. Change card/effect target to another appropriate target
    28. Change/Take/Give/Switch Control
      1. Legality of change control
      2. Triggers for changing control
    29. Change to face-down Defense Position
      1. Retaining information
    30. Continuous destroys/sends itself (self-destruct/self-send)
    31. Card or effect that includes an effect that does [A]
    32. Card or effect that would do [A]
    33. Declare 1 card name
    34. Destroy
      1. Continuous Spell/Trap Cards that destroy a card(s) on the field can target themselves
      2. Legality of destroying to summon
    35. Discard
      1. Costs that Discard
      2. Legality of adding then discarding/sending
      3. Triggers for discarding for hand size for a second time
    36. Draw
    37. During the [X] Phase, do [A] - Delayed effects
      1. Legality of delayed adding to hand
    38. During the [X] Phase: do [A] - Phase-Specific Effects
    39. Each time [A] happens, do [B] - Continuous Effects that apply at chain link resolution
    40. Effect becomes [A] - Changing/overwriting effects
    41. End the Battle Phase
    42. Equip to
      1. Legality of Equip Cards
    43. Equipping Monsters
      1. Triggers for changing card type
    44. Equipping Traps
    45. Excavate
    46. Gain Life Points
      1. Legality of gaining 0 LP
    47. If/When [X] destroys a monster by battle: do [A]
    48. If [X] would be destroyed, you can do [A] instead - Destruction Substitution
    49. Ignoring the Summoning conditions
    50. Immediately after this effect resolves, [method] Summon [X]
    51. Leaves the field
    52. Leaves the field because of an opponent's card
    53. Leaves the field because of an opponent's card effect
    54. Make your opponent/Your opponent must do [A]
    55. Must attack
    56. Negate Activation of Cards
    57. Negate Activation of Effects
    58. Negate Activated Effects
    59. Negate Effects
      1. Legality of effect negation
    60. Negate Summons
    61. Piercing Battle Damage
    62. Place a card on the field in your Spell/Trap/Pendulum Zone
    63. Place a card on the field in your Spell/Trap/Pendulum Zone instead of destroying it
    64. Properties Changing
      1. Triggers for monsters with a certain property being Summoned, and then losing that property
    65. Properties Changing - Name changing
    66. Properties Changing - Attribute changing
    67. Properties Changing - Copy effect continuous/lingering
    68. Properties Changing - Copy effect resolves as another card's effect
    69. Properties Changing - Gains this effect
    70. Random
    71. Return/Add to the Hand
      1. Costs that Return/Add to the Hand
      2. Legality of adding then discarding/sending
    72. Return/Shuffle to the Deck
    73. Return to the Graveyard
    74. Reveal
    75. Send to the Graveyard
      1. Costs that Send to the Graveyard
      2. Legality of adding then discarding/sending
    76. Specifically lists a card name/mentions a card name
      1. Ritual Monsters whose name is listed on a Ritual Spell Card
    77. Substitute for any 1 Fusion Material
    78. Summon from Spell/Trap/Pendulum Zone
    79. This turn/For the rest of the turn/Until [X] turn, apply [A] - Lingering Effects
      1. Lingering Effects vs Unaffected
    80. Traps Treated as Monsters (not treated as Traps)
    81. Traps Treated as Monsters (still treated as Traps)
    82. Tribute
      1. Tributes for a Tribute Summon
      2. Tributes of a Ritual
      3. Costs that Tribute
    83. Unaffected
      1. Lingering Effects vs Unaffected
    84. Unaffected by activated effects
    85. Specific Cards
      1. "Ghost Mourner & Moonlit Chill"
      2. "Necrovalley"
      3. "Meteonis Drytron"
▲ kuriboh_reading

1 Getting Started

1.1 Things you need to duel

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 2
  2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Can Side Deck include Fusion, Synchro, Xyz or Link Monsters?

1.2 The Game Mat/Dueling Field

The Game Mat helps you organize your cards during a Duel. When you use your cards you place them on the Game Mat. Different kinds of cards are placed in different Zones.

game_mat
  1. Main Monster Zone
  2. Spell & Trap Zone and Pendulum Zone
  3. Graveyard (GY)
  4. Deck
  5. Field Zone
  6. Extra Deck
  7. Extra Monster Zone
References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 3-5

1.2.1 The field

If an effect says "the field", it refers one of the following locations:

If an effect simply says "card(s) on the field" without specifying yours or the opponent's, the effect can affect both player's Main Monster Zones, Extra Monster Zones, Spell & Trap Zones, Field Zones and Pendulum Zones.

If an effect simply says "Monster Zones" without specifying Main or Extra Monster Zones, it affects both Main Monster Zones and Extra Monster Zones.

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 44

1.2.1.1 Main Monster Zone

This is where you put your monsters when they're played[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 3-5
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 45

1.2.1.2 Extra Monster Zone

This is where you put your monsters that are Summoned to the field by special methods from the Extra Deck[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 3-5
  2. Official KONAMI's 2021 rules update
  3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 50-51

1.2.1.3 Spell & Trap Zone

This is where you put Spell & Trap Cards[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 3-5
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 45

1.2.1.4 Pendulum Zone

This is the place where Pendulum Monsters activated as Spell Cards are placed in. The left-most and right-most of the 5 Spell & Trap Zones on the field are also treated as Pendulum Zones. However, they are only treated as Pendulum Zones as long as there is a Pendulum Monster in them that has been activated from the hand as a Spell Card on that has been placed in them by an effect that places cards in the Pendulum Zone. Furthermore, Pendulum Monsters placed here through these methods are treated as "cards in the Pendulum Zone(s)".

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 48-49

1.2.1.5 Field Zone

Special Spell Cards called Field Spell Cards are played here (activated face-up or set face-down)[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 3-5
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 47

1.2.2 Graveyard

When Monster Cards are destroyed, and when Spell & Trap Cards are used, they're sent face-up to this space[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 3-5
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 46
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: If multiple cards are sent to the Graveyard at the same time, in which order are those cards sent to the Graveyard?
  4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Order of the Graveyard

1.2.3 Deck Zone

Your Deck is placed face-down in this space[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 3-5
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 42

1.2.4 Extra Deck Zone

Place your Extra Deck face-down in this space[1].

Regarding Pendulum Monster Cards:

References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 3-5
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 47

1.2.5 Hand

Players hold the cards they draw from the Deck or otherwise during the Duel as a hand.

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 52

1.2.6 Banished/Banishment

Cards that are banished from play by card effects are placed outside of the Dueling Field.

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 53

1.2.6.1 Face-down banished

Cards banished by an effect that says "banish face-down" are banished face-down[1].

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 53
  2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Face-down banished cards cannot activate their effects

2 Monster cards

2.1 Properties

monster_card

2.1.1 Card Name

This is the card's name. When a card name is mentioned in card text it appears in quotations.

References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 6-7

2.1.2 Level

Count the number of stars here to find out the monster's Level. For Xyz Monsters, the number of stars is the Rank of the monster, and is on left[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 6-7
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 58

2.1.3 Attribute

attributes

Every monster has an Attribute. This Attribute is sometimes important for card effects[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 6-7
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 58

2.1.4 Type

Monsters are divided into various Types. Some monsters with specific abilities will have additional information here too, next to their Type[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 6-7
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 58

2.1.5 Card Number

A card's identification number is found here. This number is useful for collecting, and for sorting your collection.

References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 6-7

2.1.6 ATK (Attack Points)/DEF (Defense Points)

ATK is a monster's Attack Points and DEF is a monster's Defense Points[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 6-7
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 60

2.1.6.1 Monsters with "?" values

Monsters with "?" ATK or DEF values are monsters that modify those values by their own effects[1].

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 60
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 160
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Sangan" and "?" ATK

2.1.7 Card Description

Card effects are written here, describing the monster's special abilities and how to use them. Normally, the effects of monsters cannot be used while they are Set face-down on the field. Yellow Normal Monster Cards do not have effects, and have a description of them written here that does not affect the game.

References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 6-7

2.2 Normal Monsters

89631139 These are basic Monster Cards without special abilities. Many Normal Monsters have higher Attack Points and Defense Points than Effect Monsters, instead of having special abilities.

Interaction with:

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 8
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 68

2.3 Effect Monsters

38033121 An Effect Monster is a monster that has special abilities. The effects of these monsters are split into four categories:
  1. Continuous Effect
  2. Ignition Effect
  3. Quick Effect
  4. Trigger Effect (including Flip)
Continuous Effect This effect is active while the Effect Monster Card is face-up on the field. The effect starts when the face-up monster appears on the field, and ends once that monster is gone or is no longer face-up; there is no trigger for its activation.

Example: "Monsters with 2000 or less ATK cannot declare an attack"
Ignition Effect You use this type of effect just by declaring its activation during your Main Phase. There are some Ignition Effects that have a cost to activate, like discarding cards from your hand, Tributing a monster, or paying LP.

Example: "You can Tribute this card, then target 1 monster on the field; destroy that target"
Quick Effect These are special monster effects that you can activate even during your opponent's turn. These types of effects have a Spell Speed of 2, even though all other monster effects have a Spell Speed of 1.

Example: "When an effect is activated (Quick Effect): You can target 1 monster in your GY; Special Summon it."
Trigger Effect These effects are activated at specific times, such as "during the Standby Phase" or "when this monster is destroyed".

Example: "When this card is destroyed by battle and sent to the GY: Target 1 card on the field; destroy that target."
Flip Effect Flip effect is a part of the Trigger Effect. This is an effect that is activated when a face-down card is flipped face-up. This can happen when it is Flip Summoned, attacked while face-down, or flipped face-up by a card effect. These effects start with the word "FLIP:" on the card.

Example: "FLIP: Draw 1 card."
References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 9-11

2.3.1 Abilities

The text written to the right of the Type is that monster's Summoning Method and its Abilities.

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 60

2.3.1.1 Flip

21502796 These are Effect Monster Cards that have a Trigger Effect that activates upon being flipped face-up, which is called a Flip effect:

"FLIP: [effect]"

A few exceptional Flip monsters do not have such an effect, but instead have other effects that apply after being flipped face-up.

Interaction with:

References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 9-11
  2. Official KONAMI's damage step rules
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Rivalry of Warlords" and face-down monsters
  4. Official rulebook page 55

2.3.1.2 Toon

53183600 Most (not all) Toon monsters can't attack the turn they are Summoned and can, while you control "Toon World" and your opponent controls no Toon monsters, attack your opponent directly:

"Cannot attack the turn it is Summoned. While you control "Toon World" and your opponent controls no Toon monsters, this card can attack directly."
References:
  1. Yugipedia

2.3.1.3 Spirit

32181268 These are Effect Monster Cards that cannot be Special Summoned, and have an effect that returns them to the hand during the End Phase of the turn they are Normal Summoned or flipped face-up:

"Cannot be Special Summoned. Once per turn, during the End Phase, if this card was Normal Summoned or flipped face-up this turn: Return this card to the hand."
References:
  1. Yugipedia

2.3.1.4 Union

42940404 These are Effect Monster Cards that have an effect that allows them to equip themselves to a monster as an Equip Card or unequip themselves to Special Summon themselves to a Monster Zone:

"Once per turn, you can either: Target 1 [X] monster you control; equip this card to that target, OR: Unequip this card and Special Summon it."

Interaction with:

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 53
  2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Heavy Mech Support Armor", "Book of Moon"
  3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 165-166

2.3.1.5 Gemini

30079770 These are Effect Monster Cards that are treated as Normal Monsters with no usable effects when first placed on the field, but can gain usable effects if they are Normal Summoned while already face-up on the field:

"This card is treated as a Normal Monster while face-up on the field/in the GY/... . While this card is a Normal Monster on the field, you can Normal Summon it to have it become an Effect Monster with this effect.
● [effect]"

Interaction with:

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 166-167
  2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Contract with Don Thousand" and Gemini monsters
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Temporary banishment and Normal-Summoned-Again status
  4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Blazewing Butterfly", "Heat Wave"
  5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Fullmetalfoes Alkahest" and Gemini monsters
  6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality for effect negation
  7. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Normal Summoning a negated Gemini Monster
  8. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Horn of Heaven", "Chthonian Emperor Dragon"
  9. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Solemn Judgment", "Destruction Jammer"
  10. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Neo-Spacian Dark Panther", "Chthonian Emperor Dragon"

2.4 Ritual Monsters

64631466 Ritual Monsters are special monsters that are Special Summoned with a specific Ritual Spell Card, along with a required Tribute. Ritual Monster Cards are placed in the Main Deck and cannot be Summoned unless you have all the proper cards together in your hand or on the field[1].
41426869 How to ritual Summon[1]
  1. When you have a Ritual Spell Card, along with the matching Ritual Monster Card, in your hand, along with the required Tribute (as listed on the Ritual Spell Card), you can activate the Ritual Spell Card, placing it in the Spell & Trap Zone.
  2. If the activation of the Ritual Spell Card is successful, Tribute monsters by sending them from your hand or the field to the Graveyard. The Ritual Spell Card will list the required amount to Tribute.
  3. After sending the Tributed monsters to the Graveyard, play the Ritual Monster Card in your Main Monster Zone in either face-up Attack or Defense Position. Finally, place the Ritual Spell Card in the Graveyard.

Interaction with:

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 23
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 86
  3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 85

2.4.1 Tributes of a Ritual

Tributes for a ritual are sent to the Graveyard as a result of the effect of the Ritual Spell Card[1].

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 86
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 85

2.4.2 Summoning the monster you tribute is not possible

When activating a card (1) that has an effect that performs a Ritual Summon from the Graveyard for example, a valid Ritual Monster (2) must be present in the Graveyard. If you tribute a Ritual Monster (3) so that it meets the requirements to Summon (2) from the Graveyard, if (3) will be sent to the Graveyard as a result and (3) is also a valid target that can be Summoned with (1), you cannot Summon (3) from the Graveyard.

Example Question:
When Ritual Summoning with the effect of "Revendread Origin", if I Tribute a "Revendread Slayer" in my hand, is it possible to Ritual Summon that same "Revendread Slayer" from the Graveyard?
Answer:
The Ritual Summoning procedure when resolving "Revendread Origin" is to choose 1 "Vendread" Ritual Monster in your hand or Graveyard, and Tribute or banish other monsters whose total Levels equal or exceed the chosen Ritual Monster's Level. Therefore, if you decide to Ritual Summon the "Revendread Slayer" in your hand, you cannot Tribute that same "Revendread Slayer". (You must perform the Ritual Summon by Tributing other monsters from your hand/field, and/or banishing Zombie-Type monsters from your Graveyard.)

References:
  1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Revendread Origin", "Revendread Slayer"
  2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Nekroz Cycle", "Nekroz of Clausolas"

2.5 Fusion Monsters

35809262 Fusion Monsters placed in your Extra Deck (not in your Main Deck). They are Summoned by using the specific monsters listed on the card (called Fusion Materials) combined with a Summoning card like "Polymerization"[1].

If a Fusion Monster on the field or Graveyard or a Fusion Monster Card that is banished would be returned to the hand or Deck by a card effect, that monster is returned to the owner's Extra Deck[2].

After a properly Fusion Summoned Fusion Monster is sent to the Graveyard or banished, if it is Special Summoned from the Graveyard or from being Banished, it can be placed in any of your available Main Monster Zones[3].
24094653 How to fusion Summon[1]
  1. If you have all the Fusion Materials listed on the Fusion Monster Card, in the places specified on your Summoning card, you can activate your Summoning card by placing it in your Spell & Trap Zone.
  2. Send the Fusion Materials to the Graveyard, then take the appropriate Fusion Monster from your Extra Deck and play it either in the Extra Monster Zone or in any of your Main Monster Zones of in either face-up Attack or Defense Position.
  3. Finally, place your Summoning card in the Graveyard. (If another card effect causes your Fusion Materials to be sent to a place other than the Graveyard when your Summoning card resolves, send them to that other place, but the Fusion Summon still happens anyway).

Interaction with:

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 22
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 70
  3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 87
  4. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 88
  5. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 150
  6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Pot of Acquisitiveness"
  7. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Herald of Pure Light"

2.5.1 Fusion Materials

The monsters sent to the Graveyard for a Fusion Summon during the resolution of the card that performs a Fusion Summon are Fusion Materials[1].

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 88
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 87

2.5.2 You do not use Polymerization

Fusion Monsters that say "you do not use Polymerization" in their Effect Text cannot be Fusion Summoned by cards that perform a Fusion Summon. They can be Special Summoned by the method they list[1]. Some recently released cards have also started to omit "you do not use Polymerization", listing only the summoning procedures such as "Vicious Astraloud".

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 88, 90
  2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Monsters used for Fusion Monsters' procedure are treated as Fusion Materials
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Non-Fusion Area", "Chimeratech Fortress Dragon"
  4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Chimeratech Fortress Dragon", "Gnomaterial"

2.5.3 Must first be Fusion Summoned

Cards like "El Shaddoll Winda" that say "Must first be Fusion Summoned." mean that they can only be Special Summoned from the Extra Deck by a Fusion Summon, and providing they have been Special Summoned properly, they can be Special Summoned by other card effects from the Graveyard.

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 88

2.5.4 Only with the above Fusion Material Monsters

Cards like "Chimeratech Rampage Dragon" that say "A Fusion Summon of this card can only be done with the above Fusion Material Monsters." mean that if they are Fusion Summoned using a card that performs a Fusion Summon, you must use the appropriate materials listed in the text. Cards like "Goddess with the Third Eye" that have an effect that says "You can substitute this card for any 1 Fusion Material Monster" cannot be used as a Material.

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 88

2.6 Synchro Monsters

60800381 Synchro Monsters are placed in the Extra Deck, separate from the Main Deck. You can Special Summon a powerful Synchro Monster to the field in an instant just by using the Levels of your monsters. They can be Synchro Summoned from the Extra Deck by sending 1 face-up "Tuner" monster and any number of face-up non-Tuner monsters from your field to the Graveyard, when the sum of all their Levels is exactly equal to the Level of the Synchro Monster[1].

If a Synchro Monster on the field or Graveyard or a Synchro Monster Card that is banished would be returned to the hand or Deck by a card effect, that monster is returned to the owner's Extra Deck[2].

After a properly Synchro Summoned Synchro Monster is sent to the Graveyard or banished, if it is Special Summoned from the Graveyard or from being Banished, it can be placed in any of your available Main Monster Zones[4].
63977008 Tuner Monsters
In order to Synchro Summon a Synchro Monster, you need 1 Tuner (look for "Tuner" next to its Type). The Tuner monster and other face-up monsters you use for the Synchro Summon are called Synchro Materials. The sum of their Levels is the Level of Synchro Monster you can Summon[1].

The Ability of being a Tuner is not treated as an effect[3].

Tuners that have Monster Effects are Effect Monsters and Tuners that do not have effects written in their Monster Information are Normal Monsters. There are also Synchro Tuner Monsters[3].
How to synchro Summon[1]
synchro_summon
  1. During your Main Phase, you can perform a Synchro Summon when the combined total Levels of 1 face-up Tuner monster and any number of other face-up monsters you control are equal to the Level of the Synchro Monster you want to Synchro Summon.
  2. After double-checking the Level of the Synchro Monster you want, send the face-up Synchro Materials from your field to the Graveyard (face-up means that face-down monsters cannot be used).
  3. After sending the Synchro Materials from the field to the Graveyard, take the Synchro Monster from your Extra Deck and play it either in the Extra Monster Zone or in any of your Main Monster Zones of in face-up Attack or Defense Position.

Interaction with:

References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 20-21
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 71
  3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 59
  4. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 91
  5. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 150
  6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Pot of Acquisitiveness"
  7. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Herald of Pure Light"

2.6.1 Synchro Materials

Monsters sent to the Graveyard for a Synchro Summon are Synchro Materials.

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 91

2.7 Xyz Monsters

84013237 Xyz Monsters (pronounced "ikseez") can be Xyz Summoned whenever you control monsters that are the same Level. Xyz Monsters start in your Extra Deck and not in your Main Deck[1].
xyz_details
When an Xyz Monster tells you to "detach" a material, take one of the stacked Xyz Material cards beneath your Xyz Monster and put it in the Graveyard[1].

If an Xyz Monster that is banished, on the field, or in the Graveyard would be returned to the hand or Deck by a card effect, that monster is returned to the owner's Extra Deck instead[2].

Xyz Monsters do not have a Level and have a Rank[2].

After a properly Xyz Summoned Xyz Monster is sent to the Graveyard or banished, if it is Special Summoned from the Graveyard or from being Banished, it can be placed in any of your available Main Monster Zones[3].
How to Xyz Summon[1]
xyz_summon
  1. Choose an Xyz Monster from your Extra Deck that you have the right Xyz Materials for. The Xyz Materials should be face-up on your field.
  2. During your Main Phase, declare that you are Xyz Summoning and stack the Xyz Materials on top of each other.
  3. Take the Xyz Monster from your Extra Deck and put it on top of the stacked Xyz Materials either in the Extra Monster Zone or in any of your Main Monster Zones in face-up Attack or Defense Position.

Interaction with:

References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 18-19
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 71
  3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 95
  4. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 86
  5. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 91
  6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Pendulum Monster Cards as Xyz material
  7. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 150
  8. Official rulebook page 51
  9. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Pot of Acquisitiveness"
  10. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Herald of Pure Light"

2.7.1 Xyz Materials

Monsters that are used to Xyz Summon are called "Xyz Materials", and are placed underneath the Xyz Monster, to show that they are attached to it[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 51
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 95
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Pendulum Monster Cards as Xyz material

2.8 Pendulum Monsters

16178681 Pendulum Monster Cards are a unique kind of card that can be Summoned as monsters to attack or defend, or can be activated as Spell Cards in your Pendulum Zones to activate extra special abilities and allow you to Pendulum Summon[1].
pendulum_details
Whenever one of your Pendulum Monster Cards on the field (regardless of which Zone it is in, or even if it is a monster or not) would be sent to the Graveyard, place it face-up on your Extra Deck instead. You can Pendulum Summon it back to the field later! Monsters Pendulum Summoned from the Extra Deck must be Summoned to the Extra Monster Zone or your Main Monster Zone pointed to by a Link Monster[1].

Pendulum Monsters that have Monster Effects are Effect Monsters, and Pendulum Monsters that do not have Monster Effects written in their Monster Information are Normal Monsters. Even if Pendulum Monsters that do not have a Monster Effect have a Pendulum Effect, they are treated as Normal Monsters[2].
How to Pendulum Summon[1]
pendulum_summon
  1. During your Main Phase, activate Pendulum Monster Cards as Spell Cards in your leftmost and rightmost Spell & Trap Zones. These Spell & Trap Zones also become Pendulum Zones.
  2. After you have one in each Pendulum Zone, once per turn during your Main Phase, declare that you're Pendulum Summoning.
  3. Check the Pendulum Scales on the sides of your 2 Pendulum Monster Cards, then Special Summon as many monsters as you want from your hand and as many face-up Pendulum Monsters from your Extra Deck, whose Levels are in between those Pendulum Scales.
Pendulum Monsters that would be Pendulum Summoned from the Extra Deck must be Special Summoned in the Extra Monster Zone or in your available Main Monster Zones that are pointed by a Link Arrow. If you do not have an available Extra Monster Zone or a Main Monster Zone that is pointed by a Link Arrow, you can only Pendulum Summon monsters from the hand[4].

Pendulum Summons can only be performed once per turn[4].

Pendulum Monsters sent from outside the field to the Graveyard are sent to the Graveyard normally. For example, if at the time you would Normal Summon a Pendulum Monster from the hand that itself is negated by "Solemn Judgment", the Pendulum Monster that is not treated as being sent from the field to the Graveyard is not added to the Extra Deck, and is sent to the Graveyard[3].

A Pendulum Summon is a method that Special Summons any number of monsters in a single timing[4]:
  • When multiple monsters are Pendulum Summoned, the effect of "Thunder King Rai-Oh" that says "when your opponent would Special Summon exactly 1 monster: You can send this face-up card to the Graveyard; negate the Special Summon, and if you do, destroy it." cannot be activated. Providing 1 monster is Pendulum Summoned, the Pendulum Summon can be negated by activating the effect of "Thunder King Rai-Oh".
  • When a Level 4, Level 6, and Level 7 monster would be Pendulum Summoned at the same time, if the effect of "Steelswarm Roach" is activated, only the Special Summon of the Level 6 and 7 monsters is negated.

Interaction with:

References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 16-17
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 75
  3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 76
  4. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 97-98
  5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Chimeratech Fortress Dragon", "G.B. Hunter" and Pendulum Monsters
  6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Pendulum Monster Cards as Xyz material
  7. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 150
  8. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 165-166
  9. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Cherubini, Ebon Angel of the Burning Abyss", "Archfiend Eccentrick"

2.8.1 Pendulum Monsters treated as Spell Cards

Pendulum Monsters activated in a Pendulum Zone or that are placed in the Pendulum Zone by an effect that places cards in the Pendulum Zone are treated as Spell Cards.

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 121

2.8.2 Fusion/Synchro/Xyz Pendulum

A Fusion/Synchro/Xyz Pendulum monster:

Summoning Method Extra Deck status
Face-down Face-up after proper Summon Face-up after improper Summon
Respective Extra Deck Summon ✔️ ❌[2][3][4] ❌[2][3][4]
Pendulum Summon ❌[2][3][4] ✔️[3][4] ❌[2][3][4]
Special Summon by a card effect ✔️[3][4] ✔️[3][4] ❌[3][4]
Special Summon by a card effect treated as respective Extra Deck Summon ✔️[3][4] ❌[3][4] ❌[3][4]
Effects that Special Summon Pendulum Monsters that are face-up in the Extra Deck ❌[3][4] ✔️[3][4] ❌[3][4]
References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 70-71
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 75
  3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 93
  4. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 96

2.9 Link Monsters

1861629 A Link Monster are monsters with the ability to increase the number of monsters you can Summon from your Extra Deck for other Link monsters and Pendulum monsters. In addition to the 1 Extra Monster Zone you can usually use, you can also Summon Link and Pendulum monsters from the Extra Deck to any of your Main Monster Zones that has a Link Monster's red arrow pointing to it[1].
link_details
If 2 Extra Monster Zones are available, you can choose either one to Summon your monster. If there is a Link Monster already on the field, you can Link Summon a monster in one of your Zones it points to[1].

After a properly Link Summoned Link Monster is sent to the Graveyard or banished, if it is Special Summoned from the Graveyard or from being Banished, it can be placed in any of your available Main Monster Zones[2].
How to Link Summon[1]
link_summon
  1. Check the materials of the Link Monster you want to Summon.
  2. During your Main Phase, declare that you are Link Summoning, send a number of face-up monsters from your field to the Graveyard equal to the Link Rating of that Link Monster. They must also match the material requirements listed in the monster's "recipe" written on the card (face-up means that face-down monsters cannot be used).
  3. Place the Link Monster from your Extra Deck in the Extra Monster Zone, or one of your Main Monster Zones that another Link Monster is pointing to.

Interaction with:

References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 12-15
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 101
  3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 86
  4. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 88
  5. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 91
  6. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 95
  7. Official rulebook page 15
  8. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 101
  9. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 150
  10. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Pot of Acquisitiveness"
  11. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Herald of Pure Light"

2.9.1 Link Materials

Monsters sent to the Graveyard for a Link Summon are called Link Materials[1].

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 101
  2. Official rulebook page 15

2.9.2 Special Summon to the Main Monster Zones

link_main_monster

Link and Pendulum Monsters Summoned from the Extra Deck normally have to go in the Extra Monster Zone. But Link Monsters open up more Zones for you to use, because every Main Monster Zone that a Link Monster points to can also be used to Summon Link and Pendulum monsters from your Extra Deck. Link and Pendulum Monsters that started in the Extra Deck, but later end up in the Graveyard (or are banished) and are Summoned from there, also go in the Main Monster Zones (and don't need a Link Monster to point to them).

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 14

2.9.3 Vocabulary

Some common terms to know when dealing with Link Monsters:

link_vocabulary
References:
  1. Official KONAMI's article

2.9.4 Extra Link

In addition to being linked or co-linked, there's a special type of "linked" state that a monster can be in: "Extra Linked". Only Link Monsters can be Extra Linked, and this state only occurs when a series of co-linked Link Monsters is built that connects a Link Monster in an Extra Monster Zone to a Link Monster in the other Extra Monster Zone. Each monster in the series must be co-linked to each other monster it is linked to in the series.

In the example below, we've placed a series of co-linked monsters from the right-hand Extra Monster Zone over to the left-hand Extra Monster Zone where the opponent has Link Summoned "Decode Talker". Each of our Link Monsters is co-linked to each other Link Monster it's linked to in the series, so when we Link Summon the final monster in the series, each monster in the series becomes Extra Linked in addition to being co-linked and linked, including the opponent's "Decode Talker". Any Link Monster that is co-linked to one of the monsters in this series is also Extra Linked, even if it's not contributing towards making the monsters Extra Linked. For example, an extra "Honeybot" to the left or right of one of the "Firewall Dragon" would also be Extra Linked.

extra_link

Under normal circumstances you cannot occupy both Extra Monster Zones with monsters from your Extra Deck. There is one, and only one, exception to this rule: If Link Summoning to the second Extra Monster Zone would create a complete series of Extra Linked Link Monsters, you may Link Summon a monster to that Extra Monster Zone to complete that series. So in the example below, you are allowed to Link Summon a monster to the left-hand Extra Monster Zone if and only if that monster would be co-linked to the left-hand "Firewall Dragon", causing all of the monsters to become Extra Linked.

extra_link_2

Link Monsters can be co-linked on diagonals, an Extra Link with only three monsters is then possible as well.

References:
  1. Official KONAMI's article

3 Summoning

There are several ways to play monsters onto the field. These ways can be categorized into 2 groups: actions that can be done only once per turn, and actions that can be done multiple times per turn:

  1. You can do one of these once per turn:
    • Normal Summon
    • Normal Set
    • Tribute Summon
  2. You can do as many of these during a turn as you want:
    • Flip Summon
    • Special Summon
    • Special Summon with a Card's Effect
References:
  1. Official rulebook page 24

3.1 Normal Summon

This is the most common way to Summon a monster. Simply play a Monster Card from your hand onto the field in face-up Attack Position. All Normal Monsters, and most Effect Monsters (unless they have a specific restriction), can be Summoned in this way[1].

If a Normal Summon is performed, a card that "negates the Normal Summon" can be used in response to that Normal Summon. Even if the Normal Summon is negated, in most cases you cannot perform another Normal Summon/Set[2]:

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 24
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 77

3.1.1 Normal Set

To play a Monster Card from your hand in face-down Defense Position is called a Normal Set[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 24
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 80

3.1.2 Tribute Summon

For monsters that are Level 5 or higher, you must Tribute at least 1 monster you control before the Normal Summon/Set. This is called a Tribute Summon. Monsters that are Level 5 or 6 require 1 Tribute and Monsters that are Level 7 or higher require 2 Tributes[1].

Level 5,6 Level 7 or higher
1 Tribute 2 Tributes
References:
  1. Official rulebook page 24
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 77

3.1.2.1 Tributes for a Tribute Summon

Sending monsters on the field to the Graveyard for a Tribute Summon is called Tributing.

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 79

3.2 Flip Summon

You can change a face-down Defense Position monster into face-up Attack Position, without using a card effect. This is called a Flip Summon[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 25
  2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Solemn Judgment", "Champion's Vigilance", "Rabidragon"

3.3 Special Summon

Some monsters can be played onto the field without being Normal Summoned or Set. This is called a Special Summon[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 25
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 81

3.3.1 Special Summon through requirements

Examples
70095154 Cyber Dragon

If only your opponent controls a monster, you can Special Summon this card (from your hand).
9596126 Chaos Sorcerer

Cannot be Normal Summoned/Set. Must first be Special Summoned (from your hand) by banishing 1 LIGHT and 1 DARK monster from your GY. Once per turn: You can target 1 face-up monster on the field; banish that target. This card cannot attack the turn you activate this effect.
22862454 Proxy Dragon

2 monsters
If a card(s) you control would be destroyed by battle or card effect, you can destroy 1 of your monsters this card points to, instead.

During their Main Phase, once the turn player has priority and they do not wish to activate or resolve an effect, the turn player can Special Summon a monster by meeting the requirements written in that monster's Effect Text[1]. These are monsters that can Special Summon themselves in a special way that doesn't start a Chain, their Special Summon by meeting requirements is also called Built-In Summons. This includes cards like "Cyber Dragon", Link Summons, Xyz Summons, Synchro Summons, and Contact Fusions are also part of this group[2].

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 81-82
  2. "Problem-Solving Card Text, Part 5: Special Summons"

3.3.1.1 Special Summon Monsters and Properly Special Summon

Special Summon Monsters are monsters that cannot be Normal Summoned/Set and are Special Summoned according to the summoning procedure written on the card. Fusion, Ritual, Synchro, Xyz, and Link Monsters are all Special Summon Monsters. In addition to these, there are also monsters that must be Special Summoned by the procedure written in their text[1][3].

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 84
  2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Properly Summoned status and negating Flip Summons
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Special Summon Monster

3.3.2 Special Summon with a Card's Effect

Examples
25259669 Goblindbergh

When this card is Normal Summoned: You can Special Summon 1 Level 4 or lower monster from your hand, also, after that, change this card to Defense Position.
24094653 Polymerization

Fusion Summon 1 Fusion Monster from your Extra Deck, using monsters from your hand or field as material.
97077563 Call of the Haunted

Activate this card by targeting 1 monster in your GY; Special Summon that target in Attack Position. When this card leaves the field, destroy that monster. When that monster is destroyed, destroy this card.

Monsters can also be Special Summoned onto the field through the effect of another card. This is different from "Special Summon Monsters"[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 25
  2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Improper Special Summoning of improperly Special Summoned monsters, from the Spell & Trap Zone
  3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 101-102
  4. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 84
  5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Buerillabaisse de Nouvelles", "Ritual Foregone", "Sauravis, Dragon Sage of the Voiceless Voice"

3.4 Cannot summon - Summon restrictions

Examples
3395226 Mozarta the Melodious Maestra

Once per turn: You can Special Summon 1 LIGHT Fairy-Type monster from your hand. You cannot Special Summon other monsters the turn you activate this effect, except for LIGHT monsters.
19844995 Power Filter

Neither player can Special Summon monsters with 1000 or less ATK.
83326048 Dimensional Barrier

Declare 1 monster card type (Ritual, Fusion, Synchro, Xyz, or Pendulum); for the rest of this turn, neither player can Special Summon monsters of the declared type, also negate the effects of all monsters of that type while they are on the field. You can only activate 1 "Dimensional Barrier" per turn.

Interaction with:

References:
  1. Official KONAMI's 2021 rules update
  2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Solemn Judgment", "Rage with Eyes of Blue"
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Blazewing Butterfly", "Heat Wave"
  4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Property changing and being treated as having Special Summoned monsters with a given property
  5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Monsters being summoned "as a monster with Y property", and restrictions on summoning monsters with/without a specific property X

3.5 Negate Summons

Examples
4810828 Sauravis, the Ancient and Ascended

You can Ritual Summon this card with "Sprite's Blessing". When your opponent activates a card or effect that targets a monster you control (Quick Effect): You can discard this card; negate the activation. When your opponent would Special Summon a monster(s) (Quick Effect): You can return this card to the hand; negate the Special Summon, and if you do, banish that monster(s).
11593137 Chaos Trap Hole

When a LIGHT or DARK monster(s) would be Summoned: Pay 2000 LP; negate the Summon of the LIGHT and DARK monster(s), and if you do, banish it.
98069388 Horn of Heaven

When a monster(s) would be Summoned: Tribute 1 monster; negate the Summon, and if you do, destroy that monster(s).

Interaction with:

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 77
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 79
  3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 81-82
  4. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 81
  5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Properly Summoned status and negating Flip Summons
  6. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 101-102
  7. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: 'sent to the GY as material' and negating summons
  8. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Solemn Judgment", "Destruction Jammer"
  9. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Horn of Heaven", "Chthonian Emperor Dragon"
  10. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 85
  11. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 87
  12. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 95
  13. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 97-98
  14. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Negating delayed Special Summons
  15. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Tenpai Dragon Chundra", "Sauravis, the Ancient and Ascended"
  16. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Timaeus the Knight of Destiny", "Solemn Judgment"

4 Spell cards

4.1 Properties

spell_trap_card
1. Card Name

Remember, cards with the same name are considered to be the same card, and you can only have up to 3 copies of the same card in your Main Deck and Side Deck combined.

2. Type

Instead of having an Attribute symbol like Monster Cards, a Spell Card has the "SPELL 魔" symbol and a Trap Card has the "TRAP 罠" symbol.

3. Icon
spell_trap_icons

There are 6 types of icons that represent special properties a Spell or Trap Card may have. Spell and Trap Cards without an icon are called Normal Spell Cards or Normal Trap Cards.

4. Card Description

Each card's activation conditions and effects are provided here.

5. Card Number

A card's identification number is found here. This number is useful for collecting, and for sorting your collection.

Spell Cards can normally be activated only during your Main Phase, and help you out with different effects. Spell Cards have many powerful effects, like destroying other cards or strengthening monsters. Save these cards in your hand until you can get the best results out of them.

References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 26-27

4.2 Activating and Setting Spell Cards

Activating:

Setting:

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 115-116

4.3 Normal Spell Cards

Normal Spell Cards have single-use effects. To use a Normal Spell Card, announce its activation to your opponent, placing it face-up on the field. If the activation succeeds, then you resolve the effect written on the card. After resolving the effect, send the card to the Graveyard.

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 28

4.4 Ritual Spell Cards

icon_ritual

These Spell Cards are used to perform Ritual Summons. Use these cards in the same way as you would use Normal Spell Cards.


References:
  1. Official rulebook page 29

4.5 Continuous Spell Cards

icon_continuous

These cards remain on the field once they are activated, and their effect continues while the card stays face-up on the field[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 29
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 117-118
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Continuous Effects applying before the effect at activation even begins resolving

4.6 Equip Spell Cards

icon_equip

These cards give an extra effect to 1 face-up monster of your choice (either your own or your opponent's, depending on the card). They remain on the field after they are activated. The Equip Spell Card still occupies one of your Spell & Trap Zones[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 29
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 118-119
  3. Official rulebook page 54
  4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activating an effect that equips does not implicitly target
  5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation Legality of Equip Cards with impossible Continuous Effects
  6. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 165-166

4.7 Field Spell Cards

icon_field

These cards go in your Field Zone and stay there. Each player can have 1 Field Spell Card on their own side of the field. These cards may be placed facedown in the Field Zone, but are not active until flipped face-up[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 29
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 119-120
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: If a Field Spell exists in my Field Zone, can I activate or Set another Field Spell?

4.8 Quick-Play Spell Cards

icon_quick

These are special Spell Cards that can be activated during any Phase of your turn, not just your Main Phase. You can also activate them during your opponent's turn if you Set the card face-down first, but then you cannot activate the card in the same turn you Set it.

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 29
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 120

5 Trap cards

The big difference between Spells and Traps is that you can activate Trap Cards during your opponent's turn. Before you can activate a Trap Card, you must Set it on the field first. You cannot activate a Trap in the same turn that you Set it, but you can activate it at any time after that-starting from the beginning of the next turn.

Furthermore, Spell Cards can be Set face-down on the field like Trap Cards. However, the rules for the two types of cards are different. Spell Cards can be activated during the Main Phases even in the same turn that you Set them (except for Quick-Play Spell Cards). Setting them does not allow you to use them on your opponent's turn; they still can only be activated during your Main Phase.

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 30

5.1 Activating and Setting Trap Cards

Activating:

Setting:

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 122-123

5.2 Normal Trap Cards

Before you can activate a Trap Card, you must Set it on the field first. You cannot activate a Trap in the same turn that you Set it, but you can activate it at any time after that - starting from the beginning of the next turn.

Normal Trap Cards have single-use effects and once their effects are resolved, they will be sent to the Graveyard, just like Normal Spell Cards. They are also similar to Normal Spell Cards because once activated, their effects are not likely to be stopped. However, your opponent can destroy your face-down Trap Cards on the turn they were Set, or before the time is right to activate them.

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 30

5.3 Continuous Trap Cards

icon_continuous

Just like Continuous Spell Cards, Continuous Trap Cards remain on the field once they are activated and their effects continue while they are face-up on the field. Some Continuous Trap Cards have abilities similar to the Ignition Effects or Trigger Effects that can be found on Effect Monster Cards[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 31
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 124-125
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Continuous Effects applying before the effect at activation even begins resolving

5.4 Counter Trap Cards

icon_counter

These Trap Cards are normally activated in response to the activation of other cards, and may have abilities like negating the effects of those cards. These types of Traps are effective against Normal Spell Cards or Normal Trap Cards, which are otherwise hard to stop, however many Counter Trap Cards require a cost to activate them[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 31
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 125

6 Other game elements

6.1 Tokens

73915052 Monster Tokens are monsters that appear on the field as the result of a card's effect, for example "Scapegoat"[1].

Interaction with:

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 49
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 106
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Original ATK of Monster Tokens
  4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "The Golden Apples", "Half Shut"
  5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Skill Drain", "Darklord Asmodeus"
  6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "The Atmosphere" and Tokens
  7. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 86
  8. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 88
  9. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 91
  10. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 95
  11. Official rulebook page 15
  12. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Soul Absorption" and Tokens
  13. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Chaos Scepter Blast", "Kashtira Arise-Heart" and Tokens
  14. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Evenly Matched", "Panther Warrior"
  15. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "S:P Little Knight" more interactions
  16. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 168-169
  17. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Prohibition" and Tokens
  18. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Tokens placed in the Spell & Trap Zone have the ATK printed on the card that Special Summoned the Token
  19. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Fairy Tail - Luna" and Tokens
  20. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 132-133
  21. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Tokens cannot be Special Summoned from the Spell & Trap Zone
  22. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Divine Temple of the Snake-Eye"

6.1.1 Conjunction success for Tokens

If a Token's (1) properties (Attribute, Type, ATK, DEF and/or Level...) satisfy a certain card's (2) activation requirement and (2) requires to banish a Monster with those properties, (2) can be activated. If (1) is banished because of (2)'s cost, (2) resolves normally even if (1) original properties were not originally the one necessary to fulfil the activation of (2)[1]. Examples:

References:
  1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Banishing a Token is a conjunction success
  2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Heavenly Dragon Circle" and Tokens
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Cyber Valley" and Tokens
  4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Archfiend Palabyrinth" and Tokens

6.2 Counters

counter A counter is a marker that may need to place on cards for some card effects[1].

Interaction with:

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 51
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 171-172
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Placing a counter affects the monster

7 General Game Mechanics

7.1 Rules vs. Card Effects

If there is a discrepancy between the basic rules and a card's effect, the card effect takes precedence. For example, a monster can only attack once per turn, but with a card effect, it is possible to attack twice.

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 50

7.2 Battle Position

Aside from Link Monsters, cards in the Monster Zones are placed on the field in either face-up Attack Position, face-up Defense Position, or face-down Defense Position.

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 104

7.2.1 Face-up Attack Position

Monster Cards placed in a Monster Zone vertically and face-up are in face-up Attack Position.

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 104

7.2.2 Face-up Defense Position

Monster Cards placed in a Monster Zone horizontally and face-up are in face-up Defense Position.

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 104

7.2.3 Face-down Defense Position

Monsters placed on the field in a Monster Zone horizontally and face-down are in face-down Defense Position[1].

If used as materials:

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 105-106
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 79, 85
  3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 87
  4. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 88, 90
  5. Official rulebook pages 20-21
  6. Official rulebook pages 18-19
  7. Official rulebook pages 12-15

7.2.4 Changing the battle positions of monsters

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 106

7.3 Damage

Examples
72336818 Pentestag

2 Effect Monsters
If your linked monster attacks a Defense Position monster, inflict piercing battle damage to your opponent.

19523799 Ookazi

Inflict 800 damage to your opponent.
67095270 Dimension Wall

Activate only when an opponent's monster declares an attack. Instead of you, your opponent takes the Battle Damage you would have taken from this battle.
References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 164

7.3.1 Battle Damage

Damage inflicted to the LP as a result of monsters battling is called battle damage. To reiterate:

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 192

7.3.1.1 Determining Battle Damage and Battle Destruction

You calculate battle damage based on the battle position of the monster you are attacking. If you attack an Attack Position monster, compare ATK vs. ATK. If you attack a Defense Position monster, compare your monster's ATK vs. the attacked monster's DEF[1].

ATK. of the attacking Monster VS. ATK of Opponent's Monster[1]
WIN When your attacking monster's ATK is higher than the ATK of the opponent's monster, the attacking monster destroys the opponent's monster and sends it to the Graveyard. The amount that your attacking monster's ATK exceeds the ATK of your opponent's monster is subtracted from your opponent's LP as battle damage.
TIE When your attacking monster's ATK is equal to the ATK of the opponent's monster, the result is considered a tie, and both monsters are destroyed. Neither player takes any battle damage.
Monsters with 0 ATK cannot destroy anything by battle. If two Attack Position monsters with 0 ATK battle each other, neither monster is destroyed. (Official rulebook page 50)
LOSE When your attacking monster's ATK is lower than the ATK of the opponent's monster, the attacking monster is destroyed and sent to the Graveyard. The amount that the opponent's monster's ATK exceeds the ATK of your attacking monster is subtracted from your LP as battle damage.
ATK. of the attacking Monster VS. DEF of Opponent's Monster[1]
WIN When your attacking monster's ATK is higher than the DEF of the opponent's monster, the attacking monster destroys the opponent's monster and sends it to the Graveyard. Neither player takes any battle damage.
TIE When your attacking monster's ATK is equal to the DEF of the opponent's monster, neither monster is destroyed. Neither player takes any battle damage.
LOSE When your attacking monster's ATK is lower than the DEF of the opponent's monster, neither monster is destroyed. The amount that the opponent's monster's DEF exceeds the ATK of your attacking monster is subtracted from your LP as battle damage.

If there are no monsters on your opponent's side of the field, you can attack directly. The full amount of your attacking monster's ATK is subtracted from the opponent's LP as battle damage[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 42-43, 50

7.3.1.2 Modifying Battle Damage

There also exist effects that modify battle damage by doubling it, make your opponent take it instead, reduce it to zero, gain life points instead of taking it and so on. In such cases battle damage is determined by considering different types of effects in the following order[1]:

  1. This card inflicts double battle damage (this phrasing exactly with "this card" as object of the phrase, in Japanese it is "倍の戦闘ダメージを与える").
  2. Battle damage is taken by both players.
  3. Battle damage you take is also inflicted to your opponent / your opponent takes any battle damage you would take instead.
  4. Battle damage is treated as effect damage.
  5. The player gains Life Points instead of taking battle damage.
  6. Battle damage becomes 0.
  7. Battle damage is halved.
    • Multiple effects that halve battle damage do not stack when they are applying at the same time[2].
      Example Question:
      I have previously resolved "Pot of Prosperity" this turn, causing all damage my opponent takes to be halved. If I now attack directly with "Masked HERO Anki" (ATK 2800) using to its own effect, which also causes battle damage inflicted to my opponent to be halved. Do these two effects stack?
      Answer:
      The effect of "Pot of Prosperity" that halves damage taken by the opponent, and the effect of "Masked HERO Anki" that halves battle damage inflicted to the opponent, do not stack. (Damage will not be halved again.)
      Therefore, regardless of whether your opponent controls a monster or not, if your "Masked HERO Anki" attacks directly in the situation given above, your opponent will take half the battle damage they would usually take, i.e., 1400 damage.
  8. Battle damage is doubled (either this phrasing exactly with "battle damage" as subject of the phrase, or "Double any battle damage your opponent takes", in Japanese it is "戦闘ダメージは倍になる").
  9. Battle damage becomes [value].
  10. You do not take battle damage if it is more or less than [value] (however, note that if the Battle Damage has become 0 when applying "06" effects, the remaining effects are not applied).

Take as an example "Ohime the Manifested Mikanko" (effect type "03") equipped with "Double-Edged Sword" (effect type "02"), so that "Ohime the Manifested Mikanko"'s ATK is 2000[1]:

References:
  1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Ohime the Manifested Mikanko", "Double-Edged Sword"
  2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Masked HERO Anki", "Pot of Prosperity"

7.3.2 Effect Damage

Damage inflicted to the LP as a result of an effect is called effect damage.

References:
  1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Inflicting zero damage is still something that happened

7.4 Control/Possess/Own

The controller of a card is the player who is using that card [1]. For effects of cards, the player who activates that effect is the controller. When an effect resolves, "you/the opponent" is seen from the point of view of the controller of that effect [1].

Example Even if you activate the effect of "Raiden, Hand of the Lightsworn" that says " You can send the top 2 cards of your Deck to the GY" and the opponent activates "Enemy Controller" in a chain, taking control of "Raiden, Hand of the Lightsworn", it is you, the player who activated the effect of "Raiden, Hand of the Lightsworn", that resolves it.

If a player takes control of a card from their opponent, move it to the new controller's side of the field. If sent to the Graveyard, or returned to the hand or Deck, it is always returned to the Graveyard/hand/Deck of the original owner[2].

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 128
  2. Official rulebook page 53
  3. Yugipedia

7.5 Public and Private Knowledge

The following are public knowledge, both players can verify these things at any time and if asked, you must answer these things to your opponent truthfully[1]:

The following are private knowledge:

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 50
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 42
  3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 47
  4. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 52
  5. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 53
  6. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 105-106
  7. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 116, 123

7.6 Decimal Values

If LP or ATK/DEF are halved by some effect, so that the result has decimal values, the calculation is rounded up[1].

Example Question:
If an effect that of like "Blackwing - Gale the Whirlwind"'s effect halves an ATK of "725" to "362.5", how is the decimal place value calculated?
Answer:
If an effect that of like "Blackwing - Gale the Whirlwind"'s effect causes an ATK or DEF to have a decimal place value, that value is rounded to the nearest whole number.
Therefore, if a value of "362.5" occurs due to "Blackwing - Gale the Whirlwind"'s effect, it becomes "363"[2].

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 128
  2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Blackwing - Gale the Whirlwind"

7.7 Values equal or lower to 0

If the ATK or DEF values are reduced by some effect and the final result would be equal or lower to 0, the value becomes 0. Also, if the reduced value would be referenced, the actual value that was modified is referenced.

Example If a 1000 ATK monster would have its ATK reduced by 1400 by the effect of "Black-Winged Dragon" that says "that target loses 700 ATK for each Black Feather Counter you removed, and if it does, inflict damage to your opponent equal to the ATK lost by this effect.", the ATK of that monster becomes 0 as a result, and 1000 damage is inflicted to the opponent as a result.

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 129

7.8 Chains

To activate is to use a card or effect in a way that makes a Chain Link[1].

Chains are a way to order the resolution of multiple card effects. They are used when the effects of more than 1 card are activated at once, or when a player wants to use an effect after a card has been played, but BEFORE that card has an effect on the game[2].

If a card's effect is activated, the opponent is always given a chance to respond with a card effect of their own, creating a Chain. If your opponent responds with an effect, then you can choose to respond and add another effect to the Chain. If your opponent does not respond, you may activate a second effect and create a Chain to your own card's activation. Both players continue to add effects to the Chain until they both wish to add nothing else, then you resolve the outcome in reverse order - starting with the last card that was activated[2].

chain_diagram

As shown in the diagram, the first effect activated is Chain Link 1. The next effect is Chain Link 2, and so on. Every time a new Chain Link is made, they are stacked up in the order that the cards are activated. Once the Chain is completed, the outcome is resolved starting with the most recent card to be activated at the top of the Chain and proceeding down to Chain Link 1[2].

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 28
  2. Official rulebook page 44

7.8.1 Spell Speed

Every type of card effect has a Spell Speed between 1 and 3. If you want to respond to a card effect in a Chain, you have to use an effect with Spell Speed 2 or higher, and it cannot have a lower Spell Speed than the effect you are responding to. Spell, Trap, and Effect Monster effects have different Spell Speeds. There are Spell Speeds from 1 to 3. You can only respond with an effect if it is Spell Speed 2 or higher, and has an equal or greater Spell Speed than the effect on the Chain Link before it.

Spell Speed 1 Includes:
  • Spells (Normal, Equip, Continuous, Field, Ritual),
  • Effect Monster's effects (Ignition, Trigger, and Flip)
This is the slowest of all Spell Speeds. These cards cannot be activated in response to any other effects. Typically, these effects cannot be Chain Link 2 or higher, unless multiple Spell Speed 1 effects are activated simultaneously.
Spell Speed 2 Includes:
  • Traps (Normal, Continuous)
  • Quick-Play Spells
  • Effect Monster's Quick Effects
These cards can be used to respond to a Spell Speed 1 or 2 effect, and can typically be activated during any phase.
Spell Speed 3 Includes:
  • Counter Trap
This is the fastest of all Spell Speeds and can be used to respond to a card of any Spell Speed. Only another Spell Speed 3 card may be used to respond to these cards.
References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 44-45

7.8.2 Actions which cannot be Chained to

You can only create a Chain by responding to the activation of a card or effect. Summoning a monster, Tributing, changing a monster's battle position and paying costs are not effect activations and therefore you cannot respond to those actions using a Chain.

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 51

7.8.3 Cards are sent to the Graveyard only at chain resolution

Cards are sent to the Graveyard only at chain resolution.

Example Question:
During my opponent's Battle Phase, I activate the effect of "Escalation of the Monarchs". Furthermore, I chain "Heavy Storm Duster" and target 2 of my opponent's Spell/Trap Cards to destroy.
In this situation, when I perform a Tribute Summon due to the effect of "Escalation of the Monarchs", can I Tribute "Escalation of the Monarchs" and "Heavy Storm Duster" to Tribute Summon "Vision HERO Witch Raider"?
Answer:
"Vision HERO Witch Raider" is a Level 8 monster that requires 2 Tributes, but you can also Tribute Trap Cards on your field as well as monsters when Tribute Summoning it. In this scenario, when the effect of "Escalation of the Monarchs" is applied and the Tribute Summon is performed, there are 2 Trap Cards on your field, so you may Tribute them to Tribute Summon "Vision HERO Witch Raider" face-up.

References:
  1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Immediately-afters and cards being sent to the GY at chain resolution

7.8.4 Events are not responded to until the chain has resolved

Events are not responded to until the chain has resolved.

Example Question:
My opponent activates the effect of "Vision HERO Faris" that Special Summons it from the hand, by discarding a "Vision HERO Vyon" from their hand. In this situation, when can I activate "Consolation Prize"?
Answer:
If a monster is sent from the hand to the Graveyard as the cost of activating another card effect as in this scenario, "Consolation Prize" cannot be activated by chaining to that card effect. After that activated effect resolves, "Consolation Prize" can be activated in a new Chain.
Therefore, in this situation, when your opponent activates the second effect of "Vision HERO Faris" that places a "Vision HERO" monster from their Deck face-up in their Spell & Trap Zone, you can chain "Consolation Prize". (If your opponent does not activate the second effect of "Vision HERO Faris", you can activate "Consolation Prize" as Chain Link 1.)

References:
  1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Events are not responded to until the chain has resolved

7.9 Fast effect timing

Fast effects are card activations and effects with a Spell Speed of 2 or higher, including monster Quick Effects, Quick-Play Spell Cards, and Trap Cards (which includes both activating Trap Cards, and activating the effects of things like Continuous Trap Cards).

Fast effects can be activated by either player - even during their opponent's turn, as long as the conditions are appropriate. When both players want to activate fast effects at the same time, they are placed on a Chain.

Sometimes, it can make a big difference WHO places their fast effect on the Chain first: this can determine who "goes next".

Follow the chart to see which player can "go next" regarding fast effects.

References:
  1. Official KONAMI's rule

7.9.1 Game state and Turn Player Actions

Each Phase and Step starts with the turn player in box A of the chart listed below. This is when the game state is "open", meaning the turn player has complete freedom of action.

Many actions can ONLY be performed when the game state is open (when you're in box A). Examples:

If the game state is "open", the turn player may perform any of the above actions that is appropriate. They can also choose to activate a fast effect, if they wish.

Whenever either player performs an action, the game state is no longer open, but "closed". If the game state is "closed", then only fast effects can be activated, dependent on Fast Effect Timing rules.

When nothing is going on, and neither player wishes to do anything, the game state goes back to being "open". Technically, this means:

References:
  1. Official KONAMI's article

7.9.2 Moving to the Next Phase or Step

If the game state is open, and the turn player chooses not to do anything, and the opponent waives the chance to activate a fast effect, and both players agree to have the turn proceed, then you move to the next Phase or Step.

Status Are we now in a Chain? Who "goes next"? Where are we on the chart?
The game state is open. The turn player gets to take the next action, and can take any action that is appropriate for that phase/step. No Turn Player A
After an action that does NOT start a Chain
(Normal Summon/Set  of a monster, Set a Card, Special Summon that does not start a Chain, declare an attack, change battle position, etc). 		If there is an effect that is triggered. Yes The player who did NOT activate the last effect on the Chain. D
If there is no effect that can be triggered. No Turn Player B
If the Turn Player passes. No Opponent C
Turn player activates a card or card effect
(Spells, Traps, Spell/Trap effects, or Monster Card effects - of any Spell Speed)
 Yes The player who did NOT activate the effect. D
After a Chain resolves If there is an effect that is triggered. Yes The player who did NOT activate the last effect on the Chain. D
If there is no effect that can be triggered. No Turn Player B
If the Turn Player passes. No Opponent C
Turn player passes No Opponent E
fast_effect_timing_flowchart
References:
  1. Official KONAMI's rule

7.9.3 Turn Player's Priority

The turn player always starts with Priority, or the choice to activate a card first, in each phase or step of their turn. As long as the turn player has Priority, the opponent cannot activate cards or effects, except for effects that activate automatically, like Trigger or Flip effects. The turn player can either:

A player must pass Priority to the opponent when moving on to the next phase or step. Strictly speaking, you would always declare that you're passing Priority before the end of every phase and step, and ask your opponent if they wish to play a card. However, for ease of play, announcing the end of your phases or steps implies giving up Priority. Therefore, when announcing the end of a phase, your opponent can just say "Before the end of your phase, I activate this card" and use a card.

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 48

7.9.4 Simultaneous Effects

7.9.4.1 Perform actions simultaneously

For cases like "Each player targets 1 monster," where both players resolve an effect simultaneously, the turn player resolves the effect first. In this example, after the turn player makes their selection, the other player makes theirs.

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 50

7.9.4.2 Simultaneous Effects Go On Chain (SEGOC)

If effects of Spell Speed 1 cards (like Trigger Effects) are activated at the same time, they will be resolved in a special Chain. This Chain is made starting with the turn player's mandatory effects. If there is only 1 effect, that will be Chain Link 1.

If there are 2 or more effects:

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 50

7.9.4.3 Mandatory Quick Effects and SEGOC

References:
  1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Mandatory Quick Effects + SEGOC
  2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Mandatory Quick Effects + SEGOC #2
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Light and Darkness Dragon" and "Doomcaliber Knight"

7.9.5 Missing the Timing, If vs When: Effects that Meet Their Activation Requirements in the Middle of the Resolution of an Effect or Chain

If the Trigger Effect of a monster, or the effects of Spell/Trap Cards that activate with a specific timing, meet their timing during the resolution of a card or a chain, whether they can activate or not varies depending on 3 cases if they say "activate", "if [event] you can" or "when [event] you can"[1].

  1. Effects that say "activate if/when [event]" must activate (mandatory effect). As a result, if a chain or another card effect is resolving at the particular timing in which they activate, they activate after those resolutions are over[1].
    Example If "Felgrand Dragon" is Special Summoned by a "Call of the Haunted" activated in a chain to a Normal Spell Card, the effect of the Normal Spell Card resolves immediately after the Special Summon. Afterwards, the effect of "Felgrand Dragon" that says "Target 1 monster in your Graveyard; this card gains ATK equal to that monster's Level x 200." activates mandatorily.
  2. Effects that say "if [event] you can" can be activated if their meet their activation requirements during the resolution of other cards. If an "if [event] you can" effect meets its activation timing during the resolution of an effect/chain, you can choose to activate them after all those effects/chains finish resolving[1].
    Example If "Divine Dragon Lord Felgrand" is Special Summoned by a "Call of the Haunted" activated in a chain to a Normal Spell Card, the effect of the Normal Spell Card resolves immediately after the Special Summon. Afterwards, the effect of "Divine Dragon Lord Felgrand" that says "If this card is Special Summoned from the Graveyard: You can target 1 monster your opponent controls or in their Graveyard; banish it" can be activated.
  3. Effects that say "when [event] you can" (optional effect) can only be activated during that timing[1]. They must activate their effects immediately when that something occurs. If they cannot, or something happens between the time the condition is met and the next time cards or effects can be activated, then you miss your chance to use them[2]. Examples and scenarios:
    • If "Magma Dragon" is Special Summoned by a "Call of the Haunted" activated in a chain to a Normal Spell Card (the activated Trap is Chain Link 2 or higher), since the effect of the Normal Spell Card resolves immediately after the Special Summon, the effect of "Magma Dragon" that says "When this card is Special Summoned: You can target 1 Wyrm-Type monster in your Graveyard, except "Magma Dragon"; Special Summon it in Defense Position, but its effects are negated." cannot be activated[1].
    • If monsters are Tributed (for a Tribute[4] or Ritual[5] Summon) or sent to the Graveyard to meet a Special Summon monster's summoning requirements (including Fusion[6], Synchro, Link), the Special Summon of the monster is performed afterwards. For that reason, optional Trigger Effects that read "when it is sent to the Graveyard, you can do [effect]" that can be activated in that timing cannot be activated during that procedure[3]. Examples:
      • When "Gusto Falco" is used as a Material for a Synchro Summon, that "Gusto Falco" is sent to the Graveyard as a Material, but since the Special Summon of the Synchro Monster is performed afterwards, its effect that says "When this face-up card on the field is sent to the Graveyard, except by battle: You can Special Summon 1 "Gusto" monster from your Deck in face-down Defense Position." cannot be activated[3].
      • If "The Tricky" is Special Summoned by sending "Archfiend of Gilfer" from the hand to the Graveyard, "Archfiend of Gilfer"'s effect that says "You can target 1 face-up monster on the field; equip that target with this card." cannot be activated as the last action that happened is the summon of "The Tricky" and not "Archfiend of Gilfer" being sent to the Graveyard[3].
    • Even if the effect of an activated card is negated, that effect is negated but its resolution is still treated as being performed so for example while the effect of "Royal Decree" that says "Negate all other Trap Card effects on the field." is being applied, if "Raigeki Break" is activated by discarding "Archfiend of Gilfer" as a cost, the effect of "Raigeki Break" is negated, but since the timing is treated as that effect being resolved, the effect of the discarded "Archfiend of Gilfer" that says "When this card is sent to the Graveyard: You can target 1 face-up monster on the field; equip that target with this card." cannot be activated[7].
References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 134-136
  2. Insert from Saga of Blue-Eyes White Dragon Structure Deck
  3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 81-82
  4. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 77
  5. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 86
  6. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 88
  7. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 155

7.10 Forbidden & Limited Cards

Normally, your Deck (including Extra Deck and Side Deck) can contain up to 3 copies of a card that has the same name. However, certain cards have specific quantity restrictions that further limit the number that can be included in a Deck. There are 3 types of restrictions:

The list of Forbidden and Limited cards is updated regularly and is posted on the Yu-Gi-Oh! TCG Official Website. This list is applied to official tournaments so please check it before participating. Official Website: www.yugioh-card.com

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 49
  2. Official TCG F&L list

8 Duel and Turn Structure

A single game is called a Duel, and a Duel ends when one player wins or the game ends in a draw. Duels are played in sets of 3 called a Match, and the winner of best 2-out-of-3 wins the Match.

A Duel progresses in a series of turns which are divided into phases

turn_structure
References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 32-34

8.1 Winning a Duel

Each player starts a Duel with 8000 LP (Life Points)[1]. You win a Duel if:

References:
  1. Official rulebook pages 32-34
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 43

8.1.1 Life Points (LP)

Both players have 8000 LP when the Duel begins.

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 43

8.1.2 Text that specifies Special/Alternate Victory Conditions

Examples
33396948 Exodia the Forbidden One

If you have "Right Leg of the Forbidden One", "Left Leg of the Forbidden One", "Right Arm of the Forbidden One" and "Left Arm of the Forbidden One" in addition to this card in your hand, you win the Duel.
44910027 Victory Dragon

This card cannot be Special Summoned. To Tribute Summon this card, you must Tribute 3 Dragon-Type monsters. If this card attacks your opponent directly and reduces their Life Points to 0, you win the Match.
95308449 Final Countdown

Pay 2000 Life Points. After 20 turns have passed after you activate this card (counting the turn you activate this card as the 1st turn), you win the Duel.

Text that directly affects the state of the game like "you win the Duel" or "you win the Match" is text that is not an effect[1].

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 179
  2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Exodia the Forbidden One", "Graceful Charity"
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Victory conditions and immediately-afters
  4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Exodia the Forbidden One", "Morphing Jar"

8.2 Draw Phase

This is the first phase.

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 35
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 182
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: You cannot give up your Normal Draw if there are no cards in your Deck

8.3 Standby Phase

Some cards have effects that activate, or costs you must pay, in the Standby Phase[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 35
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 183
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Albion the Branded Dragon", "S:P Little Knight"

8.4 Main Phase 1

This is when you play most of your cards: you can Normal Summon, Set, or change the battle position of a monster, activate a card's effect, and Set Spell and Trap Cards. These actions can be done in any order you want, but some actions have restrictions[1]. The turn player:

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 36
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 184

8.5 Battle Phase

In this phase monsters can perform attacks[1].

bp_steps
References:
  1. Official rulebook page 37
  2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: It is not possible to move straight to the End Step without entering the Battle Step

8.5.1 Start Step

This step starts the Battle Phase. The turn player should announce "I'm entering the Battle Phase." Remember, the player who goes first cannot conduct a Battle Phase in their very first turn.

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 38

8.5.2 Battle Step

Select 1 monster on your side of the field to attack with, and 1 of your opponent's monsters as your attack target, and then declare the attack. If your opponent does not have any monsters on the field, you can attack directly. Play then proceeds to the Damage Step. Afterwards, the attacking player returns to the Battle Step, and repeats this procedure[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 38
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 185-186
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: After attacking with all monsters, can you activate a card or effect before moving to the End Step?"

8.5.2.1 Attack Declaration

An attack declaration is performed in the following sequence:

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 185-186

8.5.2.2 Replay Rules during the Battle Step

batte_step_replay

After you've announced your attacking monster and the attack target monster during a Battle Step, the attack target might be removed from the field, or a new monster may be played onto the opponent's side of the field before the Damage Step, due to a card's effect. This causes a "Replay". When this occurs, you can choose to attack with the same monster again, or choose to attack with a different monster, or choose not to attack at all[1].

Note that if you attack with a different monster, the first monster is still considered to have declared an attack, and it cannot attack again this turn[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 39
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 186-187

8.5.3 Damage Step

In this step, the players calculate the result of the battle and whatever damage is done. After finishing the Damage Step, return to the Battle Step[1].

Even if the number of monsters the opponent controls changes during the Damage Step, a replay is not triggered[2].

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 38
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 189

8.5.3.1 Sub-steps of the Damage Step

There are five distinct timings within the Damage Step.

  1. Start of the Damage Step
  2. Before damage calculatin
  3. Damage calculation
  4. After damage calculation
  5. End of the Damage Step
Sequence What happens What can/cannot activate What can/cannot apply
Start of the Damage Step
  • You declare that you are entering the Damage Step[1]
  • Face-down monsters are not flipped[1]
✔️ "at the start of the Damage Step" ("without applying damage calculation" old texts)[1]

✔️ Spell/Trap Cards and Quick/Quick-like Effects that directly alter the ATK/DEF[2][3] 		✔️ "during the Damage Step (only)"[1]
Before damage calculation
  • If the monster being attacked is face-down, flip it face-up[1]
✔️ "before damage calculation"[1]

✔️ Spell/Trap Cards and Quick/Quick-like Effects that directly alter the ATK/DEF[2][3]

❌ Effects that activate when a monsters is flipped face-up: won't activate as well after damage calculation if the flipped monster itself leaves the Monster Zone before then ("Drillroid" will destroy without triggering Flip effects)[2][3] 		✔️ If a monster is flipped face-up and it has a Continuous Effect, then typically that Continuous Effect is applied immediately, such as the effects of monsters like "Star Boy" and "Jinzo"[4][5]

❌ Continuous Effect that would prevent the flipped monster from being targeted for attacks are not relevant at this time, since the monster has already been targeted as an attack target[6]. If the monster survives the Damage Step, its effect will prevent itself from being targeted by any future attacks

❌ Continuous Effects that would prevent the flipped monster from being attacked or the attacking monster from attacking (such as the effects of "Machina Sniper" and "Big-Tusked Mammoth") do not apply at this time, since the Battle Step is already over[7][8]. If the monster survives the Damage Step, its effect will protect itself from any future attacks

❌ Continuous Effect that destroys itself under certain conditions that are currently met (such as "Giant Kozaky", "Zombie Mammoth", etc)., the monster is not destroyed yet and the Damage Step proceeds normally, until after damage calculation[9][10]. The same applies if "Rivalry of Warlords" or "Gozen Match", or if there is an active 'Unclassified Effect' (belonging either to the flipped monster or another face-up monster) that states "You can only control 1 [X]" or "There can only be 1 [X] on the field"; the appropriate actions are determined and performed after damage calculation[11][12]
Perform damage calculation
  • Compare ATK/DEF and apply damage to Life Points
  • Determine whether either monster will be destroyed by battle or not, but do not send it to the GY yet[1][3]
    If there is a Continuous/Continuous-like Effect or Unclassified Effect that has the player perform a certain action instead of the monster being destroyed by this battle "Return of the Dragon Lords" banishing itself from the GY instead of destroying the monster), the relevant player must choose (at this point) whether or not they will use it. If they do, that action is not performed right at that time; instead, it will be applied immediately after damage calculation ("Return of the Dragon Lords" would be banished after damage calculation)
✔️ "during damage calculation"[1]

❌ Effects that activate when a monsters is flipped face-up: won't activate after damage calculation if the flipped monster itself leaves the Monster Zone before then ("Drillroid" will destroy without triggering FLIP effects)

❌ Spell/Trap Cards and Quick/Quick-like Effects that directly alter the ATK/DEF[2][3]. In general, they can no longer be activated at this point or for the rest of this Damage Step 		✔️ "during damage calculation (only)", applied immediately
After damage calculation
  • Monsters that have been considered to be destroyed by battle are still not sent to the GY yet[1][3]. Even though the monsters are still on the field:
    • They cannot be targeted by cards or effects, have their battle positions changed, or have their ATK/DEF changed[2][3][13][14]
    • Their Continuous Effects are no longer applied[3][15]
    • Their optional Quick Effects can no longer be activated[16]
    • They cannot be returned to the hand by card effects[17], unless a card effect specifies that it can return destroyed monsters (such as "Last Minute Cancel"), but even then the destroyed monster will not be returned yet
    • Their effects can still be negated[18]
    • Before those monsters would be sent to the GY (or another appropriate location) as a result of being destroyed by battle, it is possible for them to be destroyed by card effects, sent to the GY by card effects, or banished by card effects before that can occur[19][20]
    • If a monster ends up leaving the field ("Gozen Match") before it can be sent to the GY (or another appropriate location) as a result of battle, cards and effects that would activate when/if that monster is destroyed by battle and sent to the GY cannot be activated[12][21]
    • They cannot be used as a cost to activate a card or an optional effect[22][25]. But they can be used as a cost to activate a mandatory effect, such as "Doomcaliber Knight"[23]
✔️ "after damage calculation"[1][3]

✔️ "this card battles" or "attacks or is attacked"[1]

✔️ If a player takes battle damage such as "Don Zaloog"[1]

✔️ If a monster is flipped face-up (including Flip effects)[1] 		✔️ If a monster with a Continuous Effect that destroys itself under certain conditions ("Giant Kozaky", "Zombie Mammoth", etc). survives damage calculation without being determined to be "destroyed by battle", that Continuous Effect will immediately apply at this point and destroy that monster if those conditions are still met[9]

✔️ If a monster was flipped face-up during the Damage Step and "Rivalry of Warlords"/"Gozen Match" is still active, if that monster has a Attribute/Type that conflicts with another monster already face-up on the field, the flipped monster will immediately be sent to the Graveyard at this point[12](but Flip Effects will not activate[26])

✔️ If a monster was flipped face-up during the Damage Step and its name conflicts with another monster that is already face-up on the field, as defined by an 'Unclassified Effect' that states "You can only control 1 [X]" or "There can only be 1 [X] on the field" (belonging either to the flipped monster or another face-up monster), the flipped monster will be immediately destroyed[11]
End of the Damage Step
  • Monsters that were determined to be destroyed by battle are now normally sent to the GY, unless they are Pendulum Monsters or if a card effect states otherwise[1]
  • Once there are no effects left to activate or resolve, the Damage Step ends, and the Battle Step is automatically re-entered. At the time both players agree to enter the Battle Step, effects that apply "until the end of the Damage Step" now expire and no longer apply[1]
✔️ "at the end of the Damage Step"[1]

✔️ When/if a monster is destroyed by battle[1]

✔️ When/if a monster destroys another monster by battle[1]

References:
  1. Official KONAMI's damage step rules
  2. Official rulebook Version 10
  3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 188-193
  4. "Goblin King" ruling, archived from the original
  5. "Embodiment of Apophis" ruling, archived from the original
  6. "Morphtronic Magnen" ruling, archived from the original
  7. "Big-Tusked Mammoth", ruling, archived from the original
  8. "Machina Sniper" ruling, archived from the original
  9. "Giant Kozaky" ruling, archived from the original
  10. "Zombie Mammoth" ruling, archived from the original
  11. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Malefic Blue-Eyes White Dragon" can only control 1
  12. "Rivalry of Warlords" and "Gozen Match" rulings, archived from the original
  13. "Dark Cat with White Tail" ruling, archived from the original
  14. "Kangaroo Champ" ruling, archived from the original
  15. "Ancient Gear Golem" ruling, archived from the original
  16. "Infernoid Devyaty" ruling
  17. "Wall of Illusion" ruling, archived from the original
  18. "Wattsquirrel" ruling, archived from the original
  19. "Blackwing - Boreas the Sharp" ruling, archived from the original
  20. "Ally of Justice Unknown Crusher" ruling, archived from the original
  21. "Red Dragon Archfiend" ruling, archived from the original
  22. "Stardust Dragon" ruling, archived from the original
  23. "Doomcaliber Knight" ruling, archived from the original
  24. Official KONAMI's FAQ of "Rivalry of Warlords" and "Gozen Match"
  25. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Determined-to-be-destroyed monsters and paying costs
  26. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Rivalry of Warlords" and face-down monsters
  27. Yugipedia

8.5.3.2 Cards/effects that can be activated during the Damage Step

✔️ Counter Trap Cards[2][3]

✔️ Mandatory effects[3]

✔️ Fast effects that negate the activation of a card(s), or negate the activation of an effect(s)[3][4][5]

✔️ Spell/Trap Cards and Quick/Quick-like Effects that directly alter the ATK/DEF of a monster(s), but only up until damage calculation. During damage calculation or afterwards in the Damage Step, they cannot be activated[2][3]

✔️ These cards and effects do not have to affect a battling monster; they can be used during the Damage Step to affect the ATK/DEF of a monster(s) that is not currently battling[6]

❌ Optional Spell/Trap Cards and Quick/Quick-like Effects that can indirectly change the ATK/DEF of a monster (such as "Reverse Trap" or "Skill Drain") cannot be activated during the Damage Step for that reason alone[7][8]

✔️ Trap Cards that equip themselves to monsters and have Continuous-like Effects that directly alter the ATK/DEF of the equipped monster, such as "Horn of the Phantom Beast", can be activated during the Damage Step for that reason alone[9]

❌ Cards like "Half or Nothing", which might not alter ATK/DEF at resolution, cannot be activated during the Damage Step for that reason alone[10]

❌ Cards such as "Powerful Rebirth" and "Reverse of Neos", which Special Summon a monster and exclusively modify the ATK/DEF of that Summoned monster, cannot be activated during the Damage Step for that reason alone[11]

✔️ If a Set Continuous Trap Card has an optional Quick-like Effect that directly alters the ATK/DEF of a monster(s) (such as "Attack of the Cornered Rat"), that Trap Card can be activated during the Damage Step until damage calculation, but only if that Quick-like Effect is activated and resolved in the same Chain Link as the activation of the Trap Card itself[12]

✔️ Continuous Trap Cards with Continuous-like Effects that directly alter the ATK/DEF of a monster(s), such as "Fire Formation - Kaiyo", can be activated during the Damage Step until damage calculation[13]

✔️ Such Trap Cards can be activated even if their relevant Continuous-like Effect would not affect any monsters, such as activating "Dark Contract with the Witch" during your own turn or while you control no Fiend-Type monsters, or activating "Unpossessed" when a monster other than a "Familiar-Possessed" monster is attacking

✔️ Such Trap Cards can be activated even if their relevant Continuous-like Effect only applies an ATK/DEF change under particular conditions and those conditions are not currently met (such as activating "Chosen of Zefra" while there are fewer than 3 "Zefra" monsters face-up in your Extra Deck), unless that condition could never be met during the Damage Step (such as "Swift Samurai Storm!")[14]

❌ Even if a Continuous Trap Card can be activated during the Damage Step due to having a Continuous-like Effect that alters ATK/DEF, if it also has a Quick-like Effect that can be activated in the same Chain Link as the activation of the Trap Card itself (such as "Dark Contract with the Witch"), that Quick-like Effect cannot be activated at the same time as the Trap Card's activation during the Damage Step, unless it has another valid reason allowing it to be activated during the Damage Step[15]

❌ Unique exceptions are "Evil Blast"[16], "Scrap Sheen"[17] (TCG only), "Zero Force"[18], "Curse of Anubis"[19], and the Quick-like Effect of "Rocket Hand"[20], which have rulings stating that they cannot be activated during the Damage Step.

❌ Unlike Quick/Quick-like Effects, having the effect of directly altering the ATK/DEF of a monster(s) does not permit optional Trigger/Trigger-like Effects to be activated during the Damage Step, with examples being "Morpho Butterspy"[21]and "Performapal Turn Toad"

✔️ Optional Trigger and Trigger-like Effects if that effect activates in response to the card itself is Special Summoned successfully, being moved to a different location (destroyed, banished, added to the hand, etc.), being flipped face-up including Flip effects, or having its battle position changed[3][22] can be activated during the Damage Step, unless the effect performs a Normal[23]or Fusion Summon[24]

❌ In general, other optional Trigger and Trigger-like Effects that have activation conditions that can be met both during and outside the Damage Step cannot be activated. For cards that have Problem-Solving Card Text, these normally state "(except during the Damage Step)" (for example "Fallen of Albaz") in their activation conditions. Otherwise, these effects are associated with activation conditions that involve actions regarding other cards, such as "When/If a [card] is destroyed", "When/If a [card] is added from [location] to your hand", "When/If a monster is Special Summoned", etc. of cards like "Revival Rose", "Ambulanceroid", and "Cyber Dinosaur". This includes Trigger Effects of monsters that can activate in response to actions involving itself and/or other cards (but not just itself or other cards), such as "Madolche Chickolates"; they cannot be activated during the Damage Step.

✔️ Any effect that specifically mentions an activation timing that is unique to the Damage Step

✔️ This is indicated by phrases in the text such as "During damage calculation", "At the end of the Damage Step", "If/When you take battle damage", etc. (this includes cards and effects that activate in response to damage, without specifying battle damage, like "Blackfeather Darkrage Dragon", "Attack and Receive", and "Numinous Healer")

✔️ If a Set Continuous Trap Card has an optional Trigger-like or optional Quick-like Effect with an activation timing at least partially specific to the Damage Step (such as "Yang Zing Creation" and "Damage = Reptile"), that Trap Card can be activated during the Damage Step if that Trigger-like/Quick-like Effect is also activated in the same Chain Link as the activation of the Trap Card itself[25]

❌ In contrast, if a Set Continuous Trap Card has a mandatory Trigger-like Effect with an activation timing at least partially specific to the Damage Step, the Trap Card itself cannot be activated, even if its controller intended on activating that Trigger-like Effect in the same Chain Link as the activation of the Trap Card itself[26]

A card only needs to meet one of the above requirements to be activated during the Damage Step. As long as it does not explicitly specify (except during the Damage Step), even if it fails to satisfy one of the above requirements, if it satisfies another one it can be activated during the Damage Step. For example, "Rope of Life" Special Summons a monster and exclusively changes the ATK of the Summoned monster (like "Reverse of Neos"); cards with such effects cannot be activated during the Damage Step for that reason alone, but since "Rope of Life" also has an activation timing that is unique to the Damage Step ("When a monster(s) is destroyed by battle and sent to your Graveyard:"), it can be activated during the Damage Step[27].

References:
  1. Official KONAMI's damage step rules
  2. Official rulebook Version 10
  3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 188-193
  4. "Legendary Six Samurai - Shi En" ruling, archived from the original
  5. "Stardust Dragon" ruling, archived from the original
  6. "Blackwing - Bombardment" ruling, archived from the original
  7. "Reverse Trap" ruling, archived from the original
  8. "Skill Drain", archived from the original
  9. "Horn of the Phantom Beast" ruling, archived from the original
  10. "Half or Nothing" ruling, archived from the original
  11. "Infernal Dragon" and "Reverse of Neos" rulings, archived from the original
  12. "Attack of the Cornered Rat" ruling, archived from the original
  13. "Token Stampede" ruling, archived from the original
  14. "Swift Samurai Storm!" ruling, archived from the original
  15. "Dark Contract with the Witch" ruling
  16. "Evil Blast" ruling, archived from the original
  17. "Scrap Sheen" ruling, archived from the original
  18. "Zero Force" ruling, archived from the original
  19. "Curse of Anubis" ruling
  20. "Rocket Hand" ruling
  21. "Morpho Butterspy" ruling
  22. "Yubel" ruling, archived from the original
  23. "Proof of Pruflas" ruling
  24. "Fall of Albaz" ruling
  25. "Desperate Tag" ruling, archived from the original
  26. "Howl of the Wild" ruling, archived from the original
  27. Yugipedia

8.5.3.3 End of the Damage Step still occurs even if damage calculation was never conducted: "having attacked"

A card whose effect reads "at the end of the Damage Step" can be activated even if damage calculation has not been conducted and Before Damage Calculation has been reached[1][3].

Example Question:
My "Neo Blue-Eyes Ultimate Dragon" attacks my opponent's "Ally of Justice Catastor".
At the Start of the Damage Step, the "destroy that monster" effect of "Ally of Justice Catastor" is activated, however by "Divine Wrath" resolves in response, negating the activation and destroying "Ally of Justice Catastor". Afterwards, can I still activate the "at the end of the Damage Step, if this is the only face-up card you control, and this Fusion Summoned card attacked:" effect of "Neo Blue-Eyes Ultimate Dragon"?
Answer:
In the situation you describe, the "Ally of Justice Catastor" that is being targeted for the attack is destroyed by "Divine Wrath", and therefore damage calculation is not conducted. However, "Neo Blue-Eyes Ultimate Dragon" is still attacking, and you can still activate its effect at the End of the Damage Step.

Also if an attack progresses until the Damage Step, that attacking monster is treated as "having attacked"[2].

Example An attack was declared with "Dante, Traveler of the Burning Abyss" on an opponent's monster and the attack progressed until the Damage Step. Afterwards, even if the opponent's monster disappears and damage calculation is not performed, the effect that says "If this card attacks, it is changed to Defense Position at the end of the Battle Phase" is applied at the end of the Battle Phase.

References:
  1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: End of the Damage Step still occurs even if damage calculation was never conducted
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 188
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Battling monsters leaving the field, and Damage Step events occurring

8.5.4 End Step

After you've resolved all your battles by repeating the Battle and Damage Steps, and you have no more monsters you want to attack with, announce to your opponent that you are ending your Battle Phase[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 38
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 194

8.6 Main Phase 2

If you conducted your Battle Phase, your turn moves to Main Phase 2 afterwards[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 40
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 194

8.7 End Phase

Announce the end of your turn, and if there are any cards on the field which say "during the End Phase" in their text, resolve those effects in this phase[1].

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 40
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 195-196
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Mandatory actions during the End Phase
  4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Albion the Branded Dragon", "S:P Little Knight"

8.7.1 Hand size limit

Once both players pass the priority to activate cards and all cards have finished resolving, if the turn player has 7 or more cards in their hand, they choose and discard cards from their hand until they have 6 cards in their hand[1][2].

References:
  1. Official rulebook page 40
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 195-196
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Once you start discarding for hand size, the game state never again becomes open
  4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Discarding for hand size for a second time, and Trigger effects

9 Cards text

In most cases, card texts break down the requirements to resolve the effect like costs and the effect that is applied during the resolution.

Take for example "Puppet Master": "When this card is Tribute Summoned:" is the activation timing, "You can pay 2000 Life Points" is the activation cost, "2 Fiend-Type monsters in your Graveyard" are the targets, and "Special Summon those targets. They cannot attack this turn." is the effect resolution.

Requirements Resolution
Timing: When this card is Tribute Summoned Special Summon those targets. They cannot attack this turn
Cost: You can pay 2000 Life Points
Targets: 2 Fiend-Type monsters in your Graveyard
References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 126

9.1 Problem Solving Card Text (PSCT)

Problem-Solving Card Text (often abbreviated PSCT) is a method of writing card text used for prints released from July 8, 2011 onward. The purpose of Problem-Solving Card Text is to specify card effects to the point that most situations can be resolved by logically interpreting the card text[1].

Problem-Solving Card Text uses specific words with very particular meanings in the context of gameplay. How to interpret the text is important to understanding how to apply card text to the game.

This interpretation can only be applied for cards that use Problem-Solving Card Text. Cards that were printed with earlier text may use some of the same terms or structures, but this does not necessarily mean that they work as if they were Problem-Solving Card Text.

References:
  1. "Problem-Solving Card Text, Part 1: Reading the Card's of Tomorrow"
  2. "Problem-Solving Card Text, Part 2: New Words & Phrases"
  3. "Problem-Solving Card Text, Part 3: Conditions, Activations, and Effects"
  4. "Problem-Solving Card Text, Part 4: The Clues on Your Cards"
  5. "Problem-Solving Card Text, Part 5: Special Summons"
  6. "Problem-Solving Card Text, Part 7: 2012 Update - Conjunction Functions"
  7. Official rulebook Version 10
  8. Yugipedia

9.2 Activating Cards and Effects

9.2.1 Effects that activate and effects that do not start a chain

There are card effects that activate and start a chain, and effects that are applied immediately without starting a chain if some requirements are met.

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 130

9.2.2 Activating Effects

There are effects of Spell and Trap Cards that activate and start a chain in the Graveyard or field, other than when the card is activated by placing it face-up on the field. This is called activating an effect.

The following effects are examples of cards with effects that activate.

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 130

9.2.3 Activation requirements/condition/legality

An activation condition, also known as its activation requirement, is the set of conditions that must be met in order to activate a card or effect[1].

On cards with Problem-Solving Card Text, the activation condition is written before a colon ":", at the start of a card effect[1].

References:
  1. Yugipedia
  2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 133-134
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Total Defense Shogun", "Mirror Force"
  4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Mystical Space Typhoon", "Raigeki Break"

9.2.3.1 Legality of targeting and paying cost

You cannot choose to use a card or effect that targets unless there is already a card for it to target[1].

References:
  1. Insert from Rise of the True Dragons Structure Deck
  2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Choice timing and activation legality when choosing which effect to activate
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Lumina, Lightsworn Summoner"

9.2.3.2 Legality of 0 ATK/DEF modifiers

A Monster's (1) ATK/DEF is already 0. A card's (2) effect which involves:

References:
  1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality of effects that reduce ATK/DEF
  2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality of halving zero ATK/DEF
  3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality for setting ATK
  4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality for ATK/DEF switching

9.2.3.3 Legality of adding then discarding/sending

A card's (1) effect which involves adding a card (2) with a certain property and then discarding/sending a card (3) with (2)'s same property, (1) can be activated even if there are no cards of with (2)'s property in your hand at the moment of (1)'s activation.

Example Question:
There are currently no Dragon monsters and no Winged Beast monsters in my hand. Can I activate the effect of "Dragunity Knight - Gae Dearg"?
Answer:
You can activate the effect of "Dragunity Knight - Gae Dearg" even if there are no Dragon monsters and no Winged Beast monsters in your hand. If you do this, you will first add a Dragon or Winged Beast from your Deck to your hand, then discard that same monster.

References:
  1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality of effects that add, then discard/send

9.2.3.4 Legality of change control

References:
  1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 152-153
  2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation Legality for Change of Control

9.2.3.5 Legality of delayed adding to hand

Effects of this kind can be activated even if resolution of that effect cannot be performed completely at the time of the activation. For example an effect that adds a card with a certain property from the Deck to the hand, can be activated even if there are no cards with that property at the moment of the activation[2].

Example Question:
Can I activate the effect of "Infernoble Knight Captain Roland" that can be activated when it is Synchro Summoned if neither an Equip Spell nor a Warrior monster is in my Deck?
Answer:
You can still activate the effect of "Infernoble Knight Captain Roland" in question even if there is no Equip Spell or Warrior monster (or neither of them) in your Deck.
In this case, when performing the effect during the End Phase, you will first send an Equip Spell from you Deck to the Graveyard if possible. (If there is no Equip Spell in your Deck, neither that part nor the part of adding a Warrior monster to your hand is applied.)
Next, after you sent an Equip Spell from your Deck to the Graveyard, if there is a Warrior monster in your Deck at this point, you will add it to your hand. (If there is no Warrior monster in your Deck, the effect is completed by sending an Equip Spell to the Graveyard.)

  • YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality for delayed adding to hand

    • 9.2.3.6 Legality of destroying to summon

    An effect that destroys a card(s) on your side of the field to summon can be activated even when all of your Main Monster Zones are full, but the card(s) you have to destroy must be one monster(s) in your Main Monster Zone.

    Example Question:
    If there are 5 monsters in my Main Monster Zones, can I activate the effect of "Crystron Prasiortle", "Crystron Smiger", "Crystron Thystvern", or "Crystron Rosenix" that destroys a face-up card on my field and Special Summons a "Crystron" Tuner monster from my Deck?
    Answer:
    The effect of a monster such as "Crystron Prasiortle" Special Summons a "Crystron" Tuner monster from your Deck, so if there are already 5 monsters in your Main Monster Zones, you can only activate the effect by targeting a face-up monster in your Main Monster Zone. (Face-up cards in your Spell & Trap Zones, Field Zone, or the Extra Monster Zone cannot be targeted.)

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality for destroy + Summon with no zones

    9.2.3.7 Legality of effect negation

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 155
    2. Yugipedia
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality for effect negation
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Attempting to negate a negated monster's effects
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Effects negation applying to Effect Monsters without any effect

    9.2.3.8 Legality of Equip Cards

    Equip Cards with impossible Continuous Effects can be activated. A Link Monster can be equipped with "Horn of Light" or "Rod of Silence - Kay'est". However, since Link Monsters do not have DEF, the effect of increasing DEF is not applied. In the case of "Rod of Silence - Kay'est" , the effect that negates other Spells' effects targeting the equipped monster and destroys them is applied normally.

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation Legality of Equip Cards with impossible Continuous Effects

    9.2.3.9 Legality of gaining 0 LP

    A card's effect which gains LP can be activated even if it will gain 0 LP and will resolve successfully[1].

    Example Question:
    "Predaplant Moray Nepenthes" is equipped with a "Performapal Life Swordsman" by its second effect. In this situation, can the third effect of "Predaplant Moray Nepenthes" be activated by targeting the equipped "Performapal Life Swordsman"?
    Answer:
    If "Predaplant Moray Nepenthes" is equipped with a monster by its own effect, even if that monster has 0 ATK such as "Performapal Life Swordsman", you can also activate the effect that destroys an equipped monster and increases your Life Points by its ATK. In this case, the equipped monster is destroyed normally, but you gain no Life Points.

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality for gaining 0 LP

    9.2.3.10 Legality under "Macro Cosmos"

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 131-133
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Despian Tragedy", "Fallen of Albaz", "Super Polymerization", "Macro Cosmos"

    9.2.3.11 Legality under "Dimensional Fissure"

    When the effect "any Monster sent to the GY is banished instead" is applying you:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Dimensional Fissure" and activation legality
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Dimensional Fissure", "Guardian Eatos"
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Dimensional Fissure", "Angel Statue - Azurune"

    9.2.4 Cost

    A cost is an action that must be performed in order to activate a card or effect, to perform another action, or to keep a card on the field. This is distinct from activation requirements, which are requirements that must be met in order to activate a card or effect[1].

    On cards with Problem-Solving Card Text, the cost is written before a semicolon ";", at the start of a card effect or after the activation condition[1].

    References:
    1. Yugipedia
    2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 131

    9.2.4.1 Costs that Tribute

    In order to activate effects that read "Tribute [X];", those monsters need to be Tributed. The Tributed monsters are sent to the Graveyard[1].

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 131

    9.2.4.2 Costs that Discard

    For costs that read "discard [X]", cards from the hand must be discarded from the hand in order to activate the effects. Cards that are discarded are treated as being discarded from the hand and as being sent to the Graveyard as a result[1].

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 132
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Despian Tragedy", "Fallen of Albaz", "Super Polymerization", "Macro Cosmos"

    9.2.4.3 Costs that Send to the Graveyard

    For costs that read "send [X] to the Graveyard;", those monsters must be sent to the Graveyard in order to activate the effect[1].

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 132-133

    9.2.4.4 Costs that Return/Add to the Hand

    For costs that read "return a card(s) to the hand;", cards must be returned to the hand in order to activate the effects.

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Plaguespreader Zombie", "Blackwing - Zephyros the Elite", "Immortal Phoenix Gearfried"

    9.2.5 Target

    Targeting is the action of designating which specific cards are affected or used by card effects at the activation of a card effect[1].

    In Problem-Solving Card Text, cards and effects that target always explicitly state that they target: a card targets if and only if it uses the word "target"[1].

    References:
    1. Yugipedia
    2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 136-137
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Level Resist Wall"
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activating an effect that equips does not implicitly target
    5. Insert from Rise of the True Dragons Structure Deck

    9.2.5.1 That target vs It

    The terms "that target" or "those targets" and "it" or "they/them" have specific meanings in the resolution of the effect[1].

    References:
    1. "Problem-Solving Card Text, Part 4: The Clues on Your Cards"

    9.2.5.2 Legality of targeting and paying cost

    You cannot choose to use a card or effect that targets unless there is already a card for it to target[1].

    References:
    1. Insert from Rise of the True Dragons Structure Deck
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Choice timing and activation legality when choosing which effect to activate
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Lumina, Lightsworn Summoner"

    9.2.6 Effect Resolution

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 126-127
    2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 142
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Effects resolve where they were activated

    9.3 Conjunctives

    The conjunctives "and", "and if you do", "also", and "then" have specific meanings[1]:

    ATTENTION: in all cases, even if [B] is not required or neither is required for the other, both must [A] and [B] must still meet the activation requirements of the card or effect in order to activate that card or effect[3].

    Example Question:
    If my opponent does not control any cards, can I activate the effect of "Madolche Queen Tiaramisu"? Also, when resolving the effect of "Madolche Queen Tiaramisu", if my opponent does not control any cards, how does the effect resolve?
    Answer:
    You cannot activate the effect of "Madolche Queen Tiaramisu" if your opponent controls no cards. When resolving the effect of "Madolche Queen Tiaramisu", if your opponent controls no cards, although you still return the targeted cards to your Deck, you do not apply the effect of returning your opponent's cards to the Deck.

    There is no conjunctive that indicates both parts of the effect are required while also indicating that the parts are not simultaneous. While this relationship is rare, it does occur for some effects - in particular, Fusion Summoning and Ritual Summoning effects, which normally text structures unique to that Summoning method, which do not use conjunctives at all for that part of their text. The card "Luminous Dragon Ritual" uniquely indicates this relationship with the conjunctive "and" followed by "after that" at the end of the second part of the effect[2].

    Neither required [A] required Both required
    Sequentially also, after that then
    Simultaneously also and if you do and
    References:
    1. "Problem-Solving Card Text, Part 7: 2012 Update - Conjunction Functions"
    2. Yugipedia
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Madolche Queen Tiaramisu"
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Magical Dimension", "Vanity's Emptiness"

    9.3.1 Conjunction success for Tokens

    If a Token's (1) properties (Attribute, Type, ATK, DEF and/or Level...) satisfy a certain card's (2) activation requirement and (2) requires to banish a Monster with those properties, (2) can be activated. If (1) is banished because of (2)'s cost, (2) resolves normally even if (1) original properties were not originally the one necessary to fulfil the activation of (2)[1]. Examples:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Banishing a Token is a conjunction success
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Heavenly Dragon Circle" and Tokens
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Cyber Valley" and Tokens
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Archfiend Palabyrinth" and Tokens

    9.3.2 Conjunction success for 0 ATK/DEF modifiers

    A Monster's (1) ATK/DEF is already 0. A card's (2) effect which involves:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: 0 ATK/DEF, reduction, and conjunction success
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Conjunction success of halving zero ATK/DEF
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality for ATK/DEF switching

    9.4 Effects Categories

    9.4.1 Continuous Effects

    The effects of monsters that are applied and keep applying as long as that monster is face-up in a Monster Zone are Continuous Effects. There are also Continuous Effects that have necessary conditions to be applied[1]. Spells/Traps also have Effects that work like Continuous Effect (Continuous-like).

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 108-109
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Continuous Effects applying before the effect at activation even begins resolving
    3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 124-125
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Banisher of the Light", "Dark Hole"

    9.4.1.1 Multiple Continuous Effects that interact with each other

    Cases when whichever card is face-up on the field first will take precedent:

    Cases when whichever card is face-up on the field last will take precedent:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Jinzo", "Skill Drain"
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "The Wicked Avatar", "The Wicked Dreadroot"

    9.4.2 Ignition Effects

    Effects that can be declared to activate during the Main Phase, once the turn player has priority and they do not wish to activate or resolve an effect, are Ignition Effects[1].

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 109
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Ignition effects and summon

    9.4.3 Trigger Effects

    Effects that are activated in a particular written timing are Trigger Effects.

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 110-111

    9.4.3.1 Events are not responded to until the chain has resolved

    Events are not responded to until the chain has resolved.

    Example Question:
    My opponent activates the effect of "Vision HERO Faris" that Special Summons it from the hand, by discarding a "Vision HERO Vyon" from their hand. In this situation, when can I activate "Consolation Prize"?
    Answer:
    If a monster is sent from the hand to the Graveyard as the cost of activating another card effect as in this scenario, "Consolation Prize" cannot be activated by chaining to that card effect. After that activated effect resolves, "Consolation Prize" can be activated in a new Chain.
    Therefore, in this situation, when your opponent activates the second effect of "Vision HERO Faris" that places a "Vision HERO" monster from their Deck face-up in their Spell & Trap Zone, you can chain "Consolation Prize". (If your opponent does not activate the second effect of "Vision HERO Faris", you can activate "Consolation Prize" as Chain Link 1.)

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Events are not responded to until the chain has resolved

    9.4.3.2 Activation Location

    If a monster's Trigger Effect meets its activation conditions, but hasn't yet had a chance to actually activate yet (because it's still in the middle of a chain or card effect, for example) and is therefore being "saved for later", but its location (On the field, in the Graveyard, in the hand, banished, or in the Deck) changes between the time its Trigger Effect activation is met, and the time it actually has a chance to activate, its effect does not activate[1][3]. Examples:

    If, at the time of the particular timing, the card has been moved to a private location like the Deck or hand, the Trigger Effect does not activate[2].

    Example If "Monster Reincarnation" is activated discarding "Dandylion" for the cost, and the same "Dandylion" is returned to the hand by the effect of that "Monster Reincarnation" that says "add it to your hand.", the effect of "Dandylion" that activates "If this card is sent to the Graveyard:" does not activate.

    References:
    1. Official KONAMI's 2021 rules update
    2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 110-111
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Cards that do not explicitly specify an activation location for their effect
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Terrifying Trap Hole Nightmare", "Mirrorjade the Iceblade Dragon", "El Shaddoll Construc"

    9.4.3.3 Triggers for changing card type

    If, at the time of the particular timing, the card has changed card type like from monster becomes an equip card, the Trigger Effect does not activate.

    Example Question:
    When my "D/D/D Wave Oblivion King Caesar Ragnarok" declares an attack, its effect is activated, and my opponent activates "Call of the Haunted" in a chain by targeting "Black Rose Moonlight Dragon". When resolving the effect of "D/D/D Wave Oblivion King Caesar Ragnarok", if I choose to equip the Special Summoned "Black Rose Moonlight Dragon" to it, will that monster's effect be applied?
    Answer:
    In this scenario, you can still choose to equip the "Black Rose Moonlight Dragon" that was Special Summoned by "Call of the Haunted" using the effect of "D/D/D Wave Oblivion King Caesar Ragnarok". In that case, the Special Summoned "Black Rose Moonlight Dragon" becomes an Equip Card, and is no longer a monster, so after the current chain resolves, its effect cannot be activated. (In this case, after the chain resolves, since the number of monsters on your opponent's side of the field changed, a replay will occur.)

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Triggers for changing card type

    9.4.3.4 Triggers for changing control

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Monsters changing control after their Trigger effect meets its activation condition, before that effect can be activated
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Special Summoning to a player's field, and control being changed before the effect can be activated

    9.4.3.5 Triggers for changing phase

    Trigger Effects still activate even when the phase changed during/after the resolution of an effect.

    Example Question:
    I activate the effect of "Cardcar D" by Tributing it, and that effect resolves. Afterwards, can I activate the effect of "Amorphage Infection"?
    Answer:
    In the situation you describe, "Cardcar D" is Tributed to activate its effect. When that effect resolves, it becomes the End Phase. Regardless, after "Cardcar D"'s effect resolves, the effect of "Amorphage Infection" can be activated.

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Changing phase & Trigger Effects still activating

    9.4.3.6 Triggers for discarding for hand size for a second time

    If you discard cards for hand size at the end of your End Phase, you can only activate effects on the Chain immediately following this. Even if, at some point after this first Chain, some other effect meets its activation condition, you cannot activate that effect.

    Example Question:
    At the end of my End Phase, I have 7 cards in my hand, and as a result, I discard "Danger! Nessie!". I activate and resolve "Danger! Nessie!"'s effect, adding "Danger! Bigfoot!" to my hand.
    Since this results in my hand having 7 cards once again, I now discard "Danger! Bigfoot!". Can I activate "Danger! Bigfoot!"'s "if this card is discarded" effect?
    Answer:
    No, you cannot.
    If you discard cards for hand size at the end of your End Phase, you can only activate effects on the Chain immediately following this. Even if, at some point after this first Chain, some other effect meets its activation condition, you cannot activate that effect.

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Discarding for hand size for a second time, and Trigger effects

    9.4.3.7 Triggers for monsters summoned with a certain property and then losing that property

    Example: while "Harpies' Hunting Ground" is face-up on the field, Skill Drain is activated, and "Call of the Haunted" resolves in response, Special Summoning Harpie Queen. At the time that "Harpie Queen" is Special Summoned by the effect of "Call of the Haunted", its name is treated as "Harpie Lady". Afterwards, when the effect of Skill Drain applies, the effect of "Harpie Queen" is negated, and its name returns to being "Harpie Queen". Regardless, a "Harpie Lady" or "Harpie Lady Sisters" has been Special Summoned to the field, and the effect of "Harpies' Hunting Ground" must be activated.

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Triggers for monsters with a certain property being Summoned, and then losing that property

    9.4.3.8 Triggers for multiple Summon itself from hand

    If you have multiple monsters in your hand with Trigger Effects to Special Summon themselves (that activate in the hand in a particular timing), their effects cannot be activated in a chain and only 1 of them can be activated[1]. A "Trigger Effect that Special Summons the monster itself, and can be activated in the hand" also includes effects that can be activated in either the hand or the Graveyard, such as the effects of "Sacred Fire King Garunix" and "Dark Hole Dragon". Regardless of whether the effect is actually being activated in the hand or Graveyard, only one of this kind of Trigger Effect can be activated on any given Chain[3].

    Example When you take battle damage while you have 2 copies of "Gorz the Emissary of Darkness", only the effect of 1 copy of "Gorz the Emissary of Darkness" that says "When you take damage from a card in your opponent's possession:" can be activated[1].

    This also applies to the following monsters' Trigger Effects that Special Summon themselves, and can be activated from the hand; only one of these monsters can activate its relevant effect in any given Chain [3]:

    Exception to this rule is when the hand summon triggers are mandatory effects: in which case they all activate and they form a chain[2].

    Example Question:
    Two copies of "Mist Valley Thunder Lord" activate their effects in the same Chain, each targeting a different copy of "Mist Valley Thunderbird" I control.
    After this Chain resolves, will the Trigger effects of both copies of "Mist Valley Thunderbird" be activated?
    Answer:
    After the described Chain has resolved, the respective Trigger effects of each copy of "Mist Valley Thunderbird" will be activated as Chain Link 1 and Chain Link 2 respectively.
    Afterwards, your opponent will have the first opportunity to activate Chain Link 3.

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 111
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Mandatory Trigger effects and not being Green Baboon
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Sacred Fire King Garunix", "Dark Hole Dragon"

    9.4.3.9 Triggers for Spell/Trap cards before their activation resolution

    Trigger effects of Spell/Trap Cards will not "see" their activation condition before the card activation has resolved[1]. Examples:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Trigger effects of Spell/Trap Cards will not "see" their activation condition before the card activation has resolved
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Metaverse", "Labrynth Labyrinth"

    9.4.4 Quick Effects

    Effects that can be activated when you have priority during the opponent's turn, providing a particular timing, are Quick Effects.

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 112

    9.4.5 Other Effects

    Effects that do not belong to the Continuous Effect, Ignition Effect, Trigger Effect or Quick Effect categories are effects that do not belong to any category.

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 113-114

    9.5 Text that is not an effect

    There are some parts of the Effect Text of cards that are not treated as an effect.

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 175-176

    9.5.1 Text that specifies "once per turn" - Activate vs Use

    Text that specifies the activation requirements for that effect, like "the effect of [card name] can only be used once per turn", is text that is not an effect[1].

    Activate:

    Use:

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 176-177
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Unqualified 'once per turn' and change of control
    3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 55
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Monsters gaining the effects of other monsters, and once-per-turn restrictions
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Copying activated effects and named once per turn restrictions

    9.5.2 Text that determines Materials and Summoning procedures

    Examples
    73417207 Mara of the Nordic Alfar

    When using this card as Synchro Material, the other Synchro Materials must be 2 "Nordic" monsters in your hand.
    98127546 Underworld Goddess of the Closed World

    4+ Effect Monsters
    You can also use 1 monster your opponent controls as material to Link Summon this card. If this card is Link Summoned: You can negate the effects of all face-up monsters your opponent currently controls. This Link Summoned card is unaffected by your opponent's activated effects, unless they target this card. Once per turn, when your opponent activates a card or effect that Special Summons a monster(s) from the GY (Quick Effect): You can negate the activation.

    44682448 Garbage Lord

    You can Special Summon this card (from your hand) by paying 2000 Life Points. This card cannot be used as an Xyz Material for an Xyz Summon, except for the Xyz Summon of a DARK monster.

    Text that indicates that a monster cannot be a Material for a Special Summon monster, or that indicates the Special Summon Monster that can be Summoned using it, is text that is not an effect[1]. Examples:

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 178
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Blackwing - Vayu the Emblem of Honor"
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Chimeratech Fortress Dragon", "G.B. Hunter" and Pendulum Monsters
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "The Atmosphere" and Tokens
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Chimeratech Fortress Dragon", "Macro Cosmos"
    6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Leaves the field by your opponent" and Summoning procedures
    7. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Underworld Goddess of the Closed World" using an opponent's monster that is unaffected
    8. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Metaltron XII, the True Dracombatant", "Kumongous, the Sticky String Kaiju"
    9. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Necrovalley" and Special Summon monsters

    9.5.3 Text that is maintenance cost

    Examples
    90590303 Number 41: Bagooska the Terribly Tired Tapir

    2 Level 4 monsters
    Once per turn, during your Standby Phase, detach 1 material from this card. If you cannot, destroy it. This Attack Position card cannot be destroyed by your opponent's card effects. Your opponent cannot target this Attack Position card with card effects. While this card is in face-up Defense Position, change all face-up monsters on the field to Defense Position, also negate the activated effects of monsters that were in Defense Position when that effect was activated.

    61650133 Summoning Curse

    If a monster(s) is Special Summoned: The current controller of that monster(s) banishes 1 card from their hand. Once per turn, during your End Phase, pay 500 LP or destroy this card.
    70875955 Aerial Recharge

    Once per turn: You can Special Summon 1 "Mecha Phantom Beast Token" (Machine-Type/WIND/Level 3/ATK 0/DEF 0). During each player's End Phase, Tribute 1 Token or "Mecha Phantom Beast" monster, or send this card to the Graveyard.

    A maintenance cost is not an effect. If a player does not, or cannot, pay the maintenance cost of a card, then it will destroy itself (with the exception of "Gaia Plate the Earth Giant" and "Aerial Recharge", which simply send themselves to the Graveyard). No chain links are created when paying maintenance costs[1].

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Number 41: Bagooska the Terribly Tired Tapir"
    2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 175

    9.5.4 Text that says "this card is always treated as [card name]/[a particular title/archetype] card"

    Examples
    61011438 Brilliant Rose

    (This card is always treated as a "Gem-Knight" card.)
    You can discard 1 "Gem-Knight" or "Melodious" card; Special Summon this card from your hand. You can only use this effect of "Brilliant Rose" once per turn. Once per turn: You can send 1 "Gem-Knight" or "Melodious" monster from your Extra Deck to the GY; until the End Phase, this card's name/Type/Attribute become the same as the original name/Type/Attribute of the monster sent to the GY to activate this effect.

    295517 A Legendary Ocean

    (This card is always treated as "Umi".)
    All WATER monsters on the field gain 200 ATK/DEF. Reduce the Level of all WATER monsters in both players' hands and on the field by 1.

    15216188 Time Engine

    (This card is always treated as a "Metalmorph" card.)
    If a monster(s) you control is destroyed by battle or an opponent's card effect: Target 1 of them; Special Summon it, then, if it is a Level 5 or higher Machine monster and you have another "Metalmorph" Trap on your field or in your GY, you can destroy as many monsters your opponent controls as possible, then you can inflict damage to them equal to the Summoned monster's original ATK.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 41
    2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 55
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Umi", "Crossout Designator"
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Archetype inclusion/exclusion clauses apply to a particular card name, not to a particular card

    9.5.5 Text that says "cannot activate in response to this card's activation/effect"

    Examples
    23689697 Mobius the Mega Monarch

    You can Tribute Summon this card by Tributing 1 Tribute Summoned monster. When this card is Tribute Summoned: You can target up to 3 Spell/Trap Cards on the field; destroy those targets. If this card was Tribute Summoned by Tributing a WATER monster, add this additional effect.
    ● Your opponent cannot activate the targeted cards in response to this effect's activation.

    48130397 Super Polymerization

    Discard 1 card; Fusion Summon 1 Fusion Monster from your Extra Deck, using monsters from either field as Fusion Material. Neither player can activate cards or effects in response to this card's activation.
    89792713 Nordic Relic Laevateinn

    Target 1 face-up monster on the field that destroyed a monster by battle this turn; destroy it. Cards and effects cannot be activated in response to this card's activation.

    Texts of this kind are not effects[1].

    Example Question:
    I have just Tribute Summoned "Qliphort Stealth", and the effect of "Skill Drain" is applying. If I activate the effect of that "Qliphort Stealth" that returns a card to the hand, can my opponent activate a card or effect in response to the activation?
    Answer:
    The text on "Qliphort Stealth" that indicates that your opponent cannot activate cards or effects in response to the activation of that effect is not, itself, treated as a monster effect.
    Therefore, even if "Skill Drain" is applying to "Qliphort Stealth", your opponent cannot activate cards or effects in response to you activating the effect of "Qliphort Stealth" that returns a card to the hand.

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Cannot-respond text not being a card effect
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Lovely Labrynth of the Silver Castle"

    9.5.6 Text that specifies Special/Alternate Victory Conditions

    Examples
    33396948 Exodia the Forbidden One

    If you have "Right Leg of the Forbidden One", "Left Leg of the Forbidden One", "Right Arm of the Forbidden One" and "Left Arm of the Forbidden One" in addition to this card in your hand, you win the Duel.
    44910027 Victory Dragon

    This card cannot be Special Summoned. To Tribute Summon this card, you must Tribute 3 Dragon-Type monsters. If this card attacks your opponent directly and reduces their Life Points to 0, you win the Match.
    95308449 Final Countdown

    Pay 2000 Life Points. After 20 turns have passed after you activate this card (counting the turn you activate this card as the 1st turn), you win the Duel.

    Text that directly affects the state of the game like "you win the Duel" or "you win the Match" is text that is not an effect[1].

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 179
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Exodia the Forbidden One", "Graceful Charity"
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Victory conditions and immediately-afters
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Exodia the Forbidden One", "Morphing Jar"

    10 Glossary: Effects Terms and Effects Interaction

    This section presents specific terms/phrases that can be encountered in cards' effects, explaining their meaning and complex rulings regarding them.

    10.1 Activate [X] from [location] - Activate a Card through another Card's effect

    Examples
    22499034 Ignis Heat, the True Dracowarrior

    To Tribute Summon this card face-up, you can Tribute a Continuous Spell/Trap you control, instead of a monster. Once per turn, when your opponent activates a card or effect while you control this Tribute Summoned monster (Quick Effect): You can take 1 "True Draco" or "True King" Continuous Spell from your Deck, and either activate it or add it to your hand.
    74665651 Dream Mirror of Joy

    During the End Phase: You can banish this card; activate 1 "Dream Mirror of Terror" directly from your hand or Deck. You can only use this effect of "Dream Mirror of Joy" once per turn. "Dream Mirror" monsters you control cannot be targeted by your opponent's card effects, or their monsters' attacks, except your "Dream Mirror" monster(s) with the highest Level. This effect is only applied while you control a LIGHT "Dream Mirror" monster.
    89208725 Metaverse

    Take 1 Field Spell from your Deck, and either activate it or add it to your hand.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Metaverse", "Trickstar Light Stage"
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Soul Binding Gate", "Metaverse", "Demise of the Land"
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Dinomight Knight, the True Dracofighter", "Magical Musketeer Caspar"
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Anti-Spell Fragrance", "Metaverse"
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Demise of the Land", "Skilled Blue Magician"

    10.2 Any [X] sent to the Graveyard is banished instead

    Examples
    91800273 Dimension Shifter

    If you have no cards in your GY (Quick Effect): You can send this card from your hand to the GY; until the end of the next turn, any card sent to the GY is banished instead.
    81674782 Dimensional Fissure

    Any monster sent to the GY is banished instead.
    30241314 Macro Cosmos

    When this card is activated: You can Special Summon 1 "Helios - The Primordial Sun" from your hand or Deck. While this card is face-up on the field, any card sent to the GY is banished instead.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 79
    2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 88
    3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 91
    4. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 101
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Chimeratech Fortress Dragon", "Macro Cosmos"
    6. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 76
    7. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 147
    8. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Despian Tragedy", "Fallen of Albaz", "Super Polymerization", "Macro Cosmos"
    9. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 131-133
    10. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Macro Cosmos "Cherubini, Ebon Angel of the Burning Abyss"
    11. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Despian Quaeritis", "Macro Cosmos"
    12. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Banisher of the Light", "Crystal Beast Ruby Carbuncle"
    13. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 148-149
    14. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Dimensional Fissure", "The Prime Monarch", "The First Monarch"

    10.2.1 Legality under "Macro Cosmos"

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 131-133
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Despian Tragedy", "Fallen of Albaz", "Super Polymerization", "Macro Cosmos"

    10.2.2 Legality under "Dimensional Fissure"

    When the effect "any Monster sent to the GY is banished instead" is applying you:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Dimensional Fissure" and activation legality
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Dimensional Fissure", "Guardian Eatos"
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Dimensional Fissure", "Angel Statue - Azurune"

    10.3 Apply 1 of the following effects/all effects

    Examples
    21502796 Ryko, Lightsworn Hunter

    FLIP: Apply these effects (simultaneously).
    ● You can destroy 1 card on the field.
    ● Send the top 3 cards of your Deck to the GY.

    59494222 Gravekeeper's Inscription

    At the start of your Main Phase 1: Apply 1 of the following effects until the end of your opponent's turn.
    ● Neither player can activate card effects in the GY.
    ● Neither player can banish cards from the GY.
    ● Neither player can Special Summon monsters from the GYs.

    31971040 Vaalmonica Chosen Melody

    Apply 1 of these effects. You must control a "Vaalmonica" Monster Card to activate and to resolve this effect. If you control a "Vaalmonica" Link Monster, you can apply both effects in sequence.
    ● Gain 500 LP, also for the rest of this turn, your opponent cannot target "Vaalmonica" Monster Cards you control with card effects.
    ● Take 500 damage, then you can negate the effects of 1 Effect Monster your opponent controls, until the end of this turn.
    You can only activate 1 "Vaalmonica Chosen Melody" per turn.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: " Arcana Reading"
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Doomking Balerdroch", "Ghost Belle & Haunted Mansion"

    10.4 ATK/DEF Modifications

    Examples
    70046172 Rush Recklessly

    Target 1 face-up monster on the field; it gains 700 ATK until the end of this turn.

    		 56747793 United We Stand

    The equipped monster gains 800 ATK/DEF for each face-up monster you control.
    73048641 Half Shut

    Target 1 face-up monster on the field; it cannot be destroyed by battle this turn, also its ATK is halved until the end of this turn.

    		 22046459 Megamorph

    While your LP is lower than your opponent's, the equipped monster's ATK becomes double its original ATK. While your LP is higher, the equipped monster's ATK becomes half its original ATK.
    55713623 Shrink

    Target 1 face-up monster on the field; its original ATK becomes halved until the end of this turn.

    		 62991886 Unstable Evolution

    While your LP is lower than your opponent's, the equipped monster's original ATK becomes 2400. While your LP is higher, the equipped monster's original ATK becomes 1000.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 156
    2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 160
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Recalculation of ATK/DEF permits negative intermediate values
    4. YGOrg's article (unofficial resource)
    5. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 105-106
    6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Infinite Impermanence", "Accesscode Talker"
    7. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Dark Rebellion Xyz Dragon", "Infinite Impermanence", "Eldlich the Golden Lord"

    10.4.1 Categories and interactions

    Any given modifier can fall under one of the following different categories[1]:

    1. Activated/Lingering effect modifier that increases/decreases the current ATK/DEF.

    2. Non-activated/Continuous effect modifier that increases/decreases the current ATK/DEF.

    3. Activated/Lingering effect modifier that sets current ATK/DEF to determined value.

    4. Non-activated/Continuous effect modifier that sets current ATK/DEF to determined value.

    5. Activated/Lingering effect modifier that sets original ATK/DEF to determined value.

    6. Non-activated/Continuous effect modifier that sets original ATK/DEF to determined value.

    Possible outcomes:

    In the examples, the two cards on the left are the "Prev", the card on the right separated by the previous two is the "New": "→" signifies the value after the "New" effect is applied, "⇒" signifies the value after the "New" effect has stopped applying

    New
    \
    Prev
         		+/- Set current Set original
    (1) & (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
    L & C L C L C
    +/- (1) L
    (1,2) are always applied successfully[1][2][5][7]
    (1900+700)-600 → 2000 ⇒ 1900[1]
    1900/2+700 → 950+700=1650 ⇒ 1900[2][5]
    1900/2+800 → 950+800=1750 ⇒ 950[2]
    (1900 halve original)+700 → 950+700=1650 ⇒ 1900[7]
    Remove previous (1,3) when applying (3)[2]
    (1900+700)/2 → 1300 ⇒ 1900
    (1,3,5) are not reapplied until (4) stops applying[2][6]
    (1900+700) set to 100 → 100 ⇒ 2600
    Apply (5,6) and reapply (1,2) afterwards[2][3][7][9][14]
    (1900+700) halve original → 950+700=1650 ⇒ 1900[2][7][9][14]
    (1900+700) set original to 2400 → 2400+700=3100 ⇒ 2600[2][7]
    (1900+800) halve original → 950+800=1750 ⇒ 2700[3]
    (1900+800) set original to 2400 → 2400+800=3200 ⇒ 2700[3]
    (2) C
    (2,4) are not reapplied until (3) stops applying[3][5][9]
    (1900+800)/2 → 1350 ⇒ 2700
    Apply (4) and reapply (2) afterwards[3][11]
    (1900+800) set to 100 → 100+800=900 ⇒ 2700
    Set current (3) L
    Remove previous (1,3) when applying (3)[4]
    (1900/2)/2 → 475 ⇒ 1900
    (1,3,5) are not reapplied until (4) stops applying[5]
    (1900/2) set to 100 → 100 ⇒ 950
    		Remove previous (3,5) when applying (5) (3,5) are not reapplied until (6) stops applying
    (4) C
    (2,4) are not reapplied until (3) stops applying[6]
    (1900 set to 100)/2 → 50 ⇒ 100
    Apply new (4)[4][15][16]
    (1900x2) set to 100 → 100 ⇒ 3800
    Apply (5,6) and reapply (4) afterwards[8][13]
    (1900x2) halve original → 950x2=1900 ⇒ 3800[8]
    Set original (5) L
    Apply (3) after previous (5,6)[10]
    (2300 halve original)x2 → 2300 ⇒ 1150
    		(1,3,5) are not reapplied until (4) stops applying[17]
    Remove previous (3,5) when applying (5)[12]
    (1900 set original to 100) halve original → 50 ⇒ 1900
    		(3,5) are not reapplied until (6) stops applying
    (6) C Apply (6) and reapply (4) afterwards (6) are not reapplied until (5) stops applying Apply new (6)
    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 156: ATK/DEF Modifications
    2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 157-158: ATK or DEF is Increased or Decreased by an Effect that Activates
    3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 159-160: ATK or DEF is Increased or Decreased by a Continuously Applied Effect
    4. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 160: values become a determined value
    5. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 161: ATK or DEF Become a Determined Value by an Activated Effect
    6. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 162: Continuously Applied Effect that Makes the ATK or DEF Become a Determined Value is Applied
    7. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 163: Effect that Makes the Original ATK or DEF Become a Determined Value is Applied
    8. YGOrg's article (unofficial resource)
    9. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Continuous Current Addition → Lingering Current Set
    10. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Lingering Original Set → Lingering Current Set
    11. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Continuous Current Addition → Continuous Current Set
    12. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Lingering Original Set → Lingering Original Set
    13. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Continuous Current Set → Lingering Original Set
    14. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Lingering Current Addition → Lingering Original Set
    15. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Relinquished" → "Megamorph"
    16. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Megamorph" → "Relinquished"
    17. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Shield & Sword" → "Megamorph"
    18. Pazim's Resources (unofficial resource)

    10.4.2 Special cases

    10.4.2.1 Applying a special non-activated effect that is always applied last

    Certain effects that set a monster's current ATK/DEF continuously are always reapplied last as new modifiers are introduced, breaking some of the rules established above. Even though they can be described in the same way (non-activated effects that set ATK/DEF to a determined value) it is not always clear why they work differently[1].

    For these special cases, no matter what the effects currently in play are, they are always applied last[2].

    Examples
    86804246 Super Crashbug

    "Number 17: Leviathan Dragon" and "Super Crashbug" are on the field. The effect of "Super Crashbug" switches the ATK/DEF of "Number 17: Leviathan Dragon" to be 0/2000. If the effect of "Number 17: Leviathan Dragon" is activated, its ATK is recalculated with the effect of "Super Crashbug" being applied last. The ATK/DEF become 0/2500, not 500/2000. If "Super Crashbug" leaves the field, the ATK/DEF of "Number 17: Leviathan Dragon" becomes 2500/0[1].

    62180201 The Wicked Dreadroot

    "Red-Eyes Black Dragon" is equipped with "Megamorph", and "The Wicked Dreadroot" is on the field, which halves the current ATK/DEF of all other monsters on the field. The ATK of "Red-Eyes Black Dragon" is either 600 or 2400, while its DEF is 1000[1].

    "Black Garden" and "The Wicked Dreadroot" are on the field. If "Aleister the Invoker" is Normal Summoned, the effect of "The Wicked Dreadroot" is immediately applied, so the ATK/DEF of "Aleister the Invoker" become 500/900. The effect of "Black Garden" then activates, and halves the ATK of "Aleister the Invoker" to 250. Now, the effect of The "The Wicked Dreadroot" is reapplied to the newly-determined value, and halves it further to 125. (The DEF remains 900). If "The Wicked Dreadroot" leaves the field, the ATK of "Aleister the Invoker" becomes 250 again[1].

    21208154 The Wicked Avatar

    "The Wicked Avatar" and "Salamangreat Heatleo" are on the field, and the ATK/DEF of "The Wicked Avatar" are each 2400. If the effect of "Salamangreat Heatleo" is activated, targeting a "Knightmare Phoenix" in the Graveyard and "The Wicked Avatar" on the field, the ATK of "The Wicked Avatar" becomes 1900, but immediately reverts to 2400. During this turn, if the effects of "The Wicked Avatar" are negated, its ATK will become 1900 again and its DEF becomes 0[1][3].

    85066822 Water Dragon

    "Water Dragon", "Apple Magician Girl", and "Chocolate Magician Girl" are all on the field, and the ATK of "Apple Magician Girl" is 0 due to the effect of "Water Dragon". If "Magicians Unite" is activated, targeting "Apple Magician Girl", its ATK becomes 3000, but the effect of "Water Dragon" is immediately reapplied and makes the ATK become 0 again. If "Water Dragon" is destroyed this turn, the ATK of "Apple Magician Girl" becomes 3000 again[1].

    97811903 Clear Vice Dragon

    If "Clear Vice Dragon" attacks "Red-Eyes Black Dragon", "Clear Vice Dragon" will have 4800 ATK during damage calculation. If "TA.I. Strike" is activated during damage calculation, the ATK of "Clear Vice Dragon" becomes 2400, but the effect is reapplied and becomes 4800 again[1] .

    93130021 Victory Viper XX03

    "Victory Viper XX03" and an "Option Token" summoned by "Victory Viper XX03" are on the field. The Pendulum Effect of "Performapal Turn Toad" is applied to the "Option Token", which switches its ATK/DEF from 1200/1000 to 1000/1200. However, its ATK/DEF immediately readjust to be the same as "Victory Viper XX03", so they become 1200/1000 again[1].

    14291024 Gradius' Option

    "Gradius" and "Gradius' Option" are face-up on your side of the field. While the effect of "Gradius' Option" is applying, making its ATK 1200 and its DEF 800, the Pendulum Effect of "Performapal Turn Toad" is activated and switches its ATK and DEF, the ATK and DEF of "Gradius' Option" are calculated using its effect. In this scenario, although the 1200 ATK and 800 DEF of "Gradius' Option" are switched by the effect of "Performapal Turn Toad", the effect of "Gradius' Option" then changes its ATK and DEF to equal that of the selected "Gradius", which makes its ATK and DEF 1200 and 800 once again. The same result occurs when the monster effect during the Battle Phase of "Performapal Turn Toad" is applied to "Gradius' Option"[4].

    37261776 Salamangreat Violet Chimera

    A "Salamangreat Violet Chimera" that was Fusion Summoned using another "Salamangreat Violet Chimera" as material is face-up in your Monster Zone. If you attack a "Red-Eyes Zombie Necro Dragon" with that "Salamangreat Violet Chimera", the third effect of "Salamangreat Violet Chimera" is applied, it makes the ATK of the opponent's monster it battles become 0 during damage calculation only. If your opponent activates the effect of "Vampire Fraulein" during that damage calculation, even if the ATK of the opponent's monster is increased during damage calculation by the effect of "Vampire Fraulein", its ATK becomes 0 by the effect of "Salamangreat Violet Chimera", and damage calculation is performed[5].

    22359980 Mirror Wall

    "Injection Fairy Lily" attacks while "Mirror Wall" is on the field. Once the attack is declared, the ATK of "Injection Fairy Lily" is halved to 200. During damage calculation, if the effect of "Injection Fairy Lily" is activated, its ATK is recalculated. After its effect resolves, its ATK becomes 1700 due to "Mirror Wall", which is 3400 halved[1].

    The effect of "Mirror Wall" is applied to a "Cybernetic Magician" that attacked, so its ATK becomes 1200. If the effect of "Cybernetic Magician" is then activated, applying to itself, its ATK becomes 2000, but the effect of "Mirror Wall" immediately reapplies and halves that amount, so the ATK actually becomes 1000[1].

    References:
    1. YGOrg's article (unofficial resource)
    2. Pazim's Resources (unofficial resource)
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "The Wicked Avatar"
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Gradius' Option"
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Salamangreat Violet Chimera"

    10.4.2.2 Activated effects that work like non-activated effects: Set own ATK/DEF on Summon

    A monster's effect that sets its own current or original ATK/DEF upon being Summoned is generally considered a Continuous Effect, because it does not activate. However, these effects behave more like activated effects with respect to the interaction rules covered above. They are only applied once when the Summon is successful, and are not continuously-applying thereafter. "Naturia Beetle" is similar as well, although its effect is not applied upon being Summoned[1].

    Examples
    4280258 Apollousa, Bow of the Goddess

    "Apollousa, Bow of the Goddess" has an original ATK of 3200 by its own effect, and has used its effect to decrease its ATK by 800 twice, for a total decrease of 1600 ATK. If the effect of "Shrink" is applied to "Apollousa, Bow of the Goddess", its original ATK becomes 1600, and the decrease of 1600 by its own effect is reapplied, making its current ATK 0. At the end of the turn, the original ATK of "Apollousa, Bow of the Goddess" becomes 0[1][3].

    27762803 Naturia Beetle

    "Naturia Beetle" has its ATK/DEF halved by the effect of "Blackwing - Gale the Whirlwind", so its ATK/DEF are 200/900. If a Spell Card is activated, the effect of "Naturia Beetle" is applied and its original ATK/DEF switch. Its current ATK/DEF will be 1800/400, meaning the effect of "Blackwing - Gale the Whirlwind" is no longer applied[1].

    References:
    1. YGOrg's article (unofficial resource)
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Original ATK" can mean "printed ATK", sometimes
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Apollousa, Bow of the Goddess", "Shrink"

    10.4.2.3 Activated effects that work like non-activated effects

    Conversely, there are activated effects that behave like non-activated effects, such as "Spiritual Beast Apelio" and "Aroma Garden". The activated effect's resolution is to begin applying a non-activated effect, which then takes effect for a certain amount of time. These cards have effects that activate and resolve, but the applied increase functions like a non-activated effect[1].

    Examples
    86396750 Spiritual Beast Apelio

    The effect of your "Spiritual Beast Apelio" has activated and resolved. Your "Ritual Beast Ulti-Gaiapelio" with 3700 ATK attacks an opponent's Defense Position "Kazejin", and during damage calculation the effect of "Kazejin" is activated. The ATK of "Ritual Beast Ulti-Gaiapelio" becomes 0, and damage calculation occurs with that value. After damage calculation concludes, the effect of "Kazejin" stops applying and the effect of "Spiritual Beast Apelio" reapplies, so the ATK of "Ritual Beast Ulti-Gaiapelio" becomes 3700[1].

    References:
    1. YGOrg's article (unofficial resource)

    10.4.3 Legality of 0 ATK/DEF modifiers

    A Monster's (1) ATK/DEF is already 0. A card's (2) effect which involves:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality of effects that reduce ATK/DEF
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality of halving zero ATK/DEF
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality for setting ATK
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality for ATK/DEF switching

    10.4.4 Conjunction success for 0 ATK/DEF modifiers

    A Monster's (1) ATK/DEF is already 0. A card's (2) effect which involves:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: 0 ATK/DEF, reduction, and conjunction success
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Conjunction success of halving zero ATK/DEF
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality for ATK/DEF switching

    10.5 Attach

    Examples
    19310321 Heraldic Beast Twin-Headed Eagle

    You can banish this card from your Graveyard to target 1 face-up Xyz Monster you control with no Xyz Materials and 2 "Heraldic Beast" monsters in your Graveyard; attach those monsters from the Graveyard to that face-up Xyz Monster, as Xyz Materials. You can only use the effect of "Heraldic Beast Twin-Headed Eagle" once per turn.
    27068117 Overlay Regen

    Target 1 face-up Xyz Monster on the field; attach this card to it as material.
    68250822 Spright Double Cross

    Target 1 monster on the field or in either GY, then activate 1 of these appropriate effects;
    ● Attach the targeted monster to 1 Rank 2 monster you control as material.
    ● Place the targeted monster your opponent controls in your zone your Link-2 monster points to, and take control of it.
    ● Special Summon the targeted monster from either GY to your zone your Link-2 monster points to.
    You can only activate 1 "Spright Double Cross" per turn.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Armed Dragon Thunder LV10", "Cyber Dragon Infinity"
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Overlay Regen", "Book of Moon"
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Attaching material affects the monster being attached to

    10.6 Attack all once each

    Examples
    18940556 Ultimate Conductor Tyranno

    Cannot be Normal Summoned/Set. Must first be Special Summoned (from your hand) by banishing 2 Dinosaur monsters from your GY. Once per turn, during the Main Phase (Quick Effect): You can destroy 1 monster in your hand or field, and if you do, change all face-up monsters your opponent controls to face-down Defense Position. This card can attack all monsters your opponent controls, once each. At the start of the Damage Step, if this card attacks a Defense Position monster: You can inflict 1000 damage to your opponent, and if you do, send that Defense Position monster to the GY.
    40941889 ZW - Asura Strike

    You can target 1 "Utopia" monster you control; equip this monster from your hand or your side of the field to that target. It gains 1000 ATK. While this card is equipped to a monster, that monster can attack all monsters your opponent controls once each. You can only control 1 "ZW - Asura Strike".
    69039982 Crusadia Revival

    All "Crusadia" Link Monsters on the field gain 500 ATK. Once per turn: You can target 1 "Crusadia" Link Monster you control; this turn (even if this card leaves the field), it can attack all monsters your opponent controls once each, also other monsters you control cannot attack.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: As long as a monster was involved in an inappropriate attack at any point (even if the attack never reached the Damage Step), it can no longer attack all [X]
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Monsters that can attack all opponent's monsters once each cannot attack the opponent directly afterwards and vice versa
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Attack target redirection and effects that allow attacking all monsters, once each
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Multiple attacks, and the monster's effects being negated while attacking

    10.7 Attack directly

    Examples
    402568 Wattgiraffe

    This card can attack directly. If this card inflicts battle damage to your opponent by a direct attack: Your opponent cannot activate cards or effects until the end of this turn.
    6430659 Infected Mail

    Once per turn: You can target 1 Level 4 or lower monster you control; it can attack your opponent directly this turn. Send it to the Graveyard at the end of the Battle Phase.
    79997591 Doble Passe

    When an opponent's monster declares an attack on a face-up Attack Position monster you control: Make your opponent's attack a direct attack instead and inflict damage to your opponent equal to the ATK of the attack target you control. Also, that monster you control can attack your opponent directly during your next turn.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Metrognome", "Wavering Eyes"
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Monsters that can attack all opponent's monsters once each cannot attack the opponent directly afterwards and vice versa

    10.8 Attack while in face-up Defense Position

    Examples
    85908279 Invoked Cocytus

    "Aleister the Invoker" + 1 WATER monster
    Cannot be destroyed by your opponent's card effects. Your opponent cannot target this card with card effects. This card can attack while in face-up Defense Position. If it does, apply its ATK for damage calculation.

    3117804 Superheavy Samurai Big Benkei

    When this card is Normal or Special Summoned: You can change its battle position. "Superheavy Samurai" monsters you control can attack while in face-up Defense Position. If they do, apply their DEF for damage calculation.
    66749546 Icejade Creation Kingfisher

    You can target 1 WATER monster you control; equip this card from your hand or field to it. An "Icejade" monster equipped with this card can attack while in Defense Position. If it does, apply its DEF for damage calculation. While this card is equipped to a monster: You can target 1 monster your opponent controls with ATK less than or equal to the equipped monster's DEF; Special Summon this card, and if you do, return that targeted monster to the hand. You can only use this effect of "Icejade Creation Kingfisher" once per turn.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Superheavy Samurai Big Benkei", "Obnoxious Celtic Guard"
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Superheavy Samurai Warlord Susanowo", "Enemy Controller"
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Attacking in Defense Position, and negating the attacking monster's effects

    10.9 Banish

    Examples
    29301450 S:P Little Knight

    2 Effect Monsters
    If this card is Link Summoned using a Fusion, Synchro, Xyz, or Link Monster as material: You can target 1 card on the field or in either GY; banish it, also your monsters cannot attack directly this turn. When your opponent activates a card or effect (Quick Effect): You can target 2 face-up monsters on the field, including a monster you control; banish both until the End Phase. You can only use each effect of "S:P Little Knight" once per turn.

    81674782 Dimensional Fissure

    Any monster sent to the GY is banished instead.
    3167439 Dark World Punishment

    When a monster(s) would be Normal or Special Summoned: You can negate the Summon, and if you do, destroy that monster(s), then discard 1 Fiend monster. If a "Dark World" monster(s) you control would be destroyed by battle or an opponent's card effect, you can banish this card from your GY instead. You can only use each effect of "Dark World Punishment" once per turn.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Soul Absorption" and Tokens
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Effects negation, and what removes/doesn't remove it

    10.10 Banish face-down

    Examples
    32909498 Kashtira Fenrir

    If you control no monsters, you can Special Summon this card (from your hand). You can only use each of the following effects of "Kashtira Fenrir" once per turn. During your Main Phase: You can add 1 "Kashtira" monster from your Deck to your hand. When this card declares an attack, or if your opponent activates a monster effect (except during the Damage Step): You can target 1 face-up card your opponent controls; banish it, face-down.
    84211599 Pot of Prosperity

    Banish 3 or 6 cards of your choice from your Extra Deck, face-down; for the rest of this turn after this card resolves, any damage your opponent takes is halved, also excavate cards from the top of your Deck equal to the number of cards banished, add 1 excavated card to your hand, place the rest on the bottom of your Deck in any order. You can only activate 1 "Pot of Prosperity" per turn. You cannot draw cards by card effects the turn you activate this card.
    15693423 Evenly Matched

    At the end of the Battle Phase, if your opponent controls more cards than you do: You can make your opponent banish cards from their field face-down so they control the same number of cards as you do. If you control no cards, you can activate this card from your hand.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Chaos Scepter Blast", "Kashtira Arise-Heart" and Tokens
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Evenly Matched", "Panther Warrior"

    10.11 Banish it when it leaves the field

    Examples
    39522887 Snopios, Shade of the Ghoti

    During the Main Phase (Quick Effect): You can banish 2 Fish monsters from your hand and/or GY; Special Summon this card from your hand. If this card is Special Summoned: You can target 1 face-up card on the field; banish it when it leaves the field. If this card is banished: You can banish 1 Fish monster from your GY; add this card to your hand. You can only use each effect of "Snopios, Shade of the Ghoti" once per turn.
    65357623 Zombie Power Struggle

    Target 1 Zombie monster on the field; until the end of this turn, it gains 1000 ATK or loses 1000 ATK. During your Main Phase, if this card is in your GY: You can shuffle 1 of your banished Zombie monsters into the Deck, and if you do, Set this card, but banish it when it leaves the field. You can only use this effect of "Zombie Power Struggle" once per turn.
    24903843 Paleozoic Pikaia

    Discard 1 "Paleozoic" card, then draw 2 cards. Once per Chain, when a Trap Card is activated while this card is in your Graveyard: Special Summon this card as a Normal Monster (Aqua-Type/WATER/Level 2/ATK 1200/DEF 0). (This card is NOT treated as a Trap Card.) If Summoned this way, this card is unaffected by monster effects, also banish it when it leaves the field.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Plaguespreader Zombie", "Blackwing - Zephyros the Elite", "Immortal Phoenix Gearfried"

    10.12 Banish until - Temporarily banish

    Examples
    36553319 Farfa, Malebranche of the Burning Abyss

    If you control a monster that is not a "Burning Abyss" monster, destroy this card. You can only use 1 of these effects of "Farfa, Malebranche of the Burning Abyss" per turn, and only once that turn.
    ● If you control no Spells/Traps: You can Special Summon this card from your hand.
    ● If this card is sent to the GY: You can target 1 monster on the field; banish it until the End Phase.

    93236220 World Legacy Clash

    Banish 1 face-up monster you control (until the End Phase), then target 1 face-up monster your opponent controls; that target loses ATK/DEF equal to the original ATK/DEF of that banished monster.
    36261276 Interdimensional Matter Transporter

    Target 1 face-up monster you control; banish that target until the End Phase.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 150
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Temporary banishment & treating as a different copy
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "S:P Little Knight"
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "S:P Little Knight" more interactions
    5. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 176-177
    6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Temporary banishment and Normal-Summoned-Again status
    7. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Enemy Controller", "Interdimensional Matter Transporter"
    8. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Interdimensional Matter Forwarder", "Number 11: Big Eye"
    9. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Temporary banishment & Trap Monsters

    10.12.1 Retaining information

    Information regarding Retains if flipped face-down Retains if banished temporarily
    Properties of the cards used to perform that monster's Summon
    Names, Attributes, Types, Levels of the cards and the number of cards used     		❌ ❌[17]
    Example Question:
    My "World Gears of Theurlogical Demiurgy" was Link Summoned using "Knightmare Incarnation Idlee", "World Legacy Guardragon Mardark", and "Deus X-Krawler" as materials. If that "World Gears of Theurlogical Demiurgy" is banished by the effect of "Interdimensional Matter Transporter" until the End Phase, which of its effects will be applied after it returns to the field?
    Answer:
    If a "World Gears of Theurlogical Demiurgy" that was Link Summoned using 3 monsters with different Types and Attributes as materials is banished by the effect of "Interdimensional Matter Transporter", its effect that makes it unaffected by other monsters' effects applies again after it returns to the field. Afterward, during your Main Phase, you will not be able to activate its effect that destroys all other cards on the field.
    Which specific copies of cards used to perform that monster's Summon
    Ritual, Fusion, Synchro, Xyz, Link Materials     		✔️ ✔️[2][16]
    Example Question:
    A "Neo Blue-Eyes Ultimate Dragon" that was Fusion Summoned using 3 copies of "Blue-Eyes White Dragon" as materials is banished by the effect of "Interdimensional Matter Transporter" until the End Phase, then returned to the field.
    Afterward, if I activate "De-Fusion" targeting that "Neo Blue-Eyes Ultimate Dragon", can I Special Summon its materials from the Graveyard?
    Answer:
    In this scenario, you can apply the part of the effect of "De-Fusion" that Special Summons all the materials used for the returned Fusion Monster's Fusion Summon, so you can Special Summon the 3 "Blue-Eyes White Dragon"s from your Graveyard.
    Which specific method or effect performed that monster's Summon
    Monsters being Summoned by their own specific method     		❌[23]
    Example Question:
    By its own effect, "The Tripper Mercury" is Tribute Summoned by Tributing 3 monsters. Then, if "Book of Moon" is activated, and "The Tripper Mercury" is changed to face-down Defense Position, what happens to the effect that makes my opponent's monsters lose ATK equal to their original ATK?
    Answer:
    If "The Tripper Mercury" is Tribute Summoned by Tributing 3 monsters, and is then changed to face-down Defense Position by the effect of "Book of Moon", the effect that reduces the ATK of your opponent's monsters stops applying. (Afterward, even if "The Tripper Mercury" is flipped face-up, this effect does not reapply.)
    		✔️[22]
    Example Question:
    "The Tripper Mercury" was Tribute Summoned by Tributing 3 monsters. If the effect of "Farfa, Malebranche of the Burning Abyss" is activated, and "The Tripper Mercury" is banished until the End Phase, will its effect that lowers the ATK of my opponent's monsters still apply afterward?
    Answer:
    If "The Tripper Mercury" was Tribute Summoned by Tributing 3 monsters, and then afterward banished by the effect of "Farfa, Malebranche of the Burning Abyss", the effect that lowers the ATK of your opponent's monsters stops applying while "The Tripper Mercury" is banished. Then, when "The Tripper Mercury" returns to the field, the effect that lowers the ATK of your opponent's monsters will apply again.
    Where that monster was Summoned from ❌[15][20]
    Example Question:
    There is a face-down Defense Position monster on my opponent's field, which was at one point Special Summoned from the Graveyard.
    In this situation, can I activate "Exosister Arment" during my turn, which is only possible if my opponent controls a monster which was Special Summoned from the Graveyard?
    Answer:
    If a monster is Special Summoned from the Graveyard, that monster is treated as a monster that was Special Summoned from the Graveyard, regardless of its battle position. This includes a monster which was Special Summoned from the Graveyard in face-down Defense Position, and then flipped face-up.
    If any such monster is on your opponent's field, you can activate "Exosister Arment" during your turn. (As that monster is treated as having been Special Summoned from the Graveyard.)
    However, if a face-up monster on the field which was Special Summoned from the Graveyard is flipped face-down, that monster is no longer treated as a monster that was Special Summoned from the Graveyard.
    		✔️[19]
    Example Question:
    A monster on my opponent's field, which was Special Summoned from the Graveyard, is temporarily banished by "Interdimensional Matter Transporter", then returns to the field.
    In this situation, can I activate "Exosister Arment" during my turn, which is only possible if my opponent controls a monster which was Special Summoned from the Graveyard?
    Answer:
    Yes, you can.
    (If a monster is Special Summoned from the Graveyard, and then banished temporarily, it is still treated as a monster that was Special Summoned from the Graveyard after returning to the field.)
    Lingering effects previously applied to that monster ❌[3] ❌
    If that monster's "once per turn" has been used this turn (if retains it can't use the "once per turn" again)

    EXCEPTION: effects that flip the monster itself face-down will be remembered     		❌[4][9]
    Example Question:
    If "Pahunder" is flipped face-down by "Book of Moon" during a turn in which its effect has been activated and resolved, but then is flipped face-up again by "Book of Taiyou" later that turn, can "Pahunder"'s effect be activated again?
    Answer:
    Yes, it can.
    		❌[4]
    If that monster's Battle Position has been changed this turn (if retains it can't change Battle Position again) ✔️[3] ❌
    If that monster has declared an attack this turn (if retains it can't attack again) ✔️[3][11]
    Example Question:
    After applying the effect of "Dragocytos Corrupted Nethersoul Dragon" which allows it to attack a second time, once in the Battle Step again, "Book of Moon" is activated a changes "Dragocytos Corrupted Nethersoul Dragon" to face-down Defense Position. Will it still be able to attack a second time after this?
    Answer:
    After applying this effect, if "Dragocytos Corrupted Nethersoul Dragon" becomes face-down, the effect no longer applies. (During the same Battle Step, even if "Dragocytos Corrupted Nethersoul Dragon" returns to face-up Attack Position, it cannot attack again.)
    		❌
    If that monster was Set, Normal, Tribute, or Special Summoned, including the type of Special Summon (Ritual, Fusion, Synchro, Xyz, Link)

    Exceptions below     		✔️[5][6][7][21]
    Example Question:
    If a Fusion Summoned "Vision HERO Trinity" is flipped face-down, or banished by "Interdimensional Matter Transporter", will its ATK still be doubled when it returns to being face-up?
    Additionally, will its effect that allows it to make a second and third attack during each Battle Phase still be applying?
    Answer:
    If "Vision HERO Trinity" is flipped face-down, or temporarily banished by "Interdimensional Matter Transporter", its ATK will return to the 2500 printed on the card.
    Additionally, the effect that allows it to make a second and third attack during each Battle Phase will still be applied.
    		✔️[7][10][12][17]
    Example Question:
    I control a "Red Wyvern", whose effect, which "can only be used once while this card is face-up on the field," has already been used. "Red Wyvern" is now banished until the End Phase by "Interdimensional Matter Transporter".
    Once it returns, can I use "Red Wyvern"'s effect?
    Answer:
    Yes, you will be able to.
    This also applies to the other monster effects, among others: "Baronne de Fleur"'s second effect and "Ogdoabyss, the Ogdoadic Overlord"'s second effect (though note they cannot be used twice during the same turn); also "Silent Paladin"'s second effect, "Schuberta the Melodious Maestra"'s first effect, "One-Eyed Skill Gainer"'s effect, "Suijin"'s effect, "Kazejin"'s effect, and "Sanga of the Thunder"'s effect.
    If a Gemini monster was Normal Summoned again ❌ ❌[8]
    Example Question:
    "Elemental HERO Neos Alius" is Special Summoned by the effect of "A Hero Lives", and then Normal Summoned again so that its effect that treats its name as "Elemental HERO Neos" is applying. Afterward, "Elemental HERO Neos Alius" is banished by the effect of "Interdimensional Matter Transporter", and then returned to the field during the End Phase. In this case, is it possible to equip "Elemental HERO Neos Alius" with "Bashing Shield"?
    Answer:
    In this scenario, after "Elemental HERO Neos Alius" is banished by the effect of "Interdimensional Matter Transporter" and subsequently returned to the field, it is treated as a Normal Monster again and its effect that treats its name as "Elemental HERO Neos" is no longer applied. Even in this case, "Elemental HERO Neos Alius" is still treated as a Normal Summoned monster, and so it can be equipped with "Bashing Shield".
    If that monster was Pendulum Summoned ❌[14]
    Example Question:
    An "Odd-Eyes Phantom Dragon" that was Special Summoned by a Pendulum Summon was changed to face-down Defense Position by the effect of "Book of Moon". Later, that "Odd-Eyes Phantom Dragon" was Flip Summoned, and inflicted battle damage to the opponent while attacking during the Battle Phase. In this case, can its monster effect of being a Pendulum Summoned card that inflicted battle damage to your opponent be activated?
    Answer:
    If an "Odd-Eyes Phantom Dragon" that was Pendulum Summoned is changed to face-down Defense Position, even if it's later returned to being face-up, that monster is no longer treated as being Special Summoned by a Pendulum Summon. Therefore, the monster effect of being a Pendulum Summoned card that inflicted battle damage to your opponent cannot be activated.
    		✔️[13]
    Example Question:
    An "Odd-Eyes Phantom Dragon" that was Special Summoned by a Pendulum Summon was banished until the End Phase by the effect of "Interdimensional Matter Transporter". Later, if the "Odd-Eyes Phantom Dragon" that returned to the field attacks and inflicts battle damage to the opponent, can its monster effect of being a Pendulum Summoned card that inflicted battle damage to your opponent be activated?
    Answer:
    If an "Odd-Eyes Phantom Dragon" that was Pendulum Summoned was banished by the effect of "Interdimensional Matter Transporter", that "Odd-Eyes Phantom Dragon" that returned to the field is treated as being Special Summoned by a Pendulum Summon, just like before it was banished. Therefore, the monster effect of being a Pendulum Summoned card that inflicted battle damage to your opponent can be activated.
    If that monster was Flip Summoned ❌ ❌
    The turn that monster was Set, Normal, Tribute, or Special Summoned ❌[24]
    Example Question:
    My "Raidraptor - Vanishing Lanius", which was Normal or Special Summoned this turn, is flipped face-down, then face-up again. Can I now activate "Raidraptor - Vanishing Lanius"'s "if this card was Normal or Special Summoned this turn" effect?
    Answer:
    No, you cannot.
    In order to activate "Raidraptor - Vanishing Lanius"' "if this card was Normal or Special Summoned this turn" effect, it must remain face-up in the Monster Zone from the time it is Normal or Special Summoned, to the time you activate its effect.
    		❌[18]
    Example Question:
    After I Special Summon "Sky Striker Ace - Shizuku", during the same turn, it is banished temporarily by "S:P Little Knight"'s effect. After "Sky Striker Ace - Shizuku" returns to the field during the End Phase, can I activate its "during the End Phase, if this card was Special Summoned this turn" effect?
    Answer:
    No, you cannot.
    In order to activate "Sky Striker Ace - Shizuku"'s "during the End Phase, if this card was Special Summoned this turn" effect, it must remain faceup in the Monster Zone from the time it is Special Summoned until the End Phase.
    References:
    1. Pazim's Resources (unofficial resource)
    2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 88, 91, 101
    3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 168-169
    4. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 177
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Being flipped face-down and being treated as a Ritual Summoned monster
    6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Monsters are still considered to have been Special Summoned after being flipped face-down
    7. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Temporary banishment or being flipped face-down and being treated as a Fusion Summoned monster
    8. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Temporary banishment and Normal-Summoned-Again status
    9. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Once per turn:" restrictions are reset when the monster is flipped face-down
    10. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Temporary banishment and being treated as a Ritual Summoned monster
    11. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: If a monster is flipped face-down after attacking, then face-up again, it still cannot attack again
    12. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Temporary banishment and being treated as a Synchro Summoned monster
    13. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Temporary banishment and being treated as a Pendulum Summoned monster
    14. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Being flipped face-down and being treated as a Pendulum Summoned monster
    15. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Being flipped face-down and being considered to have been Summoned from a particular location
    16. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Fusion Materials "remember" being used when the Fusion Monster is banished temporarily
    17. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Temporary banishment and being treated as a Link Summoned monster
    18. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Sky Striker Ace - Shizuku", "S:P Little Knight"
    19. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Special Summoned from a particular location + temporarily banished
    20. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Special Summoned from a particular location + flipped face-down
    21. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "March of the Monarchs", "Book of Eclipse"
    22. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "The Tripper Mercury", "Farfa, Malebranche of the Burning Abyss"
    23. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "The Tripper Mercury", "Book of Moon"
    24. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Raidraptor - Vanishing Lanius" and being flipped face-down

    10.13 Battle/Battled

    Examples
    37742478 Honest

    During your Main Phase: You can return this face-up card from the field to the hand. During the Damage Step, when a LIGHT monster you control battles (Quick Effect): You can send this card from your hand to the GY; that monster gains ATK equal to the ATK of the opponent's monster it is battling, until the end of this turn.
    57736667 Mikanko Dance - Mayowashidori

    The equipped monster cannot be destroyed by card effects. You can only use each of the following effects of "Mikanko Dance - Mayowashidori" once per turn. At the end of the Damage Step, if your "Mikanko" monster battled: You can target 1 card on the field; return it to the hand. If this card is in your GY: You can target 1 "Mikanko" monster in your GY; Special Summon it, and if you do, equip it with this card, but banish it when it leaves the field.
    58297729 Transmission Gear

    During damage calculation, if your monster battles an opponent's monster: Play rock-paper-scissors with your opponent. Make the losing player banish the battling monster they control, face-down.
    References:
    1. Official rulebook page 52
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Magnetic Field"

    10.13.1 End of the Damage Step still occurs even if damage calculation was never conducted: "having attacked"

    A card whose effect reads "at the end of the Damage Step" can be activated even if damage calculation has not been conducted and Before Damage Calculation has been reached[1][3].

    Example Question:
    My "Neo Blue-Eyes Ultimate Dragon" attacks my opponent's "Ally of Justice Catastor".
    At the Start of the Damage Step, the "destroy that monster" effect of "Ally of Justice Catastor" is activated, however by "Divine Wrath" resolves in response, negating the activation and destroying "Ally of Justice Catastor". Afterwards, can I still activate the "at the end of the Damage Step, if this is the only face-up card you control, and this Fusion Summoned card attacked:" effect of "Neo Blue-Eyes Ultimate Dragon"?
    Answer:
    In the situation you describe, the "Ally of Justice Catastor" that is being targeted for the attack is destroyed by "Divine Wrath", and therefore damage calculation is not conducted. However, "Neo Blue-Eyes Ultimate Dragon" is still attacking, and you can still activate its effect at the End of the Damage Step.

    Also if an attack progresses until the Damage Step, that attacking monster is treated as "having attacked"[2].

    Example An attack was declared with "Dante, Traveler of the Burning Abyss" on an opponent's monster and the attack progressed until the Damage Step. Afterwards, even if the opponent's monster disappears and damage calculation is not performed, the effect that says "If this card attacks, it is changed to Defense Position at the end of the Battle Phase" is applied at the end of the Battle Phase.

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: End of the Damage Step still occurs even if damage calculation was never conducted
    2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 188
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Battling monsters leaving the field, and Damage Step events occurring

    10.14 Can only control 1 - Unique on the Field

    Examples
    62473983 Gravekeeper's Chief

    You can only control 1 face-up "Gravekeeper's Chief". Your GY is unaffected by "Necrovalley". When this card is Tribute Summoned: You can target 1 "Gravekeeper's" monster in your GY; Special Summon that target.
    7153114 Field Barrier

    Field Spells on the field cannot be destroyed. Neither player can activate a new Field Spell Card. You can only control 1 "Field Barrier".
    9995766 Imperial Custom

    Face-up Continuous Traps cannot be destroyed by battle or card effect, except "Imperial Custom". You can only control 1 "Imperial Custom".
    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "You can only control 1" effects not destroying by card effect
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Malefic Blue-Eyes White Dragon" can only control 1

    10.15 Can only control 1 - "Rivalry of Warlords"/"Gozen Match" like

    Examples
    23931679 Ocean Dragon Lord - Kairyu-Shin

    While "Umi" is on the field, each player can only control 1 face-up non-WATER monster. (If a player controls 2 or more, they must send some to the GY so they only control 1.) During your Main Phase: You can add from your Deck to your hand 1 "Umi", 1 "Kairyu-Shin" Spell/Trap, or 1 "Sea Stealth" Spell/Trap. You can only use this effect of "Ocean Dragon Lord - Kairyu-Shin" once per turn.
    90846359 Rivalry of Warlords

    Each player can only control 1 Type of monster. Send all other face-up monsters they control to the GY.
    24207889 There Can Be Only One

    Each player can only control 1 monster of each Type. If a player controls 2 or more monsters of the same Type, they must send some to the GY so they control no more than 1 monster of that Type.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. Official KONAMI's FAQ of "Rivalry of Warlords" and "Gozen Match"
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Rivalry of Warlords" and face-down monsters
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Floodgates & summon-immediately-after
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Gozen Match", "Elemental Mistress Doriado"

    10.15.1 What monsters can be summoned

    While Rivalry/Gozen is active and you have a face-up monster, you cannot Summon monsters that are a different Type/Attribute from the monster(s) you already control.

    So you can't do any of the following to put a monster with the wrong Type/Attribute on your side of the field:

    While Rivalry/Gozen is active, you can still Set monsters of any Type/Attribute, and you can Special Summon monsters of the wrong Type/Attribute face-down. But you can't Flip Summon them afterwards, and they're sent to the Graveyard after damage calculation if your opponent attacks them. (Also, in that case, you won't get the effects of cards that need to be destroyed by battle and sent to the Graveyard, because they're sent to the Graveyard by the Trap Card's effect instead).

    References:
    1. Official KONAMI's FAQ of "Rivalry of Warlords" and "Gozen Match"

    10.15.2 Special Summoning cards and effects that can be activated

    References:
    1. Official KONAMI's FAQ of "Rivalry of Warlords" and "Gozen Match"
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Rivalry of Warlords", "Gladiator Beast Laquari", "Gladiator Beast Hoplomus"

    10.16 Cannot/Neither player can

    Examples
    42009836 Fossil Dyna Pachycephalo

    If this card is flipped face-up: Destroy all Special Summoned monsters on the field. Neither player can Special Summon monsters.
    76375976 Mystic Mine

    If your opponent controls more monsters than you do, your opponent cannot activate monster effects or declare an attack. If you control more monsters than your opponent does, you cannot activate monster effects or declare an attack. Once per turn, during the End Phase, if both players control the same number of monsters: Destroy this card.
    30459350 Imperial Iron Wall

    Neither player can banish cards.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 144
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "you cannot banish" beats "you must banish"
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Anti-Spell Fragrance", "Metaverse"

    10.17 Cannot activate when [event] - Unable to respond to when specific events happen

    Examples
    93506862 Gishki Vanity

    During your Main Phase: You can discard this card; this turn, your opponent cannot activate Spells, Traps, Spell/Trap effects, or Monster Card effects when a "Gishki" monster is Ritual Summoned, or when a "Gishki" Ritual Spell Card is activated.
    18973184 Branded Lost

    The activation of your cards and effects that include an effect that Fusion Summons a Fusion Monster cannot be negated, also your opponent cannot activate cards or effects when a monster is Fusion Summoned this way. If you Fusion Summon a Fusion Monster: You can add 1 "Fallen of Albaz", or 1 monster that mentions it, from your Deck to your hand. You can only use this effect of "Branded Lost" once per turn.
    8414337 Dust Storm of Gusto

    Your opponent cannot activate cards or effects when "Gusto" monsters you control declare their attacks this turn.
    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Being unable to respond to when specific events happen
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Being unable to respond to specific activations
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: 'When' actually means 'when'
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: SEGOC and effects that cannot be responded to

    10.18 Cannot be destroyed once/next/first time per turn

    Examples
    97021916 Dark Resonator

    The first time this card would be destroyed by battle each turn, it is not destroyed.
    79777187 Bubble Barrier

    Each "Performapal" and "Performage" monster you control cannot be destroyed by battle or card effect once per turn. You take no battle damage from attacks involving "Performapal" and "Performage" monsters you control.
    98431356 Phantom Knights' Wing

    Target 1 face-up monster on the field; it gains 500 ATK, also the first time that target would be destroyed by battle or card effect this turn, it is not destroyed. You can banish this card from your GY, then target 1 "The Phantom Knights" monster in your GY; Special Summon it, but banish it when it leaves the field. You can only use this effect of "Phantom Knights' Wing" once per turn.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Multiple "cannot be destroyed once per turn" effects all apply to the first destruction
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Cannot be destroyed once per turn" effects are not consumed if the card cannot be destroyed in the first place
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Hugin the Runick Wings", "Runick Slumber"

    10.19 Cannot be negated

    Examples
    56208713 Bacha the Melodious Maestra

    2 "Melodious" monsters
    While you control this Fusion Summoned card, the activated effects of your "Melodious" Fusion Monsters cannot be negated. You can only use each of the following effects of "Bacha the Melodious Maestra" once per turn. If this card is Special Summoned: You can Special Summon 1 "Melodious" monster from your Deck. If this card is sent to the GY: You can target 1 "Melodious" monster in your GY, except "Bacha the Melodious Maestra"; Special Summon it in Defense Position.

    86825483 Constellar Belt

    The activation of LIGHT monsters' effects cannot be negated.
    27541563 Altergeist Protocol

    The activation and effects of "Altergeist" cards activated on your field cannot be negated. When your opponent activates a monster effect: You can send 1 other face-up "Altergeist" card you control to the GY; negate the activation, and if you do, destroy it. You can only use this effect of "Altergeist Protocol" once per turn.
    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: You can attempt to negate the activation of something that cannot have its activation negated (that attempt will not succeed)

    10.20 Cannot summon - Summon restrictions

    Examples
    3395226 Mozarta the Melodious Maestra

    Once per turn: You can Special Summon 1 LIGHT Fairy-Type monster from your hand. You cannot Special Summon other monsters the turn you activate this effect, except for LIGHT monsters.
    19844995 Power Filter

    Neither player can Special Summon monsters with 1000 or less ATK.
    83326048 Dimensional Barrier

    Declare 1 monster card type (Ritual, Fusion, Synchro, Xyz, or Pendulum); for the rest of this turn, neither player can Special Summon monsters of the declared type, also negate the effects of all monsters of that type while they are on the field. You can only activate 1 "Dimensional Barrier" per turn.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. Official KONAMI's 2021 rules update
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Solemn Judgment", "Rage with Eyes of Blue"
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Blazewing Butterfly", "Heat Wave"
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Property changing and being treated as having Special Summoned monsters with a given property
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Monsters being summoned "as a monster with Y property", and restrictions on summoning monsters with/without a specific property X

    10.21 Cannot switch control/possession

    Examples
    20546916 Botanical Lion

    This card gains 300 ATK for each Plant-Type monster you control. Control of this face-up card on the field cannot switch.
    99946920 Taotie, Shadow of the Yang Zing

    When this card you control is destroyed by battle or card effect and sent to your Graveyard: You can Special Summon 1 "Yang Zing" monster from your Deck in Defense Position, except "Taotie, Shadow of the Yang Zing". You can only use this effect of "Taotie, Shadow of the Yang Zing" once per turn. Once per turn, during your opponent's Main Phase or Battle Phase, you can: Immediately after this effect resolves, Synchro Summon 1 Synchro Monster, using only "Yang Zing" monsters you control (this is a Quick Effect). Possession of a Synchro Monster on the field that used this card as a Synchro Material cannot switch.
    10182251 Lyrilusc - Beryl Canary

    If this card is in your hand: You can target 1 "Lyrilusc" monster in your GY; Special Summon both this card and that monster, also you cannot Special Summon monsters from the Extra Deck for the rest of this turn, except Xyz Monsters. You can only use this effect of "Lyrilusc - Beryl Canary" once per turn. A WIND Xyz Monster that was Summoned using this card on the field as material gains this effect.
    ● This card gains 200 ATK, also its control cannot switch.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Blue-Eyes of the Heart"
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Armed Dragon Thunder LV10", "Cyber Dragon Infinity"
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality for attempting to take control
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Armed Dragon Thunder LV10", "Relinquished"

    10.22 Cannot target for attacks

    Examples
    80208158 D.D. Esper Star Sparrow

    There can only be 1 "D.D. Esper Star Sparrow" on the field. Your opponent cannot target other monsters you control with effects or for attacks. When an opponent's monster declares a direct attack while this card is in your Graveyard: You can Special Summon this card from your Graveyard in face-up Defense Position. If Summoned this way, banish it when it leaves the field.
    99795159 Ghostrick Mansion

    Monsters cannot attack face-down Defense Position monsters, but can attack directly if all monsters their opponent controls are face-down Defense Position. All effect damage, and battle damage inflicted by monsters other than "Ghostrick" monsters, is halved.
    46502013 Pixie Ring

    While you control 2 or more face-up Attack Position monsters, your opponent cannot target your monster(s) with the lowest ATK for an attack.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Must attack" & "cannot be targeted for attacks"
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Preventing monsters from being targeted for an attack affects the monsters doing the attack targeting
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "The Winged Dragon of Ra - Sphere Mode"

    10.23 Cannot target for effects

    Examples
    55410871 Blue-Eyes Chaos MAX Dragon

    You can Ritual Summon this card with "Chaos Form". Must be Ritual Summoned. Your opponent cannot target this card with card effects, also it cannot be destroyed by your opponent's card effects. If this card attacks a Defense Position monster, inflict double piercing battle damage.
    70147689 Ancient Gear Fortress

    During the turn they were Normal or Special Summoned, your opponent cannot target "Ancient Gear" monsters you control with card effects, and they cannot be destroyed by your opponent's card effects. Your opponent cannot activate cards or effects in response to the activation of "Ancient Gear" cards and effects. If this card is destroyed in the Spell & Trap Zone: You can Special Summon 1 "Ancient Gear" monster from your hand or Graveyard, also you cannot Special Summon monsters for the rest of this turn, except "Ancient Gear" monsters.
    86885905 Altergeist Emulatelf

    Special Summon this card as an Effect Monster (Spellcaster/LIGHT/Level 4/ATK 1400/DEF 1800). (This card is also still a Trap.) If Summoned this way, while it is in the Monster Zone, other "Altergeist" Traps you control cannot be destroyed by card effects, also neither player can target them with card effects.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Preventing a monster from being targeted does not affect the monster (Unless you are applying an effect to the monster)

    10.24 Cannot use - "Prohibition"/"Psi-Blocker"

    29417188 Psi-Blocker

    Once per turn: You can declare 1 card name; cards with that name, and their effects, cannot be used until the End of your opponent's next turn.
    43711255 Prohibition

    Activate by declaring 1 card name. Cards with that name, and their effects, cannot be used. Cards already on the field are not affected (including face-down cards).

    Currently, only these two cards have this kind of effect.

    What you can do:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 174

    10.25 Change attack target

    Examples
    34475451 Construction Train Signal Red

    When an opponent's monster declares an attack: You can Special Summon this card from your hand, and if you do, change the attack target to this card and proceed to damage calculation. This card cannot be destroyed by that battle.
    23446369 Eye of Illusion

    If you control an Illusion or Spellcaster monster: Activate 1 of these effects;
    ● Your Illusion and Spellcaster monsters cannot be destroyed by battle this turn.
    ● During your opponent's turn: Target 1 face-up monster your opponent controls; take control of it until the End Phase.
    ● When an opponent's monster declares an attack: Target 1 face-up monster your opponent controls, except the attacking monster; change the attack target to it and perform damage calculation.

    3103067 Attack Guidance Armor

    When a monster declares an attack: Activate 1 of these effects;
    ● Destroy the attacking monster.
    ● Target 1 monster on either field, except the attacking monster; change the attack target to it and perform damage calculation.
    You can only activate 1 "Attack Guidance Armor" per turn.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Conducting damage calculation while an effect is resolving
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Attack target redirection and effects that allow attacking all monsters, once each
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Decoy Dragon", "Electromagnetic Turtle"
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Changing the attack target affects the monster

    10.26 Change battle position

    Examples
    47579719 Constellar Hyades

    2 Level 3 LIGHT monsters
    Once per turn: You can detach 1 Xyz Material from this card; change all monsters your opponent controls to face-up Defense Position.

    14087893 Book of Moon

    Target 1 face-up monster on the field; change that target to face-down Defense Position.
    59744639 Windstorm of Etaqua

    Change the battle positions of all face-up monsters your opponent controls.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Superheavy Samurai Warlord Susanowo", "Enemy Controller"

    10.27 Change card/effect target to another appropriate target

    Examples
    21501505 Cairngorgon, Antiluminescent Knight

    2 Level 4 monsters
    During either player's turn, when another card or effect is activated that targets exactly 1 card on the field (and no other cards): You can detach 1 Xyz Material from this card, then target another card on the field that would be an appropriate target for that card/effect; that card/effect now targets the new target.

    59560625 Shift

    When your opponent targets exactly 1 monster you control (and no other cards) for an attack, or with a Spell/Trap effect: Target another monster you control that would be an appropriate target; that attack/Spell/Trap now targets the new target.
    17653779 Fairy's Hand Mirror

    When your opponent activates a Spell Card that targets exactly 1 monster (and no other cards) on the field: Target another card that would be an appropriate target; that Spell now targets the new target.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Fairy's Hand Mirror", "Spirit Reaper"
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Cairngorgon, Antiluminescent Knight", "Odd-Eyes Persona Dragon"

    10.28 Change/Take/Give/Switch Control

    Examples
    81522098 Mimighoul Dragon

    FLIP: If it is the Main Phase: Apply these effects in sequence.
    ● Destroy all face-up monsters you control, except "Mimighoul" monsters.
    ● Give control of this card to your opponent.
    During your Main Phase: You can Special Summon this card from your hand to your opponent's field in face-down Defense Position. If this card is Normal or Special Summoned: You can add 1 "Mimighoul" Spell/Trap from your Deck to your hand. You can only use each effect of "Mimighoul Dragon" once per turn.

    37520316 Mind Control

    Target 1 monster your opponent controls; until the End Phase, take control of that target, but it cannot declare an attack or be Tributed.
    30426226 Switcheroroo

    If you control the same number of monsters as your opponent, switch control of all those monsters.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 152-153
    2. Official rulebook page 15
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Unqualified 'once per turn' and change of control
    4. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 176-177
    5. Official rulebook page 51
    6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Enemy Controller", "Interdimensional Matter Transporter"
    7. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Interdimensional Matter Forwarder", "Number 11: Big Eye"
    8. Official KONAMI's FAQ of "Rivalry of Warlords" and "Gozen Match"
    9. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality for attempting to take control
    10. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Goyo Guardian", "Ancient Warriors - Ambitious Cao De"
    11. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 148-149
    12. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Ghost Mourner & Moonlit Chill" and changing control

    10.28.1 Legality of change control

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 152-153
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation Legality for Change of Control

    10.28.2 Triggers for changing control

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Monsters changing control after their Trigger effect meets its activation condition, before that effect can be activated
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Special Summoning to a player's field, and control being changed before the effect can be activated

    10.29 Change to face-down Defense Position

    Examples
    41924516 Silvera, Wolf Tamer of the White Forest

    1 Tuner + 1+ non-Tuner monsters
    If this card is Special Summoned: You can change all face-up monsters your opponent controls to face-down Defense Position. Illusion and Spellcaster Synchro Monsters you control gain 500 ATK, also if they attack a Defense Position monster, inflict double piercing battle damage to your opponent.

    14087893 Book of Moon

    Target 1 face-up monster on the field; change that target to face-down Defense Position.
    40838625 Quaking Mirror Force

    When an opponent's monster declares an attack: Change all your opponent's Attack Position monsters to face-down Defense Position. Monsters changed to face-down Defense Position by this effect cannot change their battle positions.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 168-169
    2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 118-119
    3. Official rulebook page 54
    4. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 176-177
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Heavy Mech Support Armor", "Book of Moon"
    6. Official rulebook page 51
    7. Official rulebook page 15
    8. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 171-172
    9. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Overlay Regen", "Book of Moon"
    10. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Negating the activation of a monster's activated effect while it is face-down
    11. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Negating a monster's activated effect while it is face-down
    12. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Effects negation, and what removes/doesn't remove it
    13. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 169-170
    14. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Changing from Monster+Trap to Trap does not create a new copy

    10.29.1 Retaining information

    Information regarding Retains if flipped face-down Retains if banished temporarily
    Properties of the cards used to perform that monster's Summon
    Names, Attributes, Types, Levels of the cards and the number of cards used     		❌ ❌[17]
    Example Question:
    My "World Gears of Theurlogical Demiurgy" was Link Summoned using "Knightmare Incarnation Idlee", "World Legacy Guardragon Mardark", and "Deus X-Krawler" as materials. If that "World Gears of Theurlogical Demiurgy" is banished by the effect of "Interdimensional Matter Transporter" until the End Phase, which of its effects will be applied after it returns to the field?
    Answer:
    If a "World Gears of Theurlogical Demiurgy" that was Link Summoned using 3 monsters with different Types and Attributes as materials is banished by the effect of "Interdimensional Matter Transporter", its effect that makes it unaffected by other monsters' effects applies again after it returns to the field. Afterward, during your Main Phase, you will not be able to activate its effect that destroys all other cards on the field.
    Which specific copies of cards used to perform that monster's Summon
    Ritual, Fusion, Synchro, Xyz, Link Materials     		✔️ ✔️[2][16]
    Example Question:
    A "Neo Blue-Eyes Ultimate Dragon" that was Fusion Summoned using 3 copies of "Blue-Eyes White Dragon" as materials is banished by the effect of "Interdimensional Matter Transporter" until the End Phase, then returned to the field.
    Afterward, if I activate "De-Fusion" targeting that "Neo Blue-Eyes Ultimate Dragon", can I Special Summon its materials from the Graveyard?
    Answer:
    In this scenario, you can apply the part of the effect of "De-Fusion" that Special Summons all the materials used for the returned Fusion Monster's Fusion Summon, so you can Special Summon the 3 "Blue-Eyes White Dragon"s from your Graveyard.
    Which specific method or effect performed that monster's Summon
    Monsters being Summoned by their own specific method     		❌[23]
    Example Question:
    By its own effect, "The Tripper Mercury" is Tribute Summoned by Tributing 3 monsters. Then, if "Book of Moon" is activated, and "The Tripper Mercury" is changed to face-down Defense Position, what happens to the effect that makes my opponent's monsters lose ATK equal to their original ATK?
    Answer:
    If "The Tripper Mercury" is Tribute Summoned by Tributing 3 monsters, and is then changed to face-down Defense Position by the effect of "Book of Moon", the effect that reduces the ATK of your opponent's monsters stops applying. (Afterward, even if "The Tripper Mercury" is flipped face-up, this effect does not reapply.)
    		✔️[22]
    Example Question:
    "The Tripper Mercury" was Tribute Summoned by Tributing 3 monsters. If the effect of "Farfa, Malebranche of the Burning Abyss" is activated, and "The Tripper Mercury" is banished until the End Phase, will its effect that lowers the ATK of my opponent's monsters still apply afterward?
    Answer:
    If "The Tripper Mercury" was Tribute Summoned by Tributing 3 monsters, and then afterward banished by the effect of "Farfa, Malebranche of the Burning Abyss", the effect that lowers the ATK of your opponent's monsters stops applying while "The Tripper Mercury" is banished. Then, when "The Tripper Mercury" returns to the field, the effect that lowers the ATK of your opponent's monsters will apply again.
    Where that monster was Summoned from ❌[15][20]
    Example Question:
    There is a face-down Defense Position monster on my opponent's field, which was at one point Special Summoned from the Graveyard.
    In this situation, can I activate "Exosister Arment" during my turn, which is only possible if my opponent controls a monster which was Special Summoned from the Graveyard?
    Answer:
    If a monster is Special Summoned from the Graveyard, that monster is treated as a monster that was Special Summoned from the Graveyard, regardless of its battle position. This includes a monster which was Special Summoned from the Graveyard in face-down Defense Position, and then flipped face-up.
    If any such monster is on your opponent's field, you can activate "Exosister Arment" during your turn. (As that monster is treated as having been Special Summoned from the Graveyard.)
    However, if a face-up monster on the field which was Special Summoned from the Graveyard is flipped face-down, that monster is no longer treated as a monster that was Special Summoned from the Graveyard.
    		✔️[19]
    Example Question:
    A monster on my opponent's field, which was Special Summoned from the Graveyard, is temporarily banished by "Interdimensional Matter Transporter", then returns to the field.
    In this situation, can I activate "Exosister Arment" during my turn, which is only possible if my opponent controls a monster which was Special Summoned from the Graveyard?
    Answer:
    Yes, you can.
    (If a monster is Special Summoned from the Graveyard, and then banished temporarily, it is still treated as a monster that was Special Summoned from the Graveyard after returning to the field.)
    Lingering effects previously applied to that monster ❌[3] ❌
    If that monster's "once per turn" has been used this turn (if retains it can't use the "once per turn" again)

    EXCEPTION: effects that flip the monster itself face-down will be remembered     		❌[4][9]
    Example Question:
    If "Pahunder" is flipped face-down by "Book of Moon" during a turn in which its effect has been activated and resolved, but then is flipped face-up again by "Book of Taiyou" later that turn, can "Pahunder"'s effect be activated again?
    Answer:
    Yes, it can.
    		❌[4]
    If that monster's Battle Position has been changed this turn (if retains it can't change Battle Position again) ✔️[3] ❌
    If that monster has declared an attack this turn (if retains it can't attack again) ✔️[3][11]
    Example Question:
    After applying the effect of "Dragocytos Corrupted Nethersoul Dragon" which allows it to attack a second time, once in the Battle Step again, "Book of Moon" is activated a changes "Dragocytos Corrupted Nethersoul Dragon" to face-down Defense Position. Will it still be able to attack a second time after this?
    Answer:
    After applying this effect, if "Dragocytos Corrupted Nethersoul Dragon" becomes face-down, the effect no longer applies. (During the same Battle Step, even if "Dragocytos Corrupted Nethersoul Dragon" returns to face-up Attack Position, it cannot attack again.)
    		❌
    If that monster was Set, Normal, Tribute, or Special Summoned, including the type of Special Summon (Ritual, Fusion, Synchro, Xyz, Link)

    Exceptions below     		✔️[5][6][7][21]
    Example Question:
    If a Fusion Summoned "Vision HERO Trinity" is flipped face-down, or banished by "Interdimensional Matter Transporter", will its ATK still be doubled when it returns to being face-up?
    Additionally, will its effect that allows it to make a second and third attack during each Battle Phase still be applying?
    Answer:
    If "Vision HERO Trinity" is flipped face-down, or temporarily banished by "Interdimensional Matter Transporter", its ATK will return to the 2500 printed on the card.
    Additionally, the effect that allows it to make a second and third attack during each Battle Phase will still be applied.
    		✔️[7][10][12][17]
    Example Question:
    I control a "Red Wyvern", whose effect, which "can only be used once while this card is face-up on the field," has already been used. "Red Wyvern" is now banished until the End Phase by "Interdimensional Matter Transporter".
    Once it returns, can I use "Red Wyvern"'s effect?
    Answer:
    Yes, you will be able to.
    This also applies to the other monster effects, among others: "Baronne de Fleur"'s second effect and "Ogdoabyss, the Ogdoadic Overlord"'s second effect (though note they cannot be used twice during the same turn); also "Silent Paladin"'s second effect, "Schuberta the Melodious Maestra"'s first effect, "One-Eyed Skill Gainer"'s effect, "Suijin"'s effect, "Kazejin"'s effect, and "Sanga of the Thunder"'s effect.
    If a Gemini monster was Normal Summoned again ❌ ❌[8]
    Example Question:
    "Elemental HERO Neos Alius" is Special Summoned by the effect of "A Hero Lives", and then Normal Summoned again so that its effect that treats its name as "Elemental HERO Neos" is applying. Afterward, "Elemental HERO Neos Alius" is banished by the effect of "Interdimensional Matter Transporter", and then returned to the field during the End Phase. In this case, is it possible to equip "Elemental HERO Neos Alius" with "Bashing Shield"?
    Answer:
    In this scenario, after "Elemental HERO Neos Alius" is banished by the effect of "Interdimensional Matter Transporter" and subsequently returned to the field, it is treated as a Normal Monster again and its effect that treats its name as "Elemental HERO Neos" is no longer applied. Even in this case, "Elemental HERO Neos Alius" is still treated as a Normal Summoned monster, and so it can be equipped with "Bashing Shield".
    If that monster was Pendulum Summoned ❌[14]
    Example Question:
    An "Odd-Eyes Phantom Dragon" that was Special Summoned by a Pendulum Summon was changed to face-down Defense Position by the effect of "Book of Moon". Later, that "Odd-Eyes Phantom Dragon" was Flip Summoned, and inflicted battle damage to the opponent while attacking during the Battle Phase. In this case, can its monster effect of being a Pendulum Summoned card that inflicted battle damage to your opponent be activated?
    Answer:
    If an "Odd-Eyes Phantom Dragon" that was Pendulum Summoned is changed to face-down Defense Position, even if it's later returned to being face-up, that monster is no longer treated as being Special Summoned by a Pendulum Summon. Therefore, the monster effect of being a Pendulum Summoned card that inflicted battle damage to your opponent cannot be activated.
    		✔️[13]
    Example Question:
    An "Odd-Eyes Phantom Dragon" that was Special Summoned by a Pendulum Summon was banished until the End Phase by the effect of "Interdimensional Matter Transporter". Later, if the "Odd-Eyes Phantom Dragon" that returned to the field attacks and inflicts battle damage to the opponent, can its monster effect of being a Pendulum Summoned card that inflicted battle damage to your opponent be activated?
    Answer:
    If an "Odd-Eyes Phantom Dragon" that was Pendulum Summoned was banished by the effect of "Interdimensional Matter Transporter", that "Odd-Eyes Phantom Dragon" that returned to the field is treated as being Special Summoned by a Pendulum Summon, just like before it was banished. Therefore, the monster effect of being a Pendulum Summoned card that inflicted battle damage to your opponent can be activated.
    If that monster was Flip Summoned ❌ ❌
    The turn that monster was Set, Normal, Tribute, or Special Summoned ❌[24]
    Example Question:
    My "Raidraptor - Vanishing Lanius", which was Normal or Special Summoned this turn, is flipped face-down, then face-up again. Can I now activate "Raidraptor - Vanishing Lanius"'s "if this card was Normal or Special Summoned this turn" effect?
    Answer:
    No, you cannot.
    In order to activate "Raidraptor - Vanishing Lanius"' "if this card was Normal or Special Summoned this turn" effect, it must remain face-up in the Monster Zone from the time it is Normal or Special Summoned, to the time you activate its effect.
    		❌[18]
    Example Question:
    After I Special Summon "Sky Striker Ace - Shizuku", during the same turn, it is banished temporarily by "S:P Little Knight"'s effect. After "Sky Striker Ace - Shizuku" returns to the field during the End Phase, can I activate its "during the End Phase, if this card was Special Summoned this turn" effect?
    Answer:
    No, you cannot.
    In order to activate "Sky Striker Ace - Shizuku"'s "during the End Phase, if this card was Special Summoned this turn" effect, it must remain faceup in the Monster Zone from the time it is Special Summoned until the End Phase.
    References:
    1. Pazim's Resources (unofficial resource)
    2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 88, 91, 101
    3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 168-169
    4. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 177
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Being flipped face-down and being treated as a Ritual Summoned monster
    6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Monsters are still considered to have been Special Summoned after being flipped face-down
    7. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Temporary banishment or being flipped face-down and being treated as a Fusion Summoned monster
    8. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Temporary banishment and Normal-Summoned-Again status
    9. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Once per turn:" restrictions are reset when the monster is flipped face-down
    10. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Temporary banishment and being treated as a Ritual Summoned monster
    11. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: If a monster is flipped face-down after attacking, then face-up again, it still cannot attack again
    12. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Temporary banishment and being treated as a Synchro Summoned monster
    13. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Temporary banishment and being treated as a Pendulum Summoned monster
    14. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Being flipped face-down and being treated as a Pendulum Summoned monster
    15. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Being flipped face-down and being considered to have been Summoned from a particular location
    16. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Fusion Materials "remember" being used when the Fusion Monster is banished temporarily
    17. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Temporary banishment and being treated as a Link Summoned monster
    18. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Sky Striker Ace - Shizuku", "S:P Little Knight"
    19. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Special Summoned from a particular location + temporarily banished
    20. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Special Summoned from a particular location + flipped face-down
    21. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "March of the Monarchs", "Book of Eclipse"
    22. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "The Tripper Mercury", "Farfa, Malebranche of the Burning Abyss"
    23. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "The Tripper Mercury", "Book of Moon"
    24. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Raidraptor - Vanishing Lanius" and being flipped face-down

    10.30 Continuous destroys/sends itself (self-destruct/self-send)

    Examples
    1710476 Malefic Cyber End Dragon

    Cannot be Normal Summoned/Set. Must be Special Summoned (from your hand) by banishing 1 "Cyber End Dragon" from your Extra Deck. There can only be 1 "Malefic" monster on the field. Other monsters you control cannot declare an attack. If there is no face-up Field Spell on the field, destroy this card.
    25407643 Secret Sanctuary of the Spellcasters

    When a monster(s) (except a Spellcaster-Type monster) is Normal or Special Summoned to your opponent's side of the field while you control another face-up Spell Card and your opponent does not control any face-up Spell Cards: That monster cannot attack or activate its effects this turn. (This applies even if this card leaves the field.) If you do not control any Spellcaster-Type monsters, destroy this card.
    94432298 Void Launch

    During each of your Standby Phases: You can send up to 2 "Infernoid" monsters from your Deck to the Graveyard. If you control a monster that is not an "Infernoid" monster, send this card to the Graveyard.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Exact timing of continuous-effect destruction when using material
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Continuous Effects applying before the effect at activation even begins resolving
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Substituting for continuous attempts to destroy can be attempted, though futile

    10.31 Card or effect that includes an effect that does [A]

    Examples
    14558127 Ash Blossom & Joyous Spring

    When a card or effect is activated that includes any of these effects (Quick Effect): You can discard this card; negate that effect.
    ● Add a card from the Deck to the hand.
    ● Special Summon from the Deck.
    ● Send a card from the Deck to the GY.
    You can only use this effect of "Ash Blossom & Joyous Spring" once per turn.

    73642296 Ghost Belle & Haunted Mansion

    When a card or effect is activated that includes any of these effects (Quick Effect): You can discard this card; negate that activation.
    ● Add a card(s) from the GY to the hand, Deck, and/or Extra Deck.
    ● Special Summon a Monster Card(s) from the GY.
    ● Banish a card(s) from the GY.
    You can only use this effect of "Ghost Belle & Haunted Mansion" once per turn.

    40366667 Dominus Impulse

    If your opponent controls a card, you can activate this card from your hand. When a card or effect is activated that includes an effect that Special Summons a monster(s): Negate that effect, then if you have a Trap in your GY, destroy that card. If you activated this card from your hand, you cannot activate the effects of LIGHT, EARTH, and WIND monsters for the rest of this Duel. You can only activate 1 "Dominus Impulse" per turn.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: 'Includes' and actions that cannot currently be attempted
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Knightmare Phoenix", "Ash Blossom & Joyous Spring"
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Cross-Sheep", "Ash Blossom & Joyous Spring"
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Dual Avatar Defeating Evil", "Ash Blossom & Joyous Spring"
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Infernoid Devyaty", "Ghost Belle & Haunted Mansion"
    6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Fire Fighting Daruma Doll", "Ghost Belle & Haunted Mansion"
    7. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Toadally Awesome", "Solemn Warning", "Ghost Belle & Haunted Mansion"
    8. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Ghost Belle & Haunted Mansion", "Drytron Alpha Thuban"
    9. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Doomking Balerdroch", "Ghost Belle & Haunted Mansion"
    10. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Negating delayed Special Summons
    11. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Generaider Boss Room", "Ash Blossom & Joyous Spring"
    12. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Special Summons caused by a card effect, and whether the effect includes Special Summoning
    13. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Predaplant Verte Anaconda", "Magical Meltdown", "Fusion Duplication", "Transaction Rollback"

    10.32 Card or effect that would do [A]

    Examples
    44508094 Stardust Dragon

    1 Tuner + 1+ non-Tuner monsters
    When a card or effect is activated that would destroy a card(s) on the field (Quick Effect): You can Tribute this card; negate the activation, and if you do, destroy it. During the End Phase, if this effect was activated this turn (and was not negated): You can Special Summon this card from your GY.

    33391067 Curse Reflection Doll

    When a monster effect is activated that would inflict damage to you: Your opponent takes that damage instead. When you take battle damage, while this card is in your GY: You can Set this card. You can only use this effect of "Curse Reflection Doll" once per turn.
    58120309 Starlight Road

    When a card or effect is activated that would destroy 2 or more cards you control: Negate the effect, and if you do, destroy that card, then you can Special Summon 1 "Stardust Dragon" from your Extra Deck.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Ceasefire", "Destiny HERO - Decider"
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "The Paths of Destiny", "Destiny HERO - Decider"
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Gallis the Star Beast", "Performage Stilts Launcher"
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Prediction Princess Astromorrigan", "Stardust Dragon"
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Horus the Black Flame Dragon LV8", "Stardust Dragon"
    6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Traptrix Rafflesia", "Stardust Dragon"

    10.33 Declare 1 card name

    Examples
    29417188 Psi-Blocker

    Once per turn: You can declare 1 card name; cards with that name, and their effects, cannot be used until the End of your opponent's next turn.
    65681983 Crossout Designator

    Declare 1 card name; banish 1 of that declared card from your Main Deck, and if you do, negate its effects, as well as the activated effects and effects on the field of cards with the same original name, until the end of this turn. You can only activate 1 "Crossout Designator" per turn.
    15800838 Mind Crush

    Declare 1 card name; if that card is in your opponent's hand, they must discard all copies of it, otherwise you discard 1 random card.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 55
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Umi", "Crossout Designator"
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Prohibition" and Tokens

    10.34 Destroy

    Examples
    65192027 Dark Armed Dragon

    Cannot be Normal Summoned/Set. Must be Special Summoned (from your hand) by having exactly 3 DARK monsters in your GY. You can banish 1 DARK monster from your GY, then target 1 card on the field; destroy that target.
    80722024 Mementotlan Bone Party

    Destroy 1 "Memento" monster in your hand or face-up field, take 1 "Memento" monster from your Deck with a different name, and either add it to your hand or Special Summon it in Defense Position. During your Main Phase: You can banish this card from your GY, then target 1 "Memento" monster you control; if it attacks a Defense Position monster this turn, inflict piercing battle damage to your opponent. You can only use each effect of "Mementotlan Bone Party" once per turn.
    1248895 Chain Destruction

    When a monster(s) with 2000 or less ATK is Summoned: Target 1 of them; destroy all cards with that name in its controller's hand and Main Deck.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. Official rulebook page 53
    2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 147
    3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 148-149
    4. Official rulebook page 55
    5. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 169-170

    10.34.1 Continuous Spell/Trap Cards that destroy a card(s) on the field can target themselves

    Continuous Spell/Trap Cards that destroy a card(s) on the field can target themselves, if they are a valid target. Note that their effects can only legally be used in the same Chain Link of their card activation if there is a valid target on the field before activating the card in case it has a condition to be met (e.g. being a face-up card).

    Example Question:
    When activating the effect of "Thunder Dragon Discharge" that destroys a Spell/Trap Card on the field, can I target that "Thunder Dragon Discharge" itself?
    Answer:
    You can target "Thunder Dragon Discharge" with its own effect to destroy a Spell/Trap Card on the field.
    (The effect will also banish 1 Thunder-Type monster from your Deck normally.)

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Continuous Spell/Trap Cards that destroy a card(s) on the field can target themselves

    10.34.2 Legality of destroying to summon

    An effect that destroys a card(s) on your side of the field to summon can be activated even when all of your Main Monster Zones are full, but the card(s) you have to destroy must be one monster(s) in your Main Monster Zone.

    Example Question:
    If there are 5 monsters in my Main Monster Zones, can I activate the effect of "Crystron Prasiortle", "Crystron Smiger", "Crystron Thystvern", or "Crystron Rosenix" that destroys a face-up card on my field and Special Summons a "Crystron" Tuner monster from my Deck?
    Answer:
    The effect of a monster such as "Crystron Prasiortle" Special Summons a "Crystron" Tuner monster from your Deck, so if there are already 5 monsters in your Main Monster Zones, you can only activate the effect by targeting a face-up monster in your Main Monster Zone. (Face-up cards in your Spell & Trap Zones, Field Zone, or the Extra Monster Zone cannot be targeted.)

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality for destroy + Summon with no zones

    10.35 Discard

    Examples
    52350806 Danger! Mothman!

    You can reveal this card in your hand; your opponent randomly chooses 1 card from your entire hand, then you discard the chosen card. Then, if the discarded card was not "Danger! Mothman!", Special Summon 1 "Danger! Mothman!" from your hand, and if you do, draw 1 card. If this card is discarded: You can have both players draw 1 card, then both players discard 1 card. You can only use this effect of "Danger! Mothman!" once per turn.
    74117290 Dark World Dealings

    Each player draws 1 card, then each player discards 1 card.
    14550855 Infernity Inferno

    Discard up to 2 cards, and send the same number of "Infernity" cards from your Deck to the Graveyard.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. Official rulebook page 53
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Despian Tragedy", "Fallen of Albaz", "Super Polymerization", "Macro Cosmos"
    3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 131-133
    4. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 148-149
    5. Official rulebook page 55

    10.35.1 Costs that Discard

    Reminder of costs:

    For costs that read "discard [X]", cards from the hand must be discarded from the hand in order to activate the effects. Cards that are discarded are treated as being discarded from the hand and as being sent to the Graveyard as a result[1].

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 132
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Despian Tragedy", "Fallen of Albaz", "Super Polymerization", "Macro Cosmos"
    3. Yugipedia
    4. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 131

    10.35.2 Legality of adding then discarding/sending

    A card's (1) effect which involves adding a card (2) with a certain property and then discarding/sending a card (3) with (2)'s same property, (1) can be activated even if there are no cards of with (2)'s property in your hand at the moment of (1)'s activation.

    Example Question:
    There are currently no Dragon monsters and no Winged Beast monsters in my hand. Can I activate the effect of "Dragunity Knight - Gae Dearg"?
    Answer:
    You can activate the effect of "Dragunity Knight - Gae Dearg" even if there are no Dragon monsters and no Winged Beast monsters in your hand. If you do this, you will first add a Dragon or Winged Beast from your Deck to your hand, then discard that same monster.

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality of effects that add, then discard/send

    10.35.3 Triggers for discarding for hand size for a second time

    If you discard cards for hand size at the end of your End Phase, you can only activate effects on the Chain immediately following this. Even if, at some point after this first Chain, some other effect meets its activation condition, you cannot activate that effect.

    Example Question:
    At the end of my End Phase, I have 7 cards in my hand, and as a result, I discard "Danger! Nessie!". I activate and resolve "Danger! Nessie!"'s effect, adding "Danger! Bigfoot!" to my hand.
    Since this results in my hand having 7 cards once again, I now discard "Danger! Bigfoot!". Can I activate "Danger! Bigfoot!"'s "if this card is discarded" effect?
    Answer:
    No, you cannot.
    If you discard cards for hand size at the end of your End Phase, you can only activate effects on the Chain immediately following this. Even if, at some point after this first Chain, some other effect meets its activation condition, you cannot activate that effect.

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Discarding for hand size for a second time, and Trigger effects

    10.36 Draw

    Examples
    23434538 Maxx "C"

    During either player's turn: You can send this card from your hand to the Graveyard; this turn, each time your opponent Special Summons a monster(s), immediately draw 1 card. You can only use 1 "Maxx "C"" per turn.
    55144522 Pot of Greed

    Draw 2 cards.
    77538567 Dark Bribe

    When your opponent activates a Spell/Trap Card: Your opponent draws 1 card, also negate the Spell/Trap activation, and if you do, destroy it.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 145
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "R-Genex Accelerator"

    10.37 During the [X] Phase, do [A] - Delayed effects

    Examples
    33854624 Bystial Magnamhut

    You can target 1 LIGHT or DARK monster in either GY; banish it, and if you do, Special Summon this card from your hand. This is a Quick Effect if your opponent controls a monster. If this card is Special Summoned: You can activate this effect; during the End Phase of this turn, add 1 Dragon monster from your Deck or GY to your hand, except "Bystial Magnamhut". You can only use each effect of "Bystial Magnamhut" once per turn.
    75500286 Gold Sarcophagus

    Banish 1 card from your Deck, face-up. During your 2nd Standby Phase after this card's activation, add that card to the hand.
    75728539 Sharv Sarga

    If "Visas Starfrost" is on the field: Target 1 Effect Monster on the field; shuffle that target into the Deck, and if you do, during the End Phase of this turn, its owner can add 1 monster from their Deck to their hand with a different Type and a Level lower than the Level/Rank/Link Rating of that monster. If a "Veda" monster(s) is Special Summoned, while this card is in your GY (except during the Damage Step): You can add this card to your hand. You can only use each effect of "Sharv Sarga" once per turn.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Resolving effects is an action that does not start a chain as per FETC
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Negating delayed Special Summons
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Prediction Princess Astromorrigan", "Stardust Dragon"
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Unaffected by activated effects" and what it means
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Necrovalley and delayed effects

    10.37.1 Legality of delayed adding to hand

    Effects of this kind can be activated even if resolution of that effect cannot be performed completely at the time of the activation. For example an effect that adds a card with a certain property from the Deck to the hand, can be activated even if there are no cards with that property at the moment of the activation[2].

    Example Question:
    Can I activate the effect of "Infernoble Knight Captain Roland" that can be activated when it is Synchro Summoned if neither an Equip Spell nor a Warrior monster is in my Deck?
    Answer:
    You can still activate the effect of "Infernoble Knight Captain Roland" in question even if there is no Equip Spell or Warrior monster (or neither of them) in your Deck.
    In this case, when performing the effect during the End Phase, you will first send an Equip Spell from you Deck to the Graveyard if possible. (If there is no Equip Spell in your Deck, neither that part nor the part of adding a Warrior monster to your hand is applied.)
    Next, after you sent an Equip Spell from your Deck to the Graveyard, if there is a Warrior monster in your Deck at this point, you will add it to your hand. (If there is no Warrior monster in your Deck, the effect is completed by sending an Equip Spell to the Graveyard.)

  • YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality for delayed adding to hand

    • 10.38 During the [X] Phase: do [A] - Phase-Specific Effects

    Examples
    78371393 Yubel

    Cannot be destroyed by battle. You take no battle damage from battles involving this card. Before damage calculation, if this face-up Attack Position card is targeted for an attack: Inflict damage to your opponent equal to that attacking monster's ATK. Once per turn, during your End Phase: Tribute 1 other monster or destroy this card. When this card is destroyed, except by its own effect: Its owner can Special Summon 1 "Yubel - Terror Incarnate" from their hand, Deck, or GY.
    48712195 Card Trader

    Once per turn, during your Standby Phase: You can shuffle 1 card from your hand into the Deck; draw 1 card.
    2542230 Red Cocoon

    Target 1 Dragon-Type Synchro Monster you control; equip this card to it. While it is battling an opponent's monster, until the end of the Damage Step, negate the effects of all face-up monsters your opponent controls. During the End Phase, if this card is in the Graveyard because it was sent there this turn: You can target 1 "Red Dragon Archfiend" in your Graveyard; Special Summon it.
    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 183
    2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 195-196
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Trap Cards' phase-specific effects behaving like Fast effects
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Once you start discarding for hand size, the game state never again becomes open

    10.39 Each time [A] happens, do [B] - Continuous Effects that apply at chain link resolution

    Examples
    44405066 Red-Eyes Flare Metal Dragon

    2 Level 7 monsters
    Cannot be destroyed by card effects while it has material. While this card has material, each time your opponent activates a card or effect, inflict 500 damage to your opponent immediately after it resolves. Once per turn (Quick Effect): You can detach 1 material from this card, then target 1 "Red-Eyes" Normal Monster in your GY; Special Summon it.

    56111151 Kyoutou Waterfront

    Each time a card(s) is sent from the field to the GY, place 1 Kaiju Counter on this card for each sent card (max. 5). Once per turn, while 3 or more Kaiju Counters are on this card: You can add 1 "Kaiju" monster from your Deck to your hand. If this card would be destroyed by a card effect, you can remove 1 Kaiju Counter from this card instead.
    67234805 Powersink Stone

    Each time a monster effect is activated, place 1 Spellstone Counter on this card (max. 2). While this card has 2 Spellstone Counters, neither player can activate the effects of face-up monsters on the field, also the effects of face-up monsters on the field are negated. Once per turn, during the End Phase, if this card has any Spellstone Counters: Remove them.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Continuous effects that apply at chain link resolution, and those effects already needing to be applying at activation
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Fire Princess"
    3. "Problem-Solving Card Text, Part 4: The Clues on Your Cards"
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Demise of the Land", "Skilled Blue Magician"

    10.40 Effect becomes [A] - Changing/overwriting effects

    Examples
    80453041 Phantom of Yubel

    1 "Yubel" monster + 1 Fiend monster with 0 ATK/DEF
    Must be Special Summoned (from your Extra Deck) by shuffling the above cards from your hand, field, and/or GY into the Deck/Extra Deck. Cannot be used as Fusion Material. Cannot be destroyed by battle, also you take no damage from battles involving this card. When your opponent activates a monster effect (Quick Effect): You can Tribute this card; the activated effect becomes "Your opponent destroys 1 "Yubel" monster in their hand, Deck, or field". You can only use this effect of "Phantom of Yubel" once per turn.

    77297908 Abyss Playhouse - Fantastic Theater

    You can reveal 1 "Abyss Actor" Pendulum Monster and 1 "Abyss Script" Spell in your hand; add 1 "Abyss Script" Spell from your Deck to your hand, with a different name than that revealed Spell. While you control a Pendulum Summoned "Abyss Actor" Pendulum Monster, any monster effect activated by your opponent becomes "Destroy 1 Set Spell/Trap your opponent controls". You can only use each effect of "Abyss Playhouse - Fantastic Theater" once per turn.
    64325438 Generaider Boss Room

    When your opponent activates a card or effect in response to the activation of your "Generaider" card or effect: You can discard 1 card; your opponent's activated effect becomes "each player draws 1 card". You can only use this effect of "Generaider Boss Room" once per turn.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Generaider Boss Room", "Ash Blossom & Joyous Spring"
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Phantom of Yubel"

    10.41 End the Battle Phase

    Examples
    34710660 Electromagnetic Turtle

    During your opponent's Battle Phase (Quick Effect): You can banish this card from your GY; end the Battle Phase. You can only use this effect of "Electromagnetic Turtle" once per Duel.
    5786513 Turn Silence

    Target 1 face-up monster you control; increase its Level by 3, also if you activated this card in response to your opponent's monster effect activation, while you control "Shining Sarcophagus" and a monster that mentions it, negate that opponent's effect. During damage calculation, if your monster that mentions "Shining Sarcophagus" battles: You can banish this card from your GY; end the Battle Phase. You can only activate 1 "Turn Silence" per turn.
    14315573 Negate Attack

    When an opponent's monster declares an attack: Target the attacking monster; negate the attack, then end the Battle Phase.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Decoy Dragon", "Electromagnetic Turtle"

    10.42 Equip to

    Examples
    30012506 A-Assault Core

    Once per turn, you can either: Target 1 LIGHT Machine monster you control; equip this card to that target, OR: Unequip this card and Special Summon it. A monster equipped with this card is unaffected by your opponent's monster effects (except its own), also if the equipped monster would be destroyed by battle or card effect, destroy this card instead. If this card is sent from the field to the GY: You can add 1 other Union monster from your GY to your hand.
    7548747 Magistus Theurgy

    Target 1 "Magistus" monster you control; equip it with 1 "Magistus" monster, except a Level 4 monster, from your Extra Deck, GY, or face-up field. If you have at least 1 each "Magistus" Fusion, Synchro, Xyz, and Link Monsters in your GY, you can equip it with 1 non-"Magistus" Fusion, Synchro, Xyz, or Link Monster from your Extra Deck, instead. You can only activate "Magistus Theurgy" once per turn.
    13317419 Rocket Hand

    Target 1 Attack Position monster you control with 800 or more ATK; equip this card to that target. It gains 800 ATK. You can send this equipped card to the Graveyard, then target 1 face-up card on the field; destroy it, then change the ATK of the monster this card was equipped to, to 0, also its battle position cannot be changed. You can only use 1 "Rocket Hand" effect per turn, and only once that turn.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. Official rulebook page 53
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activating an effect that equips does not implicitly target
    3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 165-166
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Dragunity Divine Lance", "Forbidden Lance"

    10.42.1 Legality of Equip Cards

    Equip Cards with impossible Continuous Effects can be activated. A Link Monster can be equipped with "Horn of Light" or "Rod of Silence - Kay'est". However, since Link Monsters do not have DEF, the effect of increasing DEF is not applied. In the case of "Rod of Silence - Kay'est" , the effect that negates other Spells' effects targeting the equipped monster and destroys them is applied normally.

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation Legality of Equip Cards with impossible Continuous Effects

    10.43 Equipping Monsters

    Examples
    30012506 A-Assault Core

    Once per turn, you can either: Target 1 LIGHT Machine monster you control; equip this card to that target, OR: Unequip this card and Special Summon it. A monster equipped with this card is unaffected by your opponent's monster effects (except its own), also if the equipped monster would be destroyed by battle or card effect, destroy this card instead. If this card is sent from the field to the GY: You can add 1 other Union monster from your GY to your hand.
    7548747 Magistus Theurgy

    Target 1 "Magistus" monster you control; equip it with 1 "Magistus" monster, except a Level 4 monster, from your Extra Deck, GY, or face-up field. If you have at least 1 each "Magistus" Fusion, Synchro, Xyz, and Link Monsters in your GY, you can equip it with 1 non-"Magistus" Fusion, Synchro, Xyz, or Link Monster from your Extra Deck, instead. You can only activate "Magistus Theurgy" once per turn.
    53174748 Mikanko Spiritwalk

    Target 1 face-up monster your opponent controls; equip that face-up monster to 1 "Mikanko" monster you control as an Equip Spell, then if a Ritual Monster Card is on the field, you can inflict 500 damage to your opponent for each Equip Spell you control. You can banish this card from your GY; Special Summon 1 of your "Mikanko" monsters that is banished or in your hand. You can only use each effect of "Mikanko Spiritwalk" once per turn.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 165-166
    2. Official rulebook page 53
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Relinquished", "Disarmament"
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Fullmetalfoes Alkahest" and Gemini monsters
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Tokens placed in the Spell & Trap Zone have the ATK printed on the card that Special Summoned the Token
    6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Armed Dragon Thunder LV10", "Relinquished"
    7. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Relay Soul" and monster moved to Spell & Trap Zone
    8. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Leaves the field by your opponent" and failing to equip

    10.43.1 Triggers for changing card type

    If, at the time of the particular timing, the card has changed card type like from monster becomes an equip card, the Trigger Effect does not activate.

    Example Question:
    When my "D/D/D Wave Oblivion King Caesar Ragnarok" declares an attack, its effect is activated, and my opponent activates "Call of the Haunted" in a chain by targeting "Black Rose Moonlight Dragon". When resolving the effect of "D/D/D Wave Oblivion King Caesar Ragnarok", if I choose to equip the Special Summoned "Black Rose Moonlight Dragon" to it, will that monster's effect be applied?
    Answer:
    In this scenario, you can still choose to equip the "Black Rose Moonlight Dragon" that was Special Summoned by "Call of the Haunted" using the effect of "D/D/D Wave Oblivion King Caesar Ragnarok". In that case, the Special Summoned "Black Rose Moonlight Dragon" becomes an Equip Card, and is no longer a monster, so after the current chain resolves, its effect cannot be activated. (In this case, after the chain resolves, since the number of monsters on your opponent's side of the field changed, a replay will occur.)

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Triggers for changing card type

    10.44 Equipping Traps

    Examples
    68540058 Metalmorph

    Target 1 face-up monster on the field; equip this card to that target. It gains 300 ATK/DEF. If it attacks, it gains ATK equal to half the ATK of the attack target, during damage calculation only.
    35146019 Altergeist Manifestation

    Target 1 "Altergeist" monster in your GY; Special Summon it in Attack Position, and if you do, equip it with this card. When this card leaves the field, destroy that monster. You can banish this card from your GY, then target 1 "Altergeist" Trap in your GY; add it to your hand. You can only use this effect of "Altergeist Manifestation" once per turn.
    13317419 Rocket Hand

    Target 1 Attack Position monster you control with 800 or more ATK; equip this card to that target. It gains 800 ATK. You can send this equipped card to the Graveyard, then target 1 face-up card on the field; destroy it, then change the ATK of the monster this card was equipped to, to 0, also its battle position cannot be changed. You can only use 1 "Rocket Hand" effect per turn, and only once that turn.
    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 123
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Kunai with Chain", "Horn of the Phantom Beast"

    10.45 Excavate

    Examples
    60990740 Absolute King Back Jack

    During your opponent's turn (Quick Effect): You can banish this card from the GY; excavate the top card of your Deck, and if it is a Normal Trap, Set it to your field. Otherwise, send it to the GY. That Set card can be activated during this turn. If this card is sent to the GY: You can look at 3 cards from the top of your Deck, then place them on the top of the Deck in any order. You can only use each effect of "Absolute King Back Jack" once per turn.
    98645731 Pot of Duality

    Excavate the top 3 cards of your Deck, add 1 of them to your hand, also, after that, shuffle the rest back into your Deck. You can only activate 1 "Pot of Duality" per turn. You cannot Special Summon during the turn you activate this card.
    73820802 Onikuji

    Once per turn, during your Standby Phase: Your opponent declares 1 card type (Monster, Spell, or Trap). Excavate the top card of your Deck, then if it is that type of card, your opponent draws 1 card. Otherwise, discard 1 random card from their hand. Place the excavated card on the bottom of your Deck.
    References:
    1. Official rulebook page 54

    10.46 Gain Life Points

    Examples
    22011689 Predaplant Moray Nepenthes

    This card gains 200 ATK for each Predator Counter on the field. When this card destroys an opponent's monster by battle: You can equip that monster to this card. Once per turn: You can target 1 Monster Card equipped to this card by this card's effect; destroy it, and if you do, gain LP equal to its original ATK.
    80161395 Mystik Wok

    Tribute 1 monster. Select either its ATK or DEF and gain that many Life Points.
    34002992 Rainbow Life

    Discard 1 card; until the end of this turn, each time you would take damage, gain that amount of LP instead.
    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Can a player gain Life Points if they have 8000 Life Points?

    10.46.1 Legality of gaining 0 LP

    A card's effect which gains LP can be activated even if it will gain 0 LP and will resolve successfully[1].

    Example Question:
    "Predaplant Moray Nepenthes" is equipped with a "Performapal Life Swordsman" by its second effect. In this situation, can the third effect of "Predaplant Moray Nepenthes" be activated by targeting the equipped "Performapal Life Swordsman"?
    Answer:
    If "Predaplant Moray Nepenthes" is equipped with a monster by its own effect, even if that monster has 0 ATK such as "Performapal Life Swordsman", you can also activate the effect that destroys an equipped monster and increases your Life Points by its ATK. In this case, the equipped monster is destroyed normally, but you gain no Life Points.

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality for gaining 0 LP

    10.47 If/When [X] destroys a monster by battle: do [A]

    Examples
    53981499 Mighty Warrior

    1 Tuner + 1 or more non-Tuner monsters
    If this card destroys an opponent's monster by battle: Inflict damage to your opponent equal to half the destroyed monster's original ATK.

    63851864 Break! Draw!

    Equip only to a Machine monster. If the equipped monster destroys an opponent's monster by battle and sends it to the GY: Draw 1 card. Destroy this card during your 3rd End Phase after activation.
    21350571 Horn of the Phantom Beast

    Target 1 Beast or Beast-Warrior monster you control; equip this card to that target. It gains 800 ATK. If the equipped monster destroys your opponent's monster by battle and sends it to the GY: Draw 1 card.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Brain Golem", "Scroll of Bewitchment"
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Goyo Guardian", "Ancient Warriors - Ambitious Cao De"
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Hot Red Dragon Archfiend King Calamity", "Embodiment of Apophis"
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Predaplant Moray Nepenthes", "The Phantom Knights of Tomb Shield", "Infinitrack Earth Slicer"
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Digital Bug Scaradiator", "The Phantom Knights of Shade Brigandine"
    6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Heroic Challenger - War Hammer", "Embodiment of Apophis", "Tiki Soul", "Magical Hats"

    10.48 If [X] would be destroyed, you can do [A] instead - Destruction Substitution

    Examples
    55990317 Hugin the Runick Wings

    2 "Runick" monsters
    If this card is Special Summoned from the Extra Deck: You can discard 1 card; add 1 "Runick" Field Spell from your Deck to your hand. If another card(s) you control would be destroyed by card effect, you can banish this card you control instead. If this card on the field is destroyed by battle or card effect: Return this card to the Extra Deck.

    65305978 Fire King Sanctuary

    When this card is activated: You can place 1 "Fire King Island" from your Deck face-up in your Field Zone. Once per turn, if a card in your Field Zone would be destroyed by card effect, you can destroy 1 FIRE monster in your hand or face-up field instead. Once per turn, if your opponent Special Summons a monster(s), you can: Immediately after this effect resolves, Xyz Summon 1 FIRE Xyz Monster using only "Fire King" monsters you control. You can only activate 1 "Fire King Sanctuary" per turn.
    3167439 Dark World Punishment

    When a monster(s) would be Normal or Special Summoned: You can negate the Summon, and if you do, destroy that monster(s), then discard 1 Fiend monster. If a "Dark World" monster(s) you control would be destroyed by battle or an opponent's card effect, you can banish this card from your GY instead. You can only use each effect of "Dark World Punishment" once per turn.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Mandatory substitution applies even if the card itself would also be destroyed
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Precise sequence of events when substituting for destruction by battle
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Simultaneous destruction and substitution effects
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Substituting for multiple destruction using a card that cannot be destroyed
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Optional substitution cannot apply if the card itself would also be destroyed
    6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Proxy Dragon", "Decoy Dragon", "Return of the Dragon Lords"
    7. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Relinkuriboh"
    8. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Cherubini, Ebon Angel of the Burning Abyss", "Archfiend Eccentrick"
    9. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Macro Cosmos "Cherubini, Ebon Angel of the Burning Abyss"
    10. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Hugin the Runick Wings", "Runick Slumber"
    11. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Substituting for continuous attempts to destroy can be attempted, though futile
    12. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Substitution does not affect the protected monster

    10.49 Ignoring the Summoning conditions

    Examples
    27439792 Chaos Summoning Beast

    You can Tribute this card; Special Summon 1 "Uria, Lord of Searing Flames", "Hamon, Lord of Striking Thunder", or "Raviel, Lord of Phantasms", from your hand, ignoring its Summoning conditions. You can banish this card from your GY; add 1 "Fallen Paradise" from your Deck to your hand. You can only use each effect of "Chaos Summoning Beast" once per turn.
    44052074 Ancient Gear Catapult

    While you control no monsters: Target 1 face-up card you control; destroy it, and if you do, Special Summon 1 "Ancient Gear" monster from your Deck, ignoring its Summoning conditions. You can banish this card from your GY, then target 1 face-up card you control; destroy it, and if you do, Special Summon 1 "Ancient Gear Token" (Machine/EARTH/Level 1/ATK 0/DEF 0). You can only use 1 "Ancient Gear Catapult" effect per turn, and only once that turn.
    16317140 Hyper Blaze

    To Special Summon "Uria, Lord of Searing Flames" using its own procedure, you can also use face-down Traps you control. Once per battle, when an attack is declared involving your "Uria, Lord of Searing Flames": You can send 1 Trap from your hand or Deck to the GY; its ATK/DEF become the number of face-up Traps on the field and in the GYs x 1000, for the rest of this turn. Once per turn: You can discard 1 card; add to your hand or Special Summon, 1 "Uria, Lord of Searing Flames", "Hamon, Lord of Striking Thunder", or "Raviel, Lord of Phantasms" from your GY, ignoring its Summoning conditions.
    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 84
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Proper Summoning and ignoring Summoning Conditions
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Improper Special Summoning of improperly Special Summoned monsters, from the Spell & Trap Zone

    10.50 Immediately after this effect resolves, [method] Summon [X]

    Examples
    65741786 I:P Masquerena

    2 non-Link Monsters
    During your opponent's Main Phase, you can (Quick Effect): Immediately after this effect resolves, Link Summon 1 Link Monster using materials you control, including this card. You can only use this effect of "I:P Masquerena" once per turn. A Link Monster that used this card as material cannot be destroyed by your opponent's card effects.

    29508346 Arrivalrivals

    During the Battle Phase: Immediately after this effect resolves, Normal Summon 1 monster. You can only activate 1 "Arrivalrivals" per turn.
    94634433 Urgent Tuning

    During the Battle Phase: Immediately after this effect resolves, Synchro Summon 1 Synchro Monster using monsters you control.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "I:P Masquerena", "Granguignol the Dusk Dragon"
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Immediately after, Summon using those monsters" and needing to use all monsters
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Exact timing of immediately-afters
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Floodgates & summon-immediately-after
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Special Summons caused by a card effect, and whether the effect includes Special Summoning
    6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Unchained Soul of Disaster", "Sky Striker Ace - Raye"
    7. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Tenpai Dragon Chundra", "Sauravis, the Ancient and Ascended"
    8. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Summon-immediately-after & monsters' properties changing after being Summoned
    9. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Number 81: Superdreadnought Rail Cannon Super Dora", "Galaxy Tyranno"
    10. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Unchained Soul of Rage"

    10.51 Leaves the field

    Examples
    40854197 Elemental HERO Absolute Zero

    1 "HERO" monster + 1 WATER monster
    Must be Fusion Summoned. Gains 500 ATK for each WATER monster on the field, except "Elemental HERO Absolute Zero". If this card leaves the field: Destroy all monsters your opponent controls.

    52472775 Prayers of the Voiceless Voice

    This card can be used to Ritual Summon any LIGHT Ritual Monster. You must also Tribute LIGHT monsters from your hand or field whose total Levels equal or exceed the Level of the Ritual Monster. If a face-up LIGHT Ritual Monster(s) you control leaves the field by an opponent's card effect (except during the Damage Step): You can banish this card from your GY; Special Summon 1 "Sauravis, the Ancient and Ascended", "Saffira, Queen of Dragons", or "Skull Guardian, Protector of the Voiceless Voice" from your hand or Deck, ignoring its Summoning conditions. You can only use this effect of "Prayers of the Voiceless Voice" once per turn.
    10813327 Waking the Dragon

    If this Set card in its owner's control has left the field because of an opponent's effect, and is now in the GY or banished: You can Special Summon 1 monster from your Deck or Extra Deck.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. Official KONAMI's 2021 rules update
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Relay Soul" and monster moved to Spell & Trap Zone
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Negating a card's activation removes it from the field, but is not treated as leaving the field

    10.52 Leaves the field because of an opponent's card

    Examples
    44146295 Mirrorjade the Iceblade Dragon

    "Fallen of Albaz" + 1 Fusion, Synchro, Xyz, or Link Monster
    You can only control 1 "Mirrorjade the Iceblade Dragon". Once per turn (Quick Effect): You can send 1 Fusion Monster from your Extra Deck to the GY that mentions "Fallen of Albaz" as material; banish 1 monster on the field, also this card cannot use this effect next turn. If this Fusion Summoned card in its owner's control leaves the field because of an opponent's card: You can destroy all monsters your opponent controls during the End Phase of this turn.

    13076804 Chaos Archfiend

    1 LIGHT Tuner + 1+ non-Tuner DARK monsters
    If any card(s) have been banished this turn, this card gains 2000 ATK. This card can attack all monsters your opponent controls, once each, also banish any monster destroyed by battle with this card. If this card in its owner's control leaves the field because of an opponent's card: You can Special Summon 1 "Chaos" Synchro Monster from your Extra Deck, except "Chaos Archfiend". You can only use this effect of "Chaos Archfiend" once per turn.

    16227633 Mementotlan Bone Back

    If a face-up "Memento" monster(s) you control leaves the field because of an opponent's card: Special Summon 1 "Mementoal Tecuhtlica - Combined Creation" from your hand or Deck, ignoring its Summoning conditions. If your opponent moves a "Memento" monster(s) out of your GY, while this card is in your GY (except during the Damage Step): You can banish this card; Special Summon as many "Memento" monsters as possible with different names from your hand and/or Deck. You can only use each effect of "Mementotlan Bone Back" once per turn.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Leaves the field by your opponent" and Summoning procedures
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Leaves the field by your opponent" and failing to equip

    10.53 Leaves the field because of an opponent's card effect

    Examples
    88316955 Krawler Spine

    FLIP: You can target 1 monster on the field; destroy that monster.
    If this face-up card in its owner's control leaves the field because of an opponent's card effect: You can Special Summon 2 "Krawler" monsters with different names from your Deck in face-down Defense Position, except "Krawler Spine". You can only use each effect of "Krawler Spine" once per turn.

    52472775 Prayers of the Voiceless Voice

    This card can be used to Ritual Summon any LIGHT Ritual Monster. You must also Tribute LIGHT monsters from your hand or field whose total Levels equal or exceed the Level of the Ritual Monster. If a face-up LIGHT Ritual Monster(s) you control leaves the field by an opponent's card effect (except during the Damage Step): You can banish this card from your GY; Special Summon 1 "Sauravis, the Ancient and Ascended", "Saffira, Queen of Dragons", or "Skull Guardian, Protector of the Voiceless Voice" from your hand or Deck, ignoring its Summoning conditions. You can only use this effect of "Prayers of the Voiceless Voice" once per turn.
    46660187 War Rock Big Blow

    During the Main Phase, if a face-up "War Rock" monster(s) you control leaves the field by an opponent's card effect: Destroy up to 2 cards your opponent controls. You can only activate 1 "War Rock Big Blow" per turn.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Despian Quaeritis", "Macro Cosmos"
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Unchained Soul of Disaster", "Sky Striker Ace - Raye"

    10.54 Make your opponent/Your opponent must do [A]

    Examples
    27279764 Apoqliphort Towers

    Cannot be Special Summoned. Requires 3 "Qli" Tributes to Normal Summon/Set. If this card is Normal Summoned/Set, it is unaffected by Spell/Trap effects and by activated effects from any monster whose original Level/Rank is lower than this card's current Level. All Special Summoned monsters lose 500 ATK and DEF. Once per turn: You can make your opponent send 1 monster from their hand or their side of the field to the Graveyard (their choice).
    94016752 Herald of the Abyss

    Pay 1500 LP and declare 1 Monster Type and 1 Attribute; your opponent must send 1 face-up monster with the declared Type and Attribute from their field to the GY, if possible. For the rest of this turn, your opponent cannot activate the effects of monsters with that sent monster's name. You can only activate 1 "Herald of the Abyss" per turn.
    24207889 There Can Be Only One

    Each player can only control 1 monster of each Type. If a player controls 2 or more monsters of the same Type, they must send some to the GY so they control no more than 1 monster of that Type.
    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Chaos Hunter", "Evenly Matched"
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Evenly Matched", "Metaphys Executor"
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Evenly Matched", "Ancient Gear Howitzer"
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Monsters sent by Apoqliphort Towers's effect are not considered sent to the GY by a card effect

    10.55 Must attack

    Examples
    39168895 Berserk Gorilla

    If this card is in face-up Defense Position, destroy this card. This card must attack if able.
    65261141 Nightmare Pain

    During your Main Phase: You can destroy 1 DARK monster in your hand or face-up field, and if you do, add 1 "Yubel", or 1 card that mentions it, from your Deck to your hand, except "Nightmare Pain". You can only use this effect of "Nightmare Pain" once per turn. While you control a "Yubel" monster, your opponent's monsters that can attack must attack "Yubel" monsters. Your opponent takes any battle damage you would have taken from battles involving your "Yubel" monsters.
    26509612 Terra Firma Gravity

    During your opponent's Battle Phase, if you control "Elemental HERO Terra Firma": This turn, all Level 4 or lower monsters your opponent controls that can attack a face-up "Elemental HERO Terra Firma" you control must attack it, and cannot otherwise attack.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Must attack" & "cannot be targeted for attacks"

    10.56 Negate Activation of Cards

    Examples
    90809975 Toadally Awesome

    2 Level 2 Aqua monsters
    Once per turn, during the Standby Phase: You can detach 1 material from this card; Special Summon 1 "Frog" monster from your Deck. Once per turn, when your opponent activates a Spell/Trap Card, or monster effect (Quick Effect): You can send 1 Aqua monster from your hand or face-up field to the GY; negate the activation, and if you do, destroy that card, then you can Set it to your field. If this card is sent to the GY: You can target 1 WATER monster in your GY; add it to your hand.

    69279219 My Body as a Shield

    When your opponent activates a Spell/Trap Card or monster effect that would destroy a monster(s) on the field: Pay 1500 LP; negate the activation, and if you do, destroy it.
    3819470 Seven Tools of the Bandit

    When a Trap Card is activated: Pay 1000 LP; negate the activation, and if you do, destroy it.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 153-154
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Light and Darkness Dragon" and negating activation of a Continuous Spell Card
    3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 75
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Horus the Black Flame Dragon LV8", "Stardust Dragon"
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Negating a card's activation removes it from the field, but is not treated as leaving the field

    10.57 Negate Activation of Effects

    Examples
    84815190 Baronne de Fleur

    1 Tuner + 1+ non-Tuner monsters
    Once per turn: You can target 1 card on the field; destroy it. Once while face-up on the field, when a card or effect is activated (Quick Effect): You can negate the activation, and if you do, destroy that card. You can only use the previous effect of "Baronne de Fleur" once per turn. Once per turn, during the Standby Phase: You can target 1 Level 9 or lower monster in your GY; return this card to the Extra Deck, and if you do, Special Summon that monster.

    27548199 Borreload Savage Dragon

    1 Tuner + 1+ non-Tuner monsters
    If this card is Synchro Summoned: You can equip 1 Link Monster from your GY to this card, and if you do, place Borrel Counters on this card equal to that Link Monster's Link Rating. This card gains ATK equal to half the ATK of the monster equipped to it by its effect. When your opponent activates a card or effect (Quick Effect): You can remove 1 Borrel Counter from this card; negate the activation. You can only use this effect of "Borreload Savage Dragon" once per turn.

    79759367 Madolche Nights

    When a monster effect is activated, if you have no monsters in your GY: Negate the activation, then if you control "Madolche Puddingcess", shuffle 1 random card from your opponent's hand into the Deck.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 153
    2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 154
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Negating the activation of a monster's activated effect while it is face-down
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Negating an effect's activation affects the activating card

    10.58 Negate Activated Effects

    Examples
    90590303 Number 41: Bagooska the Terribly Tired Tapir

    2 Level 4 monsters
    Once per turn, during your Standby Phase, detach 1 material from this card. If you cannot, destroy it. This Attack Position card cannot be destroyed by your opponent's card effects. Your opponent cannot target this Attack Position card with card effects. While this card is in face-up Defense Position, change all face-up monsters on the field to Defense Position, also negate the activated effects of monsters that were in Defense Position when that effect was activated.

    63295720 Dragon's Light and Darkness

    Activate 1 of these effects (but you can only use each effect of "Dragon's Light and Darkness" once per turn);
    ● Shuffle 1 Level 8 Dragon monster from your hand into the Deck and add 1 Level 8 Dragon monster with a different Attribute from your Deck to your hand.
    ● Target 1 Dragon monster you control; it gains ATK equal to its Level x 200.
    ● When a card or effect is activated that targets a Dragon monster you control: Negate that effect.

    40366667 Dominus Impulse

    If your opponent controls a card, you can activate this card from your hand. When a card or effect is activated that includes an effect that Special Summons a monster(s): Negate that effect, then if you have a Trap in your GY, destroy that card. If you activated this card from your hand, you cannot activate the effects of LIGHT, EARTH, and WIND monsters for the rest of this Duel. You can only activate 1 "Dominus Impulse" per turn.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 155
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Effects negation, and what removes/doesn't remove it
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Negating a monster's activated effect while it is face-down

    10.59 Negate Effects

    Examples
    9753964 Hot Red Dragon Archfiend Abyss

    1 Tuner + 1 non-Tuner DARK Dragon Synchro Monster
    (Quick Effect): You can target 1 face-up card your opponent controls; negate its effects until the end of this turn. When this card inflicts battle damage to your opponent: You can target 1 Tuner in your GY; Special Summon it in Defense Position. You can only use each effect of "Hot Red Dragon Archfiend Abyss" once per turn.

    54693926 Dark Ruler No More

    Negate the effects of all face-up monsters your opponent currently controls, until the end of this turn, also, for the rest of this turn after this card resolves, your opponent takes no damage. Neither player can activate monster effects in response to this card's activation.
    82732705 Skill Drain

    Activate this card by paying 1000 LP. Negate the effects of all face-up monsters while they are face-up on the field (but their effects can still be activated).

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 155
    2. Yugipedia
    3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 165-166
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality for effect negation
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Normal Summoning a negated Gemini Monster
    6. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 166-167
    7. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 171-172
    8. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Infinite Impermanence", "Accesscode Talker"
    9. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Dark Rebellion Xyz Dragon", "Infinite Impermanence", "Eldlich the Golden Lord"
    10. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Multiple attacks, and the monster's effects being negated while attacking
    11. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Attacking in Defense Position, and negating the attacking monster's effects
    12. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Effects negation, and what removes/doesn't remove it
    13. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Skill Drain", "Crystal Beast Ruby Carbuncle"
    14. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: When a monster's effects that gained the Level, name or effect of another monster are negated, then only the Level will return to its original value
    15. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Prank-Kids Rocket Ride", "Skill Drain"
    16. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 169-170
    17. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Negating monster effects of a Monster/Trap hybrid

    10.59.1 Legality of effect negation

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 155
    2. Yugipedia
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality for effect negation
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Attempting to negate a negated monster's effects
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Effects negation applying to Effect Monsters without any effect

    10.60 Negate Summons

    Examples
    4810828 Sauravis, the Ancient and Ascended

    You can Ritual Summon this card with "Sprite's Blessing". When your opponent activates a card or effect that targets a monster you control (Quick Effect): You can discard this card; negate the activation. When your opponent would Special Summon a monster(s) (Quick Effect): You can return this card to the hand; negate the Special Summon, and if you do, banish that monster(s).
    11593137 Chaos Trap Hole

    When a LIGHT or DARK monster(s) would be Summoned: Pay 2000 LP; negate the Summon of the LIGHT and DARK monster(s), and if you do, banish it.
    98069388 Horn of Heaven

    When a monster(s) would be Summoned: Tribute 1 monster; negate the Summon, and if you do, destroy that monster(s).

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 77
    2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 79
    3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 81-82
    4. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 81
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Properly Summoned status and negating Flip Summons
    6. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 101-102
    7. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: 'sent to the GY as material' and negating summons
    8. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Solemn Judgment", "Destruction Jammer"
    9. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Horn of Heaven", "Chthonian Emperor Dragon"
    10. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 85
    11. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 87
    12. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 95
    13. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 97-98
    14. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Negating delayed Special Summons
    15. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Tenpai Dragon Chundra", "Sauravis, the Ancient and Ascended"
    16. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Timaeus the Knight of Destiny", "Solemn Judgment"

    10.61 Piercing Battle Damage

    Examples
    83104731 Ancient Gear Golem

    Cannot be Special Summoned. If this card attacks, your opponent cannot activate any Spell/Trap Cards until the end of the Damage Step. If this card attacks a Defense Position monster, inflict piercing battle damage.
    97687912 Fairy Meteor Crush

    If the equipped monster attacks a Defense Position monster, inflict piercing battle damage to your opponent.
    30643162 Strike Slash

    When a monster you control declares an attack: Until the End Phase, that monster gains 700 ATK, also, if it attacks a Defense Position monster, inflict piercing battle damage to your opponent.
    References:
    1. Official rulebook page 54

    10.62 Place a card on the field in your Spell/Trap/Pendulum Zone

    Examples
    42493140 Centur-Ion Trudea

    During your Main Phase: You can place this card you control and 1 "Centur-Ion" monster from your hand or Deck, except "Centur-Ion Trudea", in your Spell & Trap Zones as face-up Continuous Traps, also you cannot Special Summon "Centur-Ion Trudea" for the rest of this turn. During the Main Phase, if this card is a Continuous Trap: You can Special Summon this card, then you can increase its Level by 4. You can only use each effect of "Centur-Ion Trudea" once per turn.
    53639887 Divine Temple of the Snake-Eye

    When this card is activated: You can place 1 "Snake-Eye" monster from your hand, Deck, or GY face-up in its owner's Spell & Trap Zone as a Continuous Spell. Level 1 FIRE monsters you control gain 1100 ATK. Once per turn, if your opponent Normal or Special Summons a monster(s) (except during the Damage Step): You can target 1 Monster Card on the field treated as a Continuous Spell; Special Summon it to your field. You can only activate 1 "Divine Temple of the Snake-Eye" per turn.
    42378577 Pendulum Switch

    You can target 1 card in your Pendulum Zone; Special Summon it. You can target 1 Pendulum Monster in your Monster Zone; place that Pendulum Monster in your Pendulum Zone. You can only use 1 "Pendulum Switch" effect per turn, and only once that turn.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Changing from only-Monster to only-Spell creates a new copy
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Relay Soul" and monster moved to Spell & Trap Zone

    10.63 Place a card on the field in your Spell/Trap/Pendulum Zone instead of destroying it

    Examples
    32710364 Crystal Beast Ruby Carbuncle

    When this card is Special Summoned: You can Special Summon as many "Crystal Beast" Monster Cards as possible from your Spell & Trap Zones. If this face-up card is destroyed in a Monster Zone, you can place it face-up in your Spell & Trap Zone as a Continuous Spell, instead of sending it to the GY.
    63017368 Wedju Temple

    During your Main Phase: You can place 1 monster from your hand in your Spell & Trap Zone as a face-up Continuous Spell, then place 1 "Millennium" monster from your Deck in your Spell & Trap Zone as a face-up Continuous Spell. You can only use this effect of "Wedju Temple" once per turn. If a face-up "Millennium" monster(s) you control is destroyed by battle or card effect, you can place it in your Spell & Trap Zone as a face-up Continuous Spell, instead of sending it to the GY.
    49514333 Tiki Soul

    Special Summon this card as an Effect Monster (Rock-Type/LIGHT/Level 4/ATK 1000/DEF 1800). (This card is also still a Trap Card.) While this card is an Effect Monster, if another Trap Card you control that is a monster would be destroyed by your opponent's card (either by battle or by card effect) and sent to your Graveyard, you can Set it in the Spell & Trap Card Zone instead.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Banisher of the Light", "Crystal Beast Ruby Carbuncle"
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Relay Soul" and monster moved to Spell & Trap Zone
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Skill Drain", "Crystal Beast Ruby Carbuncle"

    10.64 Properties Changing

    Examples
    63748694 Gunkan Suship Shari Red

    This card's name becomes "Gunkan Suship Shari" while in the hand, Deck, GY, or on the field. You can only use the following effect of "Gunkan Suship Shari Red" once per turn. You can reveal 1 other "Gunkan Suship Shari" in your hand; Special Summon this card from your hand, then you can apply this effect.
    ● Special Summon 1 "Gunkan" monster from your Deck, except "Gunkan Suship Shari", but negate its effects (if any), then, Special Summon from your Extra Deck, 1 Xyz Monster that mentions that Special Summoned monster's name, using that monster and this card as material. (This is treated as an Xyz Summon.)

    4064256 Zombie World

    All monsters on the field and in the GYs become Zombie monsters. Neither player can Tribute Summon monsters, except Zombie monsters.
    567696742 DNA Transplant

    Activate by declaring 1 monster Attribute. All face-up monsters become that Attribute.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 105-106
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Gozen Match", "Elemental Mistress Doriado"
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Property changing and being treated as having Special Summoned monsters with a given property
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Monsters being summoned "as a monster with Y property", and restrictions on summoning monsters with/without a specific property X
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Brain Golem", "Scroll of Bewitchment"
    6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Summon-immediately-after & monsters' properties changing after being Summoned
    7. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: When a monster's effects that gained the Level, name or effect of another monster are negated, then only the Level will return to its original value

    10.64.1 Triggers for monsters with a certain property being Summoned, and then losing that property

    Example: while "Harpies' Hunting Ground" is face-up on the field, Skill Drain is activated, and "Call of the Haunted" resolves in response, Special Summoning Harpie Queen. At the time that "Harpie Queen" is Special Summoned by the effect of "Call of the Haunted", its name is treated as "Harpie Lady". Afterwards, when the effect of Skill Drain applies, the effect of "Harpie Queen" is negated, and its name returns to being "Harpie Queen". Regardless, a "Harpie Lady" or "Harpie Lady Sisters" has been Special Summoned to the field, and the effect of "Harpies' Hunting Ground" must be activated.

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Triggers for monsters with a certain property being Summoned, and then losing that property

    10.65 Properties Changing - Name changing

    Examples
    80316585 Cyber Harpie Lady

    (This card's name is always treated as "Harpie Lady".)
    63748694 Gunkan Suship Shari Red

    This card's name becomes "Gunkan Suship Shari" while in the hand, Deck, GY, or on the field. You can only use the following effect of "Gunkan Suship Shari Red" once per turn. You can reveal 1 other "Gunkan Suship Shari" in your hand; Special Summon this card from your hand, then you can apply this effect.
    ● Special Summon 1 "Gunkan" monster from your Deck, except "Gunkan Suship Shari", but negate its effects (if any), then, Special Summon from your Extra Deck, 1 Xyz Monster that mentions that Special Summoned monster's name, using that monster and this card as material. (This is treated as an Xyz Summon.)

    47387961 Number 8: Heraldic King Genom-Heritage

    2 Level 4 "Heraldic Beast" monsters
    Once per turn: You can target 1 face-up Xyz Monster your opponent controls; this card's name and original ATK become that monster's name and current ATK, and this card's effect becomes that monster's original effect, then that monster's ATK becomes 0 and its effects are negated. These changes last until the End Phase.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 55
    2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 41
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Gunkan Suship Shari Red"
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Archetype inclusion/exclusion clauses apply to a particular card name, not to a particular card
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: When a monster's effects that gained the Level, name or effect of another monster are negated, then only the Level will return to its original value

    10.66 Properties Changing - Attribute changing

    Examples
    99414168 Elemental Mistress Doriado

    This card can only be Ritual Summoned with the Ritual Spell Card, "Doriado's Blessing". The Attribute of this card is also treated as WIND, WATER, FIRE, and EARTH while it is face-up on the field.
    73046708 Armored Xyz

    Target 1 face-up monster you control and 1 Xyz Monster in your GY; equip that monster from your GY to that monster on the field as an Equip Spell with these effects.
    ● Change the equipped monster's ATK to this card's ATK.
    ● The equipped monster gains this card's Attribute.
    ● At the end of the Damage Step, if the equipped monster attacked: You can send this card to the GY; that attacking monster can make a second attack in a row.

    567696742 DNA Transplant

    Activate by declaring 1 monster Attribute. All face-up monsters become that Attribute.
    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Monsters with multiple attributes count for all their attributes when used as material
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Different Attributes" and multi-Attribute monsters

    10.67 Properties Changing - Copy effect continuous/lingering

    Examples
    30312361 Phantom of Chaos

    Your opponent takes no battle damage from attacks involving this card. Once per turn: You can target 1 Effect Monster in your GY; banish that target, and if you do, until the End Phase, this card's name and original ATK become that monster's name and original ATK, and replace this effect with that monster's original effects.
    97864322 Emperor Charles the Great

    1 Level 9 "Infernoble Knight Emperor Charles" equipped with an Equip Card(s)
    If this card is Link Summoned: You can target 1 "Infernoble Knight Emperor Charles" in your GY; this card's name becomes that target's original name, and it gains that target's original effects, then equip that target to this card as an Equip Spell that gives it 500 ATK. Once per turn, when a Spell/Trap Card or effect is activated (Quick Effect): You can send 1 Equip Spell from your hand or face-up field to the GY; negate the activation, and if you do, destroy that card.

    77584012 Pseudo Space

    Once per turn: You can banish 1 Field Spell Card from your Graveyard; until the End Phase, this card's name becomes that card's original name, and replace this effect with that card's original effects.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 172-173
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Monsters gaining the effects of other monsters, and once-per-turn restrictions
    3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 175
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Neo-Spacian Dark Panther", "Chthonian Emperor Dragon"
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: When a monster's effects that gained the Level, name or effect of another monster are negated, then only the Level will return to its original value

    10.68 Properties Changing - Copy effect resolves as another card's effect

    Examples
    48832775 Dinomorphia Kentregina

    2 "Dinomorphia" monsters with different names
    Loses ATK equal to your LP. You can only use each of the following effects of "Dinomorphia Kentregina" once per turn. During the Main Phase (Quick Effect): You can pay half your LP and banish 1 "Dinomorphia" Normal Trap from your GY; this effect becomes that Trap's effect when that card is activated. If this card is destroyed by battle or card effect: You can Special Summon 1 Level 4 or lower "Dinomorphia" monster from your GY.

    56981417 Spellbook of the Master

    If you control a Spellcaster-Type monster: You can reveal 1 other "Spellbook" card in your hand, then target 1 "Spellbook" Normal Spell Card in your Graveyard, except "Spellbook of the Master"; this card's effect becomes that target's effect. You can only activate 1 "Spellbook of the Master" per turn.
    6351147 Transaction Rollback

    Pay half your LP, then target 1 Normal Trap in your opponent's GY, except "Transaction Rollback"; this effect becomes that card's activation effect. You can banish this card from your GY and pay half your LP, then target 1 Normal Trap in your GY, except "Transaction Rollback"; this effect becomes that card's activation effect. You can only use 1 "Transaction Rollback" effect per turn, and only once that turn.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Serial Spell", "Rank-Up-Magic - The Seventh One"
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Applying the effects of another card, and whose effect it is treated as
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Transaction Rollback", "Extinction on Schedule"
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Transaction Rollback"
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Copying activated effects and named once per turn restrictions
    6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Predaplant Verte Anaconda", "Magical Meltdown", "Fusion Duplication", "Transaction Rollback"
    7. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Traptrix Rafflesia", "Stardust Dragon"

    10.69 Properties Changing - Gains this effect

    Examples
    78872731 Zoodiac Ratpier

    If this card is Normal Summoned: You can send 1 "Zoodiac" card from your Deck to the Graveyard. An Xyz Monster whose original Type is Beast-Warrior and has this card as Xyz Material gains this effect.
    ● Once per turn: You can detach 1 Xyz Material from this card; Special Summon 1 "Zoodiac Ratpier" from your hand or Deck.

    7614732 Greater Polymerization

    Fusion Summon 1 Fusion Monster from your Extra Deck, using 3 or more monsters from your hand or field as Fusion Material, and if you do, it gains these effects.
    ● This card cannot be destroyed by card effects.
    ● If this card attacks a Defense Position monster, inflict piercing battle damage.

    16849715 The Weather Thundery Canvas

    "The Weather" Effect Monsters in your Main Monster Zones of this card's column and its adjacent columns gain this effect.
    ● At the start of the Damage Step, if this card battles an opponent's monster: You can banish this card; return that opponent's monster to the hand.
    You can only control 1 "The Weather Thundery Canvas".

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Unclassified effects that apply when a card is used as material still apply if the card's effects on the field are negated
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Ryu-Ge Ascension Gate of Serpentfall", "Guangba, Luminous Ryu-Ge of Starforge"
    3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 68

    10.70 Random

    Examples
    52350806 Danger! Mothman!

    You can reveal this card in your hand; your opponent randomly chooses 1 card from your entire hand, then you discard the chosen card. Then, if the discarded card was not "Danger! Mothman!", Special Summon 1 "Danger! Mothman!" from your hand, and if you do, draw 1 card. If this card is discarded: You can have both players draw 1 card, then both players discard 1 card. You can only use this effect of "Danger! Mothman!" once per turn.
    49238328 Pot of Extravagance

    At the start of your Main Phase 1: Banish 3 or 6 random face-down cards from your Extra Deck, face-down; draw 1 card for every 3 cards banished. For the rest of this turn after this card resolves, you cannot draw any cards by card effects.
    15800838 Mind Crush

    Declare 1 card name; if that card is in your opponent's hand, they must discard all copies of it, otherwise you discard 1 random card.

    When a card effect says to choose a card randomly, there is no official way of doing so, it is fine as long as neither player has a way of knowing which card is being chosen.

    References:
    1. Official rulebook page 54

    10.71 Return/Add to the Hand

    Examples
    75878039 Satellarknight Deneb

    If this card is Summoned: You can add 1 "tellarknight" monster from your Deck to your hand, except "Satellarknight Deneb". You can only use this effect of "Satellarknight Deneb" once per turn.
    77116346 Dinomist Charge

    When this card is activated: Add 1 "Dinomist" monster from your Deck to your hand. Once per turn, if a "Dinomist" card(s) is added from the field to your Extra Deck face-up: Add 1 of those cards to your hand. You can only activate 1 "Dinomist Charge" per turn.
    94192409 Compulsory Evacuation Device

    Target 1 monster on the field; return that target to the hand.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 152
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Herald of Pure Light"
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Fairy Tail - Luna" and Tokens
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Plaguespreader Zombie", "Blackwing - Zephyros the Elite", "Immortal Phoenix Gearfried"
    5. Official rulebook page 53
    6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "R-Genex Accelerator"
    7. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 145
    8. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Effects negation, and what removes/doesn't remove it

    10.71.1 Costs that Return/Add to the Hand

    For costs that read "return a card(s) to the hand;", cards must be returned to the hand in order to activate the effects.

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Plaguespreader Zombie", "Blackwing - Zephyros the Elite", "Immortal Phoenix Gearfried"

    10.71.2 Legality of adding then discarding/sending

    A card's (1) effect which involves adding a card (2) with a certain property and then discarding/sending a card (3) with (2)'s same property, (1) can be activated even if there are no cards of with (2)'s property in your hand at the moment of (1)'s activation.

    Example Question:
    There are currently no Dragon monsters and no Winged Beast monsters in my hand. Can I activate the effect of "Dragunity Knight - Gae Dearg"?
    Answer:
    You can activate the effect of "Dragunity Knight - Gae Dearg" even if there are no Dragon monsters and no Winged Beast monsters in your hand. If you do this, you will first add a Dragon or Winged Beast from your Deck to your hand, then discard that same monster.

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality of effects that add, then discard/send

    10.72 Return/Shuffle to the Deck

    Examples
    37164373 Madolche Queen Tiaramisu

    2 Level 4 "Madolche" monsters
    Once per turn: You can detach 1 material from this card, then target up to 2 "Madolche" card(s) in your GY; shuffle those cards into the Deck, also, after that, shuffle cards your opponent controls into the Deck, up to the number of "Madolche" cards returned.

    88369727 Foolish Return

    Target 1 card in your opponent's GY; shuffle it into the Deck.
    47475363 Drowning Mirror Force

    When an opponent's monster declares a direct attack: Shuffle all your opponent's Attack Position monsters into the Deck.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 151
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Shinobaroness Peacock", "Mystical Space Typhoon"
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Pot of Acquisitiveness"
    4. Official rulebook page 53
    5. Official KONAMI's 2021 rules update

    10.73 Return to the Graveyard

    Examples
    74586817 PSY-Framelord Omega

    1 Tuner + 1+ non-Tuner monsters
    Once per turn, during the Main Phase (Quick Effect): You can banish both this face-up card from the field and 1 random card from your opponent's hand, face-up, until your next Standby Phase. Once per turn, during your opponent's Standby Phase: You can target 1 banished card; return it to the GY. If this card is in your GY: You can target 1 other card in the GY; shuffle both that card and this card from the GY into the Deck.

    68663748 Fortune's Future

    Target 1 of your banished "Fortune Lady" monsters; return it to the GY, then draw 2 cards.
    30338466 Bujin Regalia - The Sword

    Activate 1 of these effects.
    ● Target 1 "Bujin" monster in your Graveyard; add that target to your hand.
    ● Target 1 of your banished "Bujin" monsters; send that target to the Graveyard.

    References:
    1. Official rulebook page 55

    10.74 Reveal

    Examples
    30126992 Lightray Diabolos

    Cannot be Normal Summoned/Set. Must first be Special Summoned (from your hand) by having 5 or more LIGHT monsters with different names in your Graveyard. Once per turn: You can banish 1 LIGHT monster from your Graveyard, then target 1 Set card your opponent controls; reveal that target, then place that target on either the top or bottom of the Deck.
    51697825 Jack-In-The-Hand

    Reveal 3 Level 1 monsters with different names from your Deck, your opponent adds 1 to their hand, you add 1 to your hand, and you shuffle the third into the Deck. You can only activate 1 "Jack-In-The-Hand" per turn.
    11802691 The Continuing Epic of Charles

    Reveal 1 "Noble Arms" Equip Spell in your hand, and if you do, Special Summon 1 "Infernoble Knight" monster from your hand or Deck, then either equip the revealed card to that monster, or send it to the GY. You can banish this card from your GY, then target 1 "Infernoble Knight Emperor Charles" you control; equip 1 "Noble Knight" monster from your hand or Deck to that monster as an Equip Spell that gives it 500 ATK. You can only use each effect of "The Continuing Epic of Charles" once per turn.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. Official rulebook page 55

    10.75 Send to the Graveyard

    Examples
    25533642 Altergeist Meluseek

    This card can attack directly. When this card inflicts battle damage to your opponent: You can target 1 card your opponent controls; send it to the GY. If this card is sent from the field to the GY: You can add 1 "Altergeist" monster from your Deck to your hand, except "Altergeist Meluseek". You can only use this effect of "Altergeist Meluseek" once per turn.
    81439173 Foolish Burial

    Send 1 monster from your Deck to the GY.
    21597117 A Hero Emerges

    When an opponent's monster declares an attack: Your opponent chooses 1 random card from your hand, then if it is a monster that can be Special Summoned, Special Summon it. Otherwise, send it to the GY.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 132-133
    2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 148-149
    3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 131-133
    4. Official rulebook page 55
    5. Official rulebook page 53

    10.75.1 Costs that Send to the Graveyard

    Reminder of costs:

    For costs that read "discard [X]", cards from the hand must be discarded from the hand in order to activate the effects. Cards that are discarded are treated as being discarded from the hand and as being sent to the Graveyard as a result[1].

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 132-133
    2. Yugipedia
    3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 131

    10.75.2 Legality of adding then discarding/sending

    A card's (1) effect which involves adding a card (2) with a certain property and then discarding/sending a card (3) with (2)'s same property, (1) can be activated even if there are no cards of with (2)'s property in your hand at the moment of (1)'s activation.

    Example Question:
    There are currently no Dragon monsters and no Winged Beast monsters in my hand. Can I activate the effect of "Dragunity Knight - Gae Dearg"?
    Answer:
    You can activate the effect of "Dragunity Knight - Gae Dearg" even if there are no Dragon monsters and no Winged Beast monsters in your hand. If you do this, you will first add a Dragon or Winged Beast from your Deck to your hand, then discard that same monster.

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Activation legality of effects that add, then discard/send

    10.76 Specifically lists a card name/mentions a card name

    Examples
    7084129 Magician's Rod

    When this card is Normal Summoned: You can add 1 Spell/Trap from your Deck to your hand, that mentions "Dark Magician". During your opponent's turn, if you activate a Spell/Trap Card or effect while this card is in your GY (except during the Damage Step): You can Tribute 1 Spellcaster monster; add this card to your hand. You can only use each effect of "Magician's Rod" once per turn.
    13048472 Pre-Preparation of Rites

    Add 1 Ritual Spell from your Deck to your hand, and add 1 Ritual Monster from your Deck or GY to your hand whose name is mentioned on that Ritual Spell. You can only activate 1 "Pre-Preparation of Rites" per turn.
    66127916 Fusion Reserve

    Reveal 1 Fusion Monster in your Extra Deck, add 1 of the Fusion Materials whose name is specifically listed on that card from your Deck to your hand, then you can add 1 "Polymerization" from your Graveyard to your hand.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 56
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: If a card "Fusion Summons a Fusion Monster that lists [X] as material", it must use a material requirement that meets [X], and must also use a monster that meets [X] to meet that specific requirement

    10.76.1 Ritual Monsters whose name is listed on a Ritual Spell Card

    The text "A Ritual Monster whose name is listed on a Ritual Spell Card" means a Ritual Monster whose card name is written in the effect text of the corresponding Ritual Spell Card, like how "Black Luster Soldier" is written in the effect text of "Black Luster Ritual"[1].

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 57
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Rebirth of Nephthys", "Pre-Preparation of Rites"

    10.77 Substitute for any 1 Fusion Material

    Examples
    79109599 King of the Swamp

    This card in your hand, field, or GY can be used as a substitute for any 1 Fusion Material whose name is mentioned on the Fusion Monster Card, but the other materials must be correct. You can discard this card to the GY; add 1 "Polymerization" from your Deck to your hand.
    6205579 Fusion Parasite

    This card can be used as a substitute for any 1 Fusion Material whose name is specifically listed on the Fusion Monster Card, but the other Fusion Material(s) must be correct. Cannot be used as Fusion Material otherwise. If this card is Special Summoned (except during the Damage Step): You can Fusion Summon 1 Fusion Monster from your Extra Deck, using monsters you control as Fusion Materials, including this card.
    4904633 Shaddoll Core

    Special Summon this card as an Effect Monster (Spellcaster/DARK/Level 9/ATK 1450/DEF 1950). (This card is also still a Trap.) If Summoned this way, you can substitute this monster for 1 Fusion Material that lists an Attribute, on a "Shaddoll" Fusion Monster Card. If this card is sent to the GY by a card effect: You can target 1 "Shaddoll" Spell/Trap in your GY, except "Shaddoll Core"; add it to your hand.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Fusion Substitutes cannot apply while in the Deck, or while banished
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: If a card "Fusion Summons a Fusion Monster that lists [X] as material", it must use a material requirement that meets [X], and must also use a monster that meets [X] to meet that specific requirement

    10.78 Summon from Spell/Trap/Pendulum Zone

    Examples
    15005145 Centur-Ion Primera

    While this card is a Continuous Trap, Level 5 or higher "Centur-Ion" monsters you control cannot be destroyed by card effects. You can only use each of the following effects of "Centur-Ion Primera" once per turn. If this card is Normal or Special Summoned: You can add 1 "Centur-Ion" card from your Deck to your hand, except "Centur-Ion Primera", also you cannot Special Summon "Centur-Ion Primera" for the rest of this turn. During the Main Phase, if this card is a Continuous Trap: You can Special Summon this card.
    53639887 Divine Temple of the Snake-Eye

    When this card is activated: You can place 1 "Snake-Eye" monster from your hand, Deck, or GY face-up in its owner's Spell & Trap Zone as a Continuous Spell. Level 1 FIRE monsters you control gain 1100 ATK. Once per turn, if your opponent Normal or Special Summons a monster(s) (except during the Damage Step): You can target 1 Monster Card on the field treated as a Continuous Spell; Special Summon it to your field. You can only activate 1 "Divine Temple of the Snake-Eye" per turn.
    42378577 Pendulum Switch

    You can target 1 card in your Pendulum Zone; Special Summon it. You can target 1 Pendulum Monster in your Monster Zone; place that Pendulum Monster in your Pendulum Zone. You can only use 1 "Pendulum Switch" effect per turn, and only once that turn.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Changing from only-Spell to only-Monster creates a new copy
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Changing from only-Monster to only-Spell creates a new copy
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Raigeki Break","The Phantom Knights of Shade Brigandine"
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Centur-Ion Primera", "Baronne de Fleur"
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Changing from only-Trap to Monster/Trap does not create a new copy
    6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Tokens cannot be Special Summoned from the Spell & Trap Zone
    7. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Divine Temple of the Snake-Eye"

    10.79 This turn/For the rest of the turn/Until [X] turn, apply [A] - Lingering Effects

    Examples
    94145021 Droll & Lock Bird

    If a card(s) is added from the Main Deck to your opponent's hand, except during the Draw Phase (Quick Effect): You can send this card from your hand to the GY; for the rest of this turn, cards cannot be added from either player's Main Deck to the hand.
    25789292 Forbidden Chalice

    Target 1 face-up monster on the field; until the end of this turn, that target gains 400 ATK, but its effects are negated.
    83326048 Dimensional Barrier

    Declare 1 monster card type (Ritual, Fusion, Synchro, Xyz, or Pendulum); for the rest of this turn, neither player can Special Summon monsters of the declared type, also negate the effects of all monsters of that type while they are on the field. You can only activate 1 "Dimensional Barrier" per turn.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Prank-Kids Rocket Ride", "Skill Drain"
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Unaffected by activated effects" and what it means

    10.79.1 Lingering Effects vs Unaffected

    Depending on the kind of lingering effect and if a card is/becomes unaffected, there can be different outcomes. In the table, ✔️ means that the lingering effect remains applied on the unaffected monster, while ❌ means otherwise.
    Lingering Effect (LE) LE applied before the unaffected monster is summoned Unaffected monster on the field, LE applied afterwards Monster becomes unaffected after LE was applied
    ATK/DEF modification ✔️[3]
    Example Question:
    If "Chaos Ancient Gear Giant" is Fusion Summoned by the effect of "Power Bond", which effects are applied?
    Answer:
    Even if "Chaos Ancient Gear Giant" is Fusion Summoned with the effect of "Power Bond", it will gain ATK equal to its original ATK. During the End Phase of this turn, the effect that inflicts damage to you equal to its original ATK is also applied normally.
    ("Chaos Ancient Gear Giant" will have 9000 ATK, and you will take 4500 damage during the End Phase of this turn.)
    		❌[2]
    Example Question:
    I activate "Spellbook of Power" by targeting a Spellcaster monster, to which the effect of "Forbidden Lance" has previously been applied. In this scenario, what happens to "Spellbook of Power"'s effect that increases the monster's ATK? Additionally, what happens to its effect that adds a "Spellbook" card to your hand?
    Furthermore, what happens if "Forbidden Lance" is instead applied to the monster after "Spellbook of Power" has resolved?
    Answer:
    If you activate "Spellbook of Power" by targeting a Spellcaster that is unaffected by Spell effects, such as due to the effect of "Forbidden Lance", neither effect of "Spellbook of Power" will be applied.
    Furthermore, if you activate "Forbidden Lance" by targeting a Spellcaster to which the effect of "Spellbook of Power" has already been applied, the effect of "Spellbook of Power" will remain applied to that monster.
    		✔️[2]
    Example Question:
    I activate "Spellbook of Power" by targeting a Spellcaster monster, to which the effect of "Forbidden Lance" has previously been applied. In this scenario, what happens to "Spellbook of Power"'s effect that increases the monster's ATK? Additionally, what happens to its effect that adds a "Spellbook" card to your hand?
    Furthermore, what happens if "Forbidden Lance" is instead applied to the monster after "Spellbook of Power" has resolved?
    Answer:
    If you activate "Spellbook of Power" by targeting a Spellcaster that is unaffected by Spell effects, such as due to the effect of "Forbidden Lance", neither effect of "Spellbook of Power" will be applied.
    Furthermore, if you activate "Forbidden Lance" by targeting a Spellcaster to which the effect of "Spellbook of Power" has already been applied, the effect of "Spellbook of Power" will remain applied to that monster.
    If/When [X] destroys a monster by battle: do [A] ❌[2]
    Example Question:
    I activate "Spellbook of Power" by targeting a Spellcaster monster, to which the effect of "Forbidden Lance" has previously been applied. In this scenario, what happens to "Spellbook of Power"'s effect that increases the monster's ATK? Additionally, what happens to its effect that adds a "Spellbook" card to your hand?
    Furthermore, what happens if "Forbidden Lance" is instead applied to the monster after "Spellbook of Power" has resolved?
    Answer:
    If you activate "Spellbook of Power" by targeting a Spellcaster that is unaffected by Spell effects, such as due to the effect of "Forbidden Lance", neither effect of "Spellbook of Power" will be applied.
    Furthermore, if you activate "Forbidden Lance" by targeting a Spellcaster to which the effect of "Spellbook of Power" has already been applied, the effect of "Spellbook of Power" will remain applied to that monster.
    		✔️[2]
    Example Question:
    I activate "Spellbook of Power" by targeting a Spellcaster monster, to which the effect of "Forbidden Lance" has previously been applied. In this scenario, what happens to "Spellbook of Power"'s effect that increases the monster's ATK? Additionally, what happens to its effect that adds a "Spellbook" card to your hand?
    Furthermore, what happens if "Forbidden Lance" is instead applied to the monster after "Spellbook of Power" has resolved?
    Answer:
    If you activate "Spellbook of Power" by targeting a Spellcaster that is unaffected by Spell effects, such as due to the effect of "Forbidden Lance", neither effect of "Spellbook of Power" will be applied.
    Furthermore, if you activate "Forbidden Lance" by targeting a Spellcaster to which the effect of "Spellbook of Power" has already been applied, the effect of "Spellbook of Power" will remain applied to that monster.
    Negate Activated Effects ❌[6]
    Example Question:
    I activated "Harpie's Feather Storm" during this turn, and its effect that negates any monster effect activated by my opponent is applying. In this situation, if my opponent uses "Forbidden Lance" to make their "Spiritual Beast Cannahawk" unaffected by Spell/Trap effects, and then activates its effect that banishes a "Ritual Beast" card from the Deck, will that effect be negated by "Harpie's Feather Storm"?
    Answer:
    As in this scenario, when a monster on your opponent's field activates its effect, the effect of "Harpie's Feather Storm" is treated as an effect that is applied to that monster. Therefore, the effect of your opponent's "Spiritual Beast Cannahawk", which is unaffected by Spell/Trap effects, is not negated and resolves normally.
    Negate Effects ❌[5]
    Example Question:
    "Dimensional Barrier" was activated by declaring Xyz Monsters. In this case, if "Forbidden Lance" is activated by targeting an Xyz Monster whose effects are being negated by "Dimensional Barrier", what happens to its effects?
    Answer:
    The effect of "Dimensional Barrier" negates the effects of the declared monster type as long as they remain face-up on the field, but if "Forbidden Lance" is activated so that a monster becomes unaffected by Spell/Trap effects, its effects are no longer negated. (It does not matter if "Dimensional Barrier" was resolved before or after "Forbidden Lance".)
    		❌[5]
    Example Question:
    "Dimensional Barrier" was activated by declaring Xyz Monsters. In this case, if "Forbidden Lance" is activated by targeting an Xyz Monster whose effects are being negated by "Dimensional Barrier", what happens to its effects?
    Answer:
    The effect of "Dimensional Barrier" negates the effects of the declared monster type as long as they remain face-up on the field, but if "Forbidden Lance" is activated so that a monster becomes unaffected by Spell/Trap effects, its effects are no longer negated. (It does not matter if "Dimensional Barrier" was resolved before or after "Forbidden Lance".)
    Piercing Battle Damage ❌[4]
    Example Question:
    "Forbidden Lance" was activated targeting a "Junk Warrior" affected by "Scrap Fist", making it become unaffected by Spell Cards.
    If that "Junk Warrior" attacks other monsters you control during the Battle Phase of that turn, what happens with the applied effects of "Scrap Fist"?
    Answer:
    In the proposed scenario, the "•" effects that prevent the opponent from activating effects, that double battle Damage and that destroy the monster at the End of the Damage Step are applied normally.
    The effects that inflict Piercing battle damage and that prevent the targeted monster from being destroyed in battle are not applied.
    (Even if "Forbidden Lance" is activated in a chain to the activation of "Scrap Fist" so that "Junk Warrior" becomes unaffected by Spell Cards this resolves the same way)
    		❌[4]
    Example Question:
    "Forbidden Lance" was activated targeting a "Junk Warrior" affected by "Scrap Fist", making it become unaffected by Spell Cards.
    If that "Junk Warrior" attacks other monsters you control during the Battle Phase of that turn, what happens with the applied effects of "Scrap Fist"?
    Answer:
    In the proposed scenario, the "•" effects that prevent the opponent from activating effects, that double battle Damage and that destroy the monster at the End of the Damage Step are applied normally.
    The effects that inflict Piercing battle damage and that prevent the targeted monster from being destroyed in battle are not applied.
    (Even if "Forbidden Lance" is activated in a chain to the activation of "Scrap Fist" so that "Junk Warrior" becomes unaffected by Spell Cards this resolves the same way)
    [X] cannot be destroyed ❌[4]
    Example Question:
    "Forbidden Lance" was activated targeting a "Junk Warrior" affected by "Scrap Fist", making it become unaffected by Spell Cards.
    If that "Junk Warrior" attacks other monsters you control during the Battle Phase of that turn, what happens with the applied effects of "Scrap Fist"?
    Answer:
    In the proposed scenario, the "•" effects that prevent the opponent from activating effects, that double battle Damage and that destroy the monster at the End of the Damage Step are applied normally.
    The effects that inflict Piercing battle damage and that prevent the targeted monster from being destroyed in battle are not applied.
    (Even if "Forbidden Lance" is activated in a chain to the activation of "Scrap Fist" so that "Junk Warrior" becomes unaffected by Spell Cards this resolves the same way)
    		❌[1][4]
    Example Question:
    "Diamond Core of Koa'ki Meiru"'s effect in the Graveyard has been applied this turn. If "Forbidden Lance" is later applied to my "Koa'ki Meiru Overload", and my opponent then activates "Nekroz of Gungnir"'s effect targeting my "Koa'ki Meiru Overload", will it be destroyed?
    Answer:
    During the turn in which "Diamond Core of Koa'ki Meiru"'s effect in the Graveyard has been applied, "Koa'ki Meiru" monsters you control cannot be destroyed. However, "Forbidden Lance" causes its target to become unaffected by Spell effects, so the effect of "Diamond Core of Koa'ki Meiru" will not be applied to that unaffected monster.
    Therefore, in this situation, "Koa'ki Meiru Overload" will be destroyed as normal by the effect of "Nekroz of Gungnir".
    Do [A] at the end of the Damage Step ✔️[4]
    Example Question:
    "Forbidden Lance" was activated targeting a "Junk Warrior" affected by "Scrap Fist", making it become unaffected by Spell Cards.
    If that "Junk Warrior" attacks other monsters you control during the Battle Phase of that turn, what happens with the applied effects of "Scrap Fist"?
    Answer:
    In the proposed scenario, the "•" effects that prevent the opponent from activating effects, that double battle Damage and that destroy the monster at the End of the Damage Step are applied normally.
    The effects that inflict Piercing battle damage and that prevent the targeted monster from being destroyed in battle are not applied.
    (Even if "Forbidden Lance" is activated in a chain to the activation of "Scrap Fist" so that "Junk Warrior" becomes unaffected by Spell Cards this resolves the same way)
    		✔️[4]
    Example Question:
    "Forbidden Lance" was activated targeting a "Junk Warrior" affected by "Scrap Fist", making it become unaffected by Spell Cards.
    If that "Junk Warrior" attacks other monsters you control during the Battle Phase of that turn, what happens with the applied effects of "Scrap Fist"?
    Answer:
    In the proposed scenario, the "•" effects that prevent the opponent from activating effects, that double battle Damage and that destroy the monster at the End of the Damage Step are applied normally.
    The effects that inflict Piercing battle damage and that prevent the targeted monster from being destroyed in battle are not applied.
    (Even if "Forbidden Lance" is activated in a chain to the activation of "Scrap Fist" so that "Junk Warrior" becomes unaffected by Spell Cards this resolves the same way)
    Double any battle damage your opponent takes ✔️[4]
    Example Question:
    "Forbidden Lance" was activated targeting a "Junk Warrior" affected by "Scrap Fist", making it become unaffected by Spell Cards.
    If that "Junk Warrior" attacks other monsters you control during the Battle Phase of that turn, what happens with the applied effects of "Scrap Fist"?
    Answer:
    In the proposed scenario, the "•" effects that prevent the opponent from activating effects, that double battle Damage and that destroy the monster at the End of the Damage Step are applied normally.
    The effects that inflict Piercing battle damage and that prevent the targeted monster from being destroyed in battle are not applied.
    (Even if "Forbidden Lance" is activated in a chain to the activation of "Scrap Fist" so that "Junk Warrior" becomes unaffected by Spell Cards this resolves the same way)
    		✔️[4]
    Example Question:
    "Forbidden Lance" was activated targeting a "Junk Warrior" affected by "Scrap Fist", making it become unaffected by Spell Cards.
    If that "Junk Warrior" attacks other monsters you control during the Battle Phase of that turn, what happens with the applied effects of "Scrap Fist"?
    Answer:
    In the proposed scenario, the "•" effects that prevent the opponent from activating effects, that double battle Damage and that destroy the monster at the End of the Damage Step are applied normally.
    The effects that inflict Piercing battle damage and that prevent the targeted monster from being destroyed in battle are not applied.
    (Even if "Forbidden Lance" is activated in a chain to the activation of "Scrap Fist" so that "Junk Warrior" becomes unaffected by Spell Cards this resolves the same way)
    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Diamond Core of Koa'ki Meiru", "Forbidden Lance"
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Spellbook of Power", "Forbidden Lance"
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Chaos Ancient Gear Giant", "Power Bond"
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Forbidden Lance", "Scrap Fist"
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Dimensional Barrier", "Forbidden Lance"
    6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Harpie's Feather Storm", "Forbidden Lance", "Spiritual Beast Cannahawk"

    10.80 Traps Treated as Monsters (not treated as Traps)

    Examples
    98827725 The Phantom Knights of Shade Brigandine

    Special Summon this card in Defense Position as a Normal Monster (Warrior/DARK/Level 4/ATK 0/DEF 300). (This card is NOT treated as a Trap.) If you have no Traps in your GY, you can activate this card the turn it was Set. You can only activate 1 "The Phantom Knights of Shade Brigandine" per turn.
    54241725 The Prime Monarch

    Once per turn: You can target 2 "Monarch" Spells/Traps in your GY; shuffle them into the Deck, then draw 1 card. If this card is in your GY: You can banish 1 other "Monarch" Spell/Trap from your GY; Special Summon this card in Defense Position as a Normal Monster (Fairy/LIGHT/Level 5/ATK 1000/DEF 2400). (This card is NOT treated as a Trap.) You can only use this effect of "The Prime Monarch" once per turn.
    38761908 Paleozoic Dinomischus

    Target 1 face-up card on the field; discard 1 card, and if you do, banish it. Once per Chain, when a Trap Card is activated while this card is in your GY: You can Special Summon this card as a Normal Monster (Aqua/WATER/Level 2/ATK 1200/DEF 0). (This card is NOT treated as a Trap.) If Summoned this way, this card is unaffected by monster effects, also banish it when it leaves the field.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 169-170
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Original ATK of Traps treated as monsters
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Raigeki Break", "The Phantom Knights of Shade Brigandine"
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "The First Monarch", "The Prime Monarch", "Apophis the Swamp Deity"
    5. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 86
    6. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 88
    7. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 91
    8. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 95
    9. Official rulebook page 15
    10. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Dimensional Fissure", "The Prime Monarch", "The First Monarch"
    11. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "S:P Little Knight" more interactions
    12. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Hot Red Dragon Archfiend King Calamity", "Embodiment of Apophis"
    13. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Predaplant Moray Nepenthes", "The Phantom Knights of Tomb Shield", "Infinitrack Earth Slicer"
    14. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Digital Bug Scaradiator", "The Phantom Knights of Shade Brigandine"

    10.81 Traps Treated as Monsters (still treated as Traps)

    Examples
    87772572 Quantum Cat

    Activate this card by declaring 1 Monster Type and 1 Attribute; Special Summon this card as a Normal Monster (Level 4/ATK 0/DEF 2200) with that Type and Attribute. (This card is also still a Trap.)
    97232518 Abyss Stungray

    Special Summon this card as an Effect Monster (Thunder-Type/LIGHT/Level 5/ATK 1900/DEF 0). (This card is also still a Trap Card.) If Summoned this way, this card cannot be destroyed by battle.
    92092092 Space Dragster

    Special Summon this card as an Effect Monster (Machine-Type/Tuner/FIRE/Level 1/ATK 0/DEF 1800). (This card is also still a Trap Card.) If Summoned this way, other Tuners you control cannot be destroyed by battle or your opponent's card effects while this card is in the Monster Zone.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 169-170
    2. Official KONAMI's 2021 rules update
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Original ATK of Traps treated as monsters
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Monster/Trap hybrids' monster effects if they leave the field
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Spell/Trap Cards, and their effects
    6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Changing from only-Trap to Monster/Trap does not create a new copy
    7. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 86
    8. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 88
    9. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 91
    10. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 95
    11. Official rulebook page 15
    12. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Dimensional Fissure", "The Prime Monarch", "The First Monarch"
    13. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Temporary banishment & Trap Monsters
    14. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Changing from Monster+Trap to Trap does not create a new copy
    15. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Hot Red Dragon Archfiend King Calamity", "Embodiment of Apophis"
    16. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Predaplant Moray Nepenthes", "The Phantom Knights of Tomb Shield", "Infinitrack Earth Slicer"
    17. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Heroic Challenger - War Hammer", "Embodiment of Apophis", "Tiki Soul", "Magical Hats"
    18. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Negating monster effects of a Monster/Trap hybrid

    10.82 Tribute

    Examples
    34267821 Artifact Lancea

    You can Set this card from your hand to your Spell & Trap Zone as a Spell. During your opponent's turn, if this Set card in the Spell & Trap Zone is destroyed and sent to your GY: Special Summon it. During your opponent's turn (Quick Effect): You can Tribute this card from your hand or face-up field; neither player can banish cards for the rest of this turn.
    41426869 Black Illusion Ritual

    This card is used to Ritual Summon "Relinquished". You must also Tribute a monster from your hand or field whose Level is 1 or more.
    30650147 Vendread Reorigin

    Target 1 face-up monster your opponent controls that has a Level; Tribute it, and if you do, Special Summon 1 "Vendread Token" (Zombie/DARK/ATK 0/DEF 0) with a Level equal to the Tributed monster's original Level. While the Token Special Summoned by this effect is on the field, you cannot Normal or Special Summon monsters, except "Vendread" monsters.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. Official rulebook page 55
    2. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 79
    3. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 131-133
    4. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 pages 148-149

    10.82.1 Tributes for a Tribute Summon

    Sending monsters on the field to the Graveyard for a Tribute Summon is called Tributing.

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 79

    10.82.2 Tributes of a Ritual

    Tributes for a ritual are sent to the Graveyard as a result of the effect of the Ritual Spell Card.

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 86

    10.82.3 Costs that Tribute

    Reminder of costs:

    In order to activate effects that read "Tribute [X];", those monsters need to be Tributed. The Tributed monsters are sent to the Graveyard[1].

    References:
    1. OCG Perfect Rulebook 2017 page 131
    2. Yugipedia

    10.83 Unaffected

    Examples
    86221741 Raidraptor - Ultimate Falcon

    3 Level 10 Winged Beast monsters
    Unaffected by other cards' effects. You can detach 1 material from this card; for the rest of this turn, all monsters your opponent controls lose 1000 ATK, also your opponent cannot activate cards or effects. If this card has a "Raidraptor" monster as material, it gains this effect.
    ● Once per turn, during the End Phase: You can make all monsters your opponent controls lose 1000 ATK, also if your opponent controls no face-up monsters, inflict 1000 damage to your opponent.

    83827392 Expurrely Noir

    2 Level 7 monsters
    You can also Xyz Summon this card by using a Rank 2 monster you control with 5 or more materials. (Transfer its materials to this card.) This card is unaffected by your opponent's activated effects while it has 5 or more materials. You can detach 2 materials from this card, then target 1 card your opponent controls or in their GY; place it on the bottom of the Deck. This is a Quick Effect if this card has a Level 1 "Purrely" monster as material.

    88616795 Spellbook of Wisdom

    Target 1 Spellcaster monster on the field, then activate 1 of these effects;
    ● That face-up monster is unaffected by other Spell effects this turn.
    ● That face-up monster is unaffected by Trap effects this turn.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Copies stop being unaffected the moment they stop existing
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Compulsory Escape Device", "Elemental HERO Wildheart"
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Metaphys Horus"
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Underworld Goddess of the Closed World" using an opponent's monster that is unaffected
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Metaltron XII, the True Dracombatant", "Kumongous, the Sticky String Kaiju"
    6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Placing a counter affects the monster
    7. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Attaching material affects the monster being attached to
    8. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Preventing monsters from being targeted for an attack affects the monsters doing the attack targeting
    9. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "The Winged Dragon of Ra - Sphere Mode"
    10. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Preventing a monster from being targeted does not affect the monster (Unless you are applying an effect to the monster)
    11. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Changing the attack target affects the monster
    12. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Phantom of Yubel"
    13. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Dragunity Divine Lance", "Forbidden Lance"
    14. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Substitution does not affect the protected monster
    15. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Number 81: Superdreadnought Rail Cannon Super Dora", "Galaxy Tyranno"
    16. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Unchained Soul of Rage"
    17. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Negating an effect's activation affects the activating card
    18. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Timaeus the Knight of Destiny", "Solemn Judgment"
    19. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Ghost Mourner & Moonlit Chill" targets a monster that is unaffected

    10.83.1 Lingering Effects vs Unaffected

    Depending on the kind of lingering effect and if a card is/becomes unaffected, there can be different outcomes. In the table, ✔️ means that the lingering effect remains applied on the unaffected monster, while ❌ means otherwise.
    Lingering Effect (LE) LE applied before the unaffected monster is summoned Unaffected monster on the field, LE applied afterwards Monster becomes unaffected after LE was applied
    ATK/DEF modification ✔️[3]
    Example Question:
    If "Chaos Ancient Gear Giant" is Fusion Summoned by the effect of "Power Bond", which effects are applied?
    Answer:
    Even if "Chaos Ancient Gear Giant" is Fusion Summoned with the effect of "Power Bond", it will gain ATK equal to its original ATK. During the End Phase of this turn, the effect that inflicts damage to you equal to its original ATK is also applied normally.
    ("Chaos Ancient Gear Giant" will have 9000 ATK, and you will take 4500 damage during the End Phase of this turn.)
    		❌[2]
    Example Question:
    I activate "Spellbook of Power" by targeting a Spellcaster monster, to which the effect of "Forbidden Lance" has previously been applied. In this scenario, what happens to "Spellbook of Power"'s effect that increases the monster's ATK? Additionally, what happens to its effect that adds a "Spellbook" card to your hand?
    Furthermore, what happens if "Forbidden Lance" is instead applied to the monster after "Spellbook of Power" has resolved?
    Answer:
    If you activate "Spellbook of Power" by targeting a Spellcaster that is unaffected by Spell effects, such as due to the effect of "Forbidden Lance", neither effect of "Spellbook of Power" will be applied.
    Furthermore, if you activate "Forbidden Lance" by targeting a Spellcaster to which the effect of "Spellbook of Power" has already been applied, the effect of "Spellbook of Power" will remain applied to that monster.
    		✔️[2]
    Example Question:
    I activate "Spellbook of Power" by targeting a Spellcaster monster, to which the effect of "Forbidden Lance" has previously been applied. In this scenario, what happens to "Spellbook of Power"'s effect that increases the monster's ATK? Additionally, what happens to its effect that adds a "Spellbook" card to your hand?
    Furthermore, what happens if "Forbidden Lance" is instead applied to the monster after "Spellbook of Power" has resolved?
    Answer:
    If you activate "Spellbook of Power" by targeting a Spellcaster that is unaffected by Spell effects, such as due to the effect of "Forbidden Lance", neither effect of "Spellbook of Power" will be applied.
    Furthermore, if you activate "Forbidden Lance" by targeting a Spellcaster to which the effect of "Spellbook of Power" has already been applied, the effect of "Spellbook of Power" will remain applied to that monster.
    If/When [X] destroys a monster by battle: do [A] ❌[2]
    Example Question:
    I activate "Spellbook of Power" by targeting a Spellcaster monster, to which the effect of "Forbidden Lance" has previously been applied. In this scenario, what happens to "Spellbook of Power"'s effect that increases the monster's ATK? Additionally, what happens to its effect that adds a "Spellbook" card to your hand?
    Furthermore, what happens if "Forbidden Lance" is instead applied to the monster after "Spellbook of Power" has resolved?
    Answer:
    If you activate "Spellbook of Power" by targeting a Spellcaster that is unaffected by Spell effects, such as due to the effect of "Forbidden Lance", neither effect of "Spellbook of Power" will be applied.
    Furthermore, if you activate "Forbidden Lance" by targeting a Spellcaster to which the effect of "Spellbook of Power" has already been applied, the effect of "Spellbook of Power" will remain applied to that monster.
    		✔️[2]
    Example Question:
    I activate "Spellbook of Power" by targeting a Spellcaster monster, to which the effect of "Forbidden Lance" has previously been applied. In this scenario, what happens to "Spellbook of Power"'s effect that increases the monster's ATK? Additionally, what happens to its effect that adds a "Spellbook" card to your hand?
    Furthermore, what happens if "Forbidden Lance" is instead applied to the monster after "Spellbook of Power" has resolved?
    Answer:
    If you activate "Spellbook of Power" by targeting a Spellcaster that is unaffected by Spell effects, such as due to the effect of "Forbidden Lance", neither effect of "Spellbook of Power" will be applied.
    Furthermore, if you activate "Forbidden Lance" by targeting a Spellcaster to which the effect of "Spellbook of Power" has already been applied, the effect of "Spellbook of Power" will remain applied to that monster.
    Negate Activated Effects ❌[6]
    Example Question:
    I activated "Harpie's Feather Storm" during this turn, and its effect that negates any monster effect activated by my opponent is applying. In this situation, if my opponent uses "Forbidden Lance" to make their "Spiritual Beast Cannahawk" unaffected by Spell/Trap effects, and then activates its effect that banishes a "Ritual Beast" card from the Deck, will that effect be negated by "Harpie's Feather Storm"?
    Answer:
    As in this scenario, when a monster on your opponent's field activates its effect, the effect of "Harpie's Feather Storm" is treated as an effect that is applied to that monster. Therefore, the effect of your opponent's "Spiritual Beast Cannahawk", which is unaffected by Spell/Trap effects, is not negated and resolves normally.
    Negate Effects ❌[5]
    Example Question:
    "Dimensional Barrier" was activated by declaring Xyz Monsters. In this case, if "Forbidden Lance" is activated by targeting an Xyz Monster whose effects are being negated by "Dimensional Barrier", what happens to its effects?
    Answer:
    The effect of "Dimensional Barrier" negates the effects of the declared monster type as long as they remain face-up on the field, but if "Forbidden Lance" is activated so that a monster becomes unaffected by Spell/Trap effects, its effects are no longer negated. (It does not matter if "Dimensional Barrier" was resolved before or after "Forbidden Lance".)
    		❌[5]
    Example Question:
    "Dimensional Barrier" was activated by declaring Xyz Monsters. In this case, if "Forbidden Lance" is activated by targeting an Xyz Monster whose effects are being negated by "Dimensional Barrier", what happens to its effects?
    Answer:
    The effect of "Dimensional Barrier" negates the effects of the declared monster type as long as they remain face-up on the field, but if "Forbidden Lance" is activated so that a monster becomes unaffected by Spell/Trap effects, its effects are no longer negated. (It does not matter if "Dimensional Barrier" was resolved before or after "Forbidden Lance".)
    Piercing Battle Damage ❌[4]
    Example Question:
    "Forbidden Lance" was activated targeting a "Junk Warrior" affected by "Scrap Fist", making it become unaffected by Spell Cards.
    If that "Junk Warrior" attacks other monsters you control during the Battle Phase of that turn, what happens with the applied effects of "Scrap Fist"?
    Answer:
    In the proposed scenario, the "•" effects that prevent the opponent from activating effects, that double battle Damage and that destroy the monster at the End of the Damage Step are applied normally.
    The effects that inflict Piercing battle damage and that prevent the targeted monster from being destroyed in battle are not applied.
    (Even if "Forbidden Lance" is activated in a chain to the activation of "Scrap Fist" so that "Junk Warrior" becomes unaffected by Spell Cards this resolves the same way)
    		❌[4]
    Example Question:
    "Forbidden Lance" was activated targeting a "Junk Warrior" affected by "Scrap Fist", making it become unaffected by Spell Cards.
    If that "Junk Warrior" attacks other monsters you control during the Battle Phase of that turn, what happens with the applied effects of "Scrap Fist"?
    Answer:
    In the proposed scenario, the "•" effects that prevent the opponent from activating effects, that double battle Damage and that destroy the monster at the End of the Damage Step are applied normally.
    The effects that inflict Piercing battle damage and that prevent the targeted monster from being destroyed in battle are not applied.
    (Even if "Forbidden Lance" is activated in a chain to the activation of "Scrap Fist" so that "Junk Warrior" becomes unaffected by Spell Cards this resolves the same way)
    [X] cannot be destroyed ❌[4]
    Example Question:
    "Forbidden Lance" was activated targeting a "Junk Warrior" affected by "Scrap Fist", making it become unaffected by Spell Cards.
    If that "Junk Warrior" attacks other monsters you control during the Battle Phase of that turn, what happens with the applied effects of "Scrap Fist"?
    Answer:
    In the proposed scenario, the "•" effects that prevent the opponent from activating effects, that double battle Damage and that destroy the monster at the End of the Damage Step are applied normally.
    The effects that inflict Piercing battle damage and that prevent the targeted monster from being destroyed in battle are not applied.
    (Even if "Forbidden Lance" is activated in a chain to the activation of "Scrap Fist" so that "Junk Warrior" becomes unaffected by Spell Cards this resolves the same way)
    		❌[1][4]
    Example Question:
    "Diamond Core of Koa'ki Meiru"'s effect in the Graveyard has been applied this turn. If "Forbidden Lance" is later applied to my "Koa'ki Meiru Overload", and my opponent then activates "Nekroz of Gungnir"'s effect targeting my "Koa'ki Meiru Overload", will it be destroyed?
    Answer:
    During the turn in which "Diamond Core of Koa'ki Meiru"'s effect in the Graveyard has been applied, "Koa'ki Meiru" monsters you control cannot be destroyed. However, "Forbidden Lance" causes its target to become unaffected by Spell effects, so the effect of "Diamond Core of Koa'ki Meiru" will not be applied to that unaffected monster.
    Therefore, in this situation, "Koa'ki Meiru Overload" will be destroyed as normal by the effect of "Nekroz of Gungnir".
    Do [A] at the end of the Damage Step ✔️[4]
    Example Question:
    "Forbidden Lance" was activated targeting a "Junk Warrior" affected by "Scrap Fist", making it become unaffected by Spell Cards.
    If that "Junk Warrior" attacks other monsters you control during the Battle Phase of that turn, what happens with the applied effects of "Scrap Fist"?
    Answer:
    In the proposed scenario, the "•" effects that prevent the opponent from activating effects, that double battle Damage and that destroy the monster at the End of the Damage Step are applied normally.
    The effects that inflict Piercing battle damage and that prevent the targeted monster from being destroyed in battle are not applied.
    (Even if "Forbidden Lance" is activated in a chain to the activation of "Scrap Fist" so that "Junk Warrior" becomes unaffected by Spell Cards this resolves the same way)
    		✔️[4]
    Example Question:
    "Forbidden Lance" was activated targeting a "Junk Warrior" affected by "Scrap Fist", making it become unaffected by Spell Cards.
    If that "Junk Warrior" attacks other monsters you control during the Battle Phase of that turn, what happens with the applied effects of "Scrap Fist"?
    Answer:
    In the proposed scenario, the "•" effects that prevent the opponent from activating effects, that double battle Damage and that destroy the monster at the End of the Damage Step are applied normally.
    The effects that inflict Piercing battle damage and that prevent the targeted monster from being destroyed in battle are not applied.
    (Even if "Forbidden Lance" is activated in a chain to the activation of "Scrap Fist" so that "Junk Warrior" becomes unaffected by Spell Cards this resolves the same way)
    Double any battle damage your opponent takes ✔️[4]
    Example Question:
    "Forbidden Lance" was activated targeting a "Junk Warrior" affected by "Scrap Fist", making it become unaffected by Spell Cards.
    If that "Junk Warrior" attacks other monsters you control during the Battle Phase of that turn, what happens with the applied effects of "Scrap Fist"?
    Answer:
    In the proposed scenario, the "•" effects that prevent the opponent from activating effects, that double battle Damage and that destroy the monster at the End of the Damage Step are applied normally.
    The effects that inflict Piercing battle damage and that prevent the targeted monster from being destroyed in battle are not applied.
    (Even if "Forbidden Lance" is activated in a chain to the activation of "Scrap Fist" so that "Junk Warrior" becomes unaffected by Spell Cards this resolves the same way)
    		✔️[4]
    Example Question:
    "Forbidden Lance" was activated targeting a "Junk Warrior" affected by "Scrap Fist", making it become unaffected by Spell Cards.
    If that "Junk Warrior" attacks other monsters you control during the Battle Phase of that turn, what happens with the applied effects of "Scrap Fist"?
    Answer:
    In the proposed scenario, the "•" effects that prevent the opponent from activating effects, that double battle Damage and that destroy the monster at the End of the Damage Step are applied normally.
    The effects that inflict Piercing battle damage and that prevent the targeted monster from being destroyed in battle are not applied.
    (Even if "Forbidden Lance" is activated in a chain to the activation of "Scrap Fist" so that "Junk Warrior" becomes unaffected by Spell Cards this resolves the same way)
    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Diamond Core of Koa'ki Meiru", "Forbidden Lance"
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Spellbook of Power", "Forbidden Lance"
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Chaos Ancient Gear Giant", "Power Bond"
    4. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Forbidden Lance", "Scrap Fist"
    5. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Dimensional Barrier", "Forbidden Lance"
    6. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Harpie's Feather Storm", "Forbidden Lance", "Spiritual Beast Cannahawk"

    10.84 Unaffected by activated effects

    Examples
    83827392 Expurrely Noir

    2 Level 7 monsters
    You can also Xyz Summon this card by using a Rank 2 monster you control with 5 or more materials. (Transfer its materials to this card.) This card is unaffected by your opponent's activated effects while it has 5 or more materials. You can detach 2 materials from this card, then target 1 card your opponent controls or in their GY; place it on the bottom of the Deck. This is a Quick Effect if this card has a Level 1 "Purrely" monster as material.

    30336082 Sangen Summoning

    During your Main Phase 1, FIRE Dragon monsters you control are unaffected by your opponent's activated effects. During your Main Phase: You can add 1 "Tenpai Dragon" monster from your Deck to your hand, then discard 1 card. You can only use this effect of "Sangen Summoning" once per turn. If this card is destroyed during the Battle Phase: You can target 1 Dragon Synchro Monster you control; double its ATK.
    53541822 Ancient Gear Duel

    "Ancient Gear Golem", and monsters that mention it, in your Monster Zone are unaffected by your opponent's activated monster effects. If your opponent controls a monster: You can Fusion Summon 1 Fusion Monster that mentions "Ancient Gear Golem" from your Extra Deck, by banishing monsters from your field or GY as material, including "Ancient Gear Golem" you control, and if you do, it can make up to 3 attacks during each Battle Phase. You can only use this effect of "Ancient Gear Duel" once per turn.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Unaffected by activated effects" and what it means
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Unaffected by activated effects" and effects that apply at a later point

    10.85 Specific Cards

    Here are rulings pertaining some very specific cards.

    10.85.1 "Ghost Mourner & Moonlit Chill"

    52038441 Ghost Mourner & Moonlit Chill

    If your opponent Special Summons a monster(s) face-up (except during the Damage Step): You can discard this card, then target 1 of those face-up monsters; negate its effects until the end of this turn, also if that face-up monster leaves the field this turn, its controller takes damage equal to its original ATK. You can only use this effect of "Ghost Mourner & Moonlit Chill" once per turn.

    You can activate the effect of "Ghost Mourner & Moonlit Chill" by targeting a monster that meets at least one of the following[1]:

    Examples:

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Ghost Mourner & Moonlit Chill"
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Ghost Mourner & Moonlit Chill" and changing control
    3. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Ghost Mourner & Moonlit Chill" targets a monster that is unaffected

    10.85.2 "Necrovalley"

    47355498 Necrovalley

    All "Gravekeeper's" monsters gain 500 ATK/DEF. Cards in the GY cannot be banished. Negate any card effect that would move a card in the GY to a different place. Negate any card effect that changes Types or Attributes in the GY.

    Interaction with:

    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Necrovalley" and Special Summon monsters
    2. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: Necrovalley and delayed effects

    10.85.3 "Meteonis Drytron"

    22398665 Meteonis Drytron

    This card can be used to Ritual Summon any Ritual Monster from your hand or GY. You must also Tribute Machine monsters from your hand or field whose total ATK equal or exceed the ATK of the Ritual Monster you Ritual Summon. If this card is in your GY: You can target 1 "Drytron" monster you control; it loses exactly 1000 ATK until the end of your opponent's turn, and if it does, add this card to your hand. You can only use this effect of "Meteonis Drytron" once per turn.
    References:
    1. YGOrg Database of Official OCG Rulings: "Meteonis Drytron"